斜激波串与上游激波干扰特性试验研究

为研究斜激波串在背压条件下前移与上游激波相互干扰的流场结构和运动规律,在来流为马赫数 2.7 的直管道内设计一种等宽度斜楔,采用动态压力测量、高速纹影和粒子图像测速(PIV)技术等手段进行了试验。研究结果表明：内置斜楔在管道内产生入射激波、分离激波、膨胀波、再附激波和激波诱导分离等复杂上游激波流场,在分离区附近形成有顺压梯度和逆压梯度的区域。当增大下游压比时,斜激波串逐渐向上游激波流场移动;经过斜楔产生的分离区时,斜激波串的移动速度急剧提升,同时出现非对称分离偏转方向的切换。对比了三种长度尺寸的等楔角斜楔所产生的上游激波流场的差异性,发现在相同的斜楔前缘起始点和楔角时,随着斜楔长度的增加,上游激波流场中激波诱导的分离尺度逐渐变大。     

迎角、宽高比、湍流度对矩形截面柱体压强分布影响的研究

本文研究了宽高比、湍流度对矩形柱体压强分布的影响。迎角范围从0°到45°。随迎角增加或湍流强度增加,分离剪切层会在迎风面再附形成气泡。文中还讨论了沿柱体前表面的压强分布。     

展向不同间距壁面粗糙元对近壁湍流拟序结构的影响

采用氢气泡流动显示技术,研究了壁面不同展向间距粗糙元对近壁湍流拟序结构的影响。实验中粗糙元布置在氢泡丝前,其间距按如下两种排列设置：粗糙元直径的0、1和3倍,等间距1、2和4cm;每种情况粗糙元直径均为2.3、4和6mm。基于平均流速和水力直径的流动雷诺数从14000到48000变化。实验观测了光滑壁面和粗糙元壁面的近壁湍流拟序结构条带特征。发现：对于两种不同排列,相同雷诺数和相同粗糙元间距条件下条带有量纲间距均随着粗糙元直径增大而减小,条带有量纲高度均随粗糙元直径的增大而增大;相同雷诺数和相同直径粗糙元条件下条带有量纲间距均随着展向间距增大而增大,条带有量纲高度均随展向间距的增大而减小。粗糙元壁面湍流条带有量纲间距均比光滑壁面小,条带有量纲高度均比光滑壁面大。研究结果对近壁湍流的流动控制具有重要指导意义。     

翼型低雷诺数层流分离泡数值研究

翼型在不可压和低雷诺数条件下工作时的性能越来越引起了人们的研究兴趣。本文采用Rogers发展的双时间步Roe格式,求解拟压缩性修正不可压N-S方程。数值模拟了低雷诺数条件下(Re=6.0×104,1.0×105,2.0×106),E387翼型在不同攻角条件下(α=0°、4°、7°)翼上表面后缘部分的层流分离现象,对应于长分离泡。时均化的结果同McGhee[12]的试验结果进行比较,验证了计算结果的正确性。研究了低雷诺数层流分离的非定常和时均化特性,并对漩涡脱落中主涡、二次涡以及出现的漩涡对并的周期性过程和对气动力脉动造成的影响进行了较为细致的研究。非定常计算结果表明,低雷诺数条件下的层流分离现象,是周期性的旋涡脱落过程。所谓长层流分离泡是其时均化积分的结果。     

低雷诺数下翼型层流分离泡及吹吸气控制数值研究

在低雷诺数下Eppler387翼型表面会出现层流分离泡现象,因此本文使用Fluent求解器开展吹/吸气控制翼型表面层流分离泡的数值研究,主要探究了射流位置、射流角度、射流速度比三个控制参数对层流分离泡控制的影响规律.研究结果表明,采用与SSTκ-ω湍流模型耦合的γ～(Reθt)转捩模型可以准确预测层流分离泡的位置;吹/吸气可以有效抑制低雷诺数下层流分离泡的发展,明显提高低雷诺数下翼型升阻比.固定射流位置,较大吸气速度比和较小吹气速度比可分别获得较好的流动控制效果,且吸气控制比吹气控制对层流分离泡的抑制作用更加有效.     

