小议福克纳短篇小说《夕阳》中的叙述技巧

在威廉·福克纳的短篇小说《夕阳》中,作者运用了多种叙述技巧揭露文中白人对黑人所受苦难的冷漠态度。本文阐述了福克纳的叙述技巧并认为福克纳使用了一种新的叙述技巧完成了《夕阳》的创作,而对此的运用不仅体现了他本人的复杂个性,同时也深化了文章中种族歧视的主题。     

基于CCSDS Proximity-1协议的动态变帧长策略研究

为提高邻近航天器之间的通信效率,研究了Proximity-1协议与传统链路层协议的最大区别——"通信互动"功能。对航天器之间通信过程中的动态变帧长策略进行了分析,给出了不同信道环境下的最佳帧长取值,并通过实时选择最佳帧长实现了动态变帧长策略方案。利用仿真手段验证了动态变帧长策略对通信效率的改善性能。仿真结果表明,吞吐量效率最多可提高80%,证明文章提出的动态变帧长策略能在很大程度上提高通信效率。     

液体火箭发动机阻尼机架减振特性研究

对具有橡胶——惯性结构的火箭发动机机架简化模型中动态载荷传播特性进行了研究。机架内动态载荷在依次通过橡胶-惯性结构粘贴位置时，携带的部分动能传递到橡胶材料内，导致机架内应力幅值显著低于能量交换前的应力。通过分析橡胶材料内外表面的速度，发现速度差引起了橡胶阻尼材料沿轴向发生剪切加载和卸载过程，并导致机架传递到橡胶材料的动态能量发生剪切变形的过程中被耗散吸收；此外，机架内动态载荷大小与机架内质点速度的变化量有关，机架内质点动能减小及运动速度降低是引起机架动态载荷幅值降低的根本原因。     

Verb Semantics Affects the Interpretation of Spatial Prepositions

Abstract

Spatial prepositions, more specifically projective prepositions, such as in front of or behind can be interpreted in different ways. Their interpretation depends on the spatial perspective taken as the basis for determining the reference frame's orientation. In 3 series of placement experiments with German speakers, we examined whether the interpretation of projective prepositions in a motion context is affected by the verb used in a spatial instruction. Results suggest that verb semantics is a factor accounting for previously observed seemingly social-situational differences in the interpretation of projective prepositions. Specifically, the findings indicate that, relative to a car as reference object, the semantic aspect of motion interruption associated with some verbs leads to a higher proportion of deictic interpretations determined by the direction from which one is approaching the car. This verb effect on the interpretation of spatial prepositions can be explained by an activation of the temporal dimension through stop-implying verbs, which is integrated into the spatial situation model of the perceived dynamic scene making the deictic frame of reference more compatible. The experimental evidence also shows that verb semantics can account for previously unexplained cross-linguistic differences, and is related to patterns concerning the prepositional inventory of languages.     

Why do speakers mix perspectives?

Although considerations of discourse coherence and cognitive processing suggest that communicators should adopt consistent perspectives when describing spatial scenes, in many cases they switch perspectives. Ongoing research examining cognitive costs indicates that these are small and exacted in establishing a mental model of a scene but not in retrieving information from a well-known scene. A perspective entails a point of view, a referent object, and terms of reference. These may change within a perspective, exacting cognitive costs, so that the costs of switching perspective may not be greater than the costs of maintaining the same perspective. Another project investigating perspective choice for self and other demonstrates effects of salience of referent object and ease of terms of reference. Perspective is mixed not just in verbal communications but also in pictorial ones, suggesting that at times, switching perspective is more effective than maintaining a consistent one.     

串并联模型框架在军用航空综合体效能评估中的应用

针对现代空战效能主要由信息、机动和火力三大要素决定的特点,应用串并联模型框架对航空综合体进行了物理和逻辑分解,并量化其各个分系统效能,用串并联模型框架建立了军用航空综合体的静态效能模型,分析了各分系统对系统效能的影响。     

大型锻件窗框加工变形及工艺方案研究

窗框零件作为民用飞机上的重要承力构件,具有结构复杂、曲率大、难加工部位多、加工变形控制难等特点,而且采用锻件加工受毛坯初始残余应力影响较大。通过对典型窗框零件工艺特点以及加工关键技术进行研究,从毛坯残余应力分布、加工变形仿真预测、加工工艺过程优化等多方面进行研究,解决该类零件加工过程中变形处理的瓶颈问题,提出工程化解决方案,并形成窗框类零件加工典型工艺方案。     

某型发动机起动电气控制系统检测设备研制

针对发动机系统线束检查的要求,发动机起动电气控制系统检测设备使用分布式的线束测试控制器实现线束的自动快速测试。针对发动机系统起动逻辑和时序检查的要求,检测设备模拟发动机起动条件给出激励信号,采集发动机的输出信号,判断起动逻辑和时序是否正确。检测设备为保护系统安全,采取许多安全性设计方法。检测设备的软件具有实时测试、数据回放、测试通道选择等多种功能。检测设备的设计思想已经通过现场联机测试得到验证。     

航空发动机适航知识库构建方法研究

针对航空发动机适航领域知识重用、共享性差的问题,分析该领域知识特点;采用改进重采样和BRF方法进行知识获取;提出产生式规则、框架网络和面向对象的混合知识表示模型。与数据库软件的有效集成,创建智能知识库系统,实现了知识的查询和维护。     

ARINC 653分区实时系统的主时间框架设计

综合模块化航空电子系统中的ARINC 653标准规定系统采用分区内调度和分区间调度双层调度机制。根据标准,分区内的调度由分区设计者指定,分区之间则按照静态的主时间框架进行调度。如何基于多个分区应用设计用于分区间调度的主时间框架是系统集成阶段需要解决的问题。首先利用可调度分析导出了分区的有界延迟模型参数,进一步将该参数转化为分区的调度参数用于分区间调度。然后进行分区间调度生成主时间框架,提出了最少窗口数目匹配-最佳匹配（MFBF）算法用于减少分区窗口的切换次数。提出的从分区参数推导到分区间调度流程能够基于若干分区应用生成ARINC 653系统的主时间框架。实验结果表明:时间窗口优化算法能有效减少分区窗口切换次数。