某型发动机燃烧室外套搭接滚焊缝裂纹对使用寿命的影响

针对某型发动机燃烧室外套搭接滚焊缝处存在的裂纹,从冶金和有限元强度分析角度对焊缝裂纹扩展寿命、试片疲劳和全寿命疲劳试验等进行研究与验证,给出焊缝裂纹的扩展寿命,得出搭接滚焊缝处存在裂纹的燃烧室外套可安全使用的结论。     

裂纹萌生寿命预腐蚀影响规律

对不同预腐蚀时间的裂纹萌生寿命进行统计分析,并选取了4种函数形式对（CT）数据进行拟合对比分析。结果表明,指定裂纹尺寸的裂纹萌生寿命随腐蚀时间的增加而降低,在工程常用的时间范嗣内,若假定裂纹萌生寿命服从对数正态分布,指定裂纹尺寸的对数裂纹萌生寿命标准差与预腐蚀时间基本无关,单参数指数函数形式拟合的不同裂纹尺寸的C-T曲...     

基于混沌粒子群优化算法的压气机盘低循环疲劳

压气机轮盘低循环疲劳寿命受很多随机参数的影响,具有很大的分散性,因此,对压气机盘低循环疲劳寿命进行稳健性设计具有重要的意义.在对疲劳寿命概率分析的基础上,结合RBF神经网络与混沌粒子群优化算法,利用混沌粒子群优化的动态收缩搜索区域的搜索特性,通过对随机参数进行优化进行压气机轮盘低循环疲劳寿命稳健性优化设计,使得疲劳寿命对参数的敏感度降低,概率区间减小,计算结果验证了该方法在工程应用中的可行性.     

焊接构件低温疲劳P-S-N曲线的研究

焊接构件的低温 P-S-N曲线是冬季构件抗疲劳设计的基础.在PLG-300 kN高频疲劳试验机上,测定了在-25℃环境下4种应力水平对应的焊接构件的疲劳寿命,并得出了其中值S-N曲线.采用小样本实验的单侧容限分析方法,利用对数疲劳寿命变异系数的经验取值,得出了焊接构件的低温P-S-N曲线.这种方法既简便又经济,但需要由进一步的实验来完善.     

对数正态与正态分布定时截尾寿命试验参数的近似置信域

提出了两步法来获得对数正态和正态分布大样本定时截尾寿命试验参数的近似置信域。对数正态分布试验中，在试验时间对数和的极限分布的基础上构造了枢轴量。为克服直接从枢轴量的渐近正态性求解参数μ，σ的联合置信域的困难。本文利用Wolynetz提出的μ的MLE的近似分布首先得到μ的近似置信区间，然后给定置信区间中的每个μ，通过枢轴量求得σ的近似置信区间，最终获得μ，σ的联合近似置信域。类似地在正态分布试验中可由总试验时间的极限分布构造枢轴量．从而获得参数μ和σ的联合近似置信域。随机模拟结果表明，本方法具有较好的置信度。     

服役环境下材料S-N曲线的BP模型

目前常规条件下各种金属材料的S—N曲线已基本完备，但是考虑腐蚀环境影响的S—N曲线还很少见。本文研究了在加速腐蚀当量环境谱作用后，LY12-CZ铝舍金材料的S—N曲线随日历年限的变化规律。首先，将试件暴露于加速腐蚀环境中，进行0年、3年、8年和13年的腐蚀试验。其次进行常幅谱下的疲劳试验。试验结果表明：腐蚀环境作用后的疲劳寿命均值随日历年限的增加显著降低，而变异系数呈增长的趋势。鉴于腐蚀环境作用后的S—N曲线具有较强的非线性，本文采用反向传播网络对加速腐蚀后的疲劳试验结果进行训练，建立了日历腐蚀环境下材料S—N曲线的BP模型，仿真结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

提高螺栓孔挤压强化合格率的可行性分析

针对飞机提高疲劳寿命问题,在飞机的主要承力部位如起落架梁、下壁板的螺栓孔处进行挤压强化,可以大大提高飞机的强度,对飞机延寿具有极其重要意义。在实际生产过程中,挤压孔的合格率一直较低,通过大量的数据试验和详细的分析研究,查找出提高螺栓孔挤压强化合格率的瓶颈问题,对飞机生产单位提高产品质量具有重要参考价值。     

Key ecological challenges for closed systems facilities

Closed ecological systems are desirable for a number of purposes. In space life support systems, material closure allows precious life-supporting resources to be kept inside and recycled. Closure in small biospheric systems facilitates detailed measurement of global ecological processes and biogeochemical cycles. Closed testbeds facilitate research topics which require isolation from the outside (e.g. genetically modified organisms; radioisotopes) so their ecological interactions and fluxes can be studied separate from interactions with the outside environment. But to achieve and maintain closure entails solving complex ecological challenges. These challenges include being able to handle faster cycling rates and accentuated daily and seasonal fluxes of critical life elements such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, water, macro- and mico-nutrients. The problems of achieving sustainability in closed systems for life support include how to handle atmospheric dynamics including trace gases, producing a complete human diet, recycling nutrients and maintaining soil fertility, the maintenance of healthy air and water and preventing the loss of critical elements from active circulation. In biospheric facilities, the challenge is also to produce analogues to natural biomes and ecosystems, studying processes of self-organization and adaptation in systems that allow specification or determination of state variables and cycles which may be followed through all interactions from atmosphere to soils. Other challenges include the dynamics and genetics of small populations, the psychological challenges for small isolated human groups and backup technologies and strategic options which may be necessary to ensure long-term operation of closed ecological systems.     

附件性能比较分析方法研究

提出通过附件寿命数据统计模型及可靠度函数．利用数学工具量化比较附件性能的方法。该方法简单可靠．不依赖于分布模型．且适用于任何寿命区间。经实例验证该方法在实际应用中是有效的。     

Aquaculture in bio-regenerative life support systems (BLSS): Considerations

A significant amount of research has been invested into understanding the effects of including fish culture in bio-regenerative life support systems (BLSS) for long duration space habitation. While the benefits of fish culture as a sub-process for waste treatment and food production continue to be identified, other pressing issues arise that affect the overall equivalent system mass associated with fish culture in a BLSS. This paper is meant to provide insight into several issues affecting fish culture in a BLSS that will require attention in the future if fish meant for consumption are to be cultured in a BLSS.