气泡水体携带能力的测量实验研究

针对水中上升气泡对水体携带作用一直难以测量的问题,特提出利用气泡上升携带水量来表征其能力大小的思想,进而专门设计了相应的实验装置,重点开展了双液分离转相精测技术的实验研究。实验时选取柴油和水构成双液,并分别采用直接测量和转相精测两种方法测量气泡上升携带水量。结果表明：采用双液法可有效分离气泡携带的上升水体;气泡上升携带水量的转相精测值精度高于其直接测量值,且携带水量越小其精度优势越明显,特别是当携带水量很小,直接测量法可能因误差太大而根本无法实施,但转相精测法却可顺利进行。     

Effects of surface roughness on the aerodynamic performance of a high subsonic compressor airfoil at low Reynolds number

The aerodynamic performance of compressor airfoil is significantly affected by the surface roughness at low Reynolds number (Re). In the present study, numerical simulations have been conducted to investigate the impact of surface roughness on the profile loss of a high subsonic compressor airfoil at Re = 1.5 × 10⁵. Four roughness locations, covering 10%, 30%, 50% and 100% of the suction surface from the leading edge and seven roughness magnitudes (R_a) ranging from 52 to 525 μm were selected. Results showed that the surface roughness mainly determined the loss generation process by influencing the structure of the Laminar Separation Bubble (LSB) and the turbulence level near the wall. For all the roughness locations, the variation trend for the profile loss with the roughness magnitude was similar. In the transitionally rough region, the negative displacement effect of the LSB was suppressed with the increase of roughness magnitude, leading to a maximum decrease of 14.6%, 16.04%, 16.45% and 10.20% in the profile loss at R_a = 157 μm for the four roughness locations, respectively. However, with a further increase of the roughness magnitude in the fully rough region, the stronger turbulent dissipation enhanced the growth rate of the turbulent boundary layer and increased the profile loss instead. By comparison, the leading edge roughness played a dominant role in the boundary layer development and performance variation. To take fully advantage of the surface roughness reducing profile loss at low Re, the effects of roughness on suppressing LSB and inducing strong turbulent dissipation should be balanced effectively.     

Can an impulsive variation of the solar wind plasma pressure trigger a plasma bubble? A case study based on CSES,Swarm and THEMIS data

During the August 25, 2018 geomagnetic storm, the new borne CSES-01 satellite and the Swarm A satellite detected a really large equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) in the post-midnight sector over western Africa. We investigated the features of this deep ionospheric plasma depletion using data from the Langmuir probes on-board CSES-01 and Swarm A satellites, and data from the high-precision magnetometer and the electric field detector instruments on-board CSES-01. Using also plasma and magnetic field data from THEMIS-E satellite we found that, during the passage of the magnetic cloud that drove the geomagnetic storm, an impulsive variation lasting about ten minutes characterized the solar wind (SW) pressure. The analysis of the delay time, between the occurrence of such impulsive variation and the detection of the plasma bubble, suggests a possible link between the SW pressure impulsive variation as identified by THEMIS-E and the generation of the EPB as detected by CSES-01 and Swarm A. We put forward the hypothesis that the SW pressure impulsive variation might have triggered an eastward prompt penetrating electric field that propagated from high to equatorial latitudes, overlapping in the nightside region to the zonal westward electric field, causing either a reduction or an inversion, at the base of the EPB triggering.     

水下超声速燃气射流气泡的生长及压力波传播特性实验研究

为获取燃气射流对上游水域的影响特性,采用燃气发生器和水下实验系统,研究了水下超声速燃气射流的气泡生长及演变过程,以及气泡压力波在水中的传播特性,并研究了压力波在水介质中的衰减规律。研究表明,燃气泡生长和"破碎"伴生着压力脉动在水介质中传播,气泡压力波的能量在水介质中快速衰减。     

Plasma instabilities and their simulations in the equatorial F region – Recent results

In this paper the developments made in the last five years on numerical simulation/modeling studies of a complex nighttime equatorial spread F phenomenon are reviewed. Emphasis is given to the Indian work and necessary comparisons are done with other international works on this field. Investigations involving the important aspects, namely the confinement of the plasma bubble in the bottomside of the ionosphere, linear and nonlinear effects of molecular ions in the development of plasma bubbles, interaction of two modes as a seed perturbation are discussed in detail. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.