超量程位置误差基准桥接测量技术研究

以某类型专用检具为例,介绍了一种基于坐标测量机的利用基准桥接测量其位置误差的方法,对平行度和垂直度参数建立了数学模型并进行了计算推导,给出了实现测量的方法,提升了测量范围和测量能力,同时对测量结果不确定度进行了评定,证实了此方法的可行性。     

航空发动机风扇叶片伸根段造型设计与优化

探索了航空发动机风扇叶片伸根段造型的优化设计方法,利用它在保持叶身气动设计不变的情况下使风扇叶片振动特性得到改善。建立了基于非均匀有理B样条NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline)桥接曲线的伸根段造型方法,实现气动叶身与榫头侧面间的光滑连接;通过改变桥接曲线控制顶点的位置实现伸根段造型的参数化设计,并在相关假设条件的基础上提取了完全定义伸根段造型所需的8个设计变量;以风扇叶片共振裕度最大化作为伸根段设计目标,在径向基函数网络(RBFN)与粒子群(PSO)算法的基础上建立了伸根段造型优化设计流程,其原理是构造RBFN近似模型来逼近和预测风扇叶片共振裕度与伸根段设计变量间的隐式目标函数,在此基础上使用PSO算法搜索使共振裕度达到最大化的伸根段设计变量组合。结果表明:某大涵道比宽弦风扇叶片采用上述流程,通过优化伸根段造型使风扇叶片轴向一弯模态的自振频率得到提高,与转速3倍频激振间的共振裕度提高约2%。      

考虑含界面裂纹应力集中系数的复合材料强度计算

弱界面复合材料受横向拉伸时,界面会在材料整体破坏前发生脱粘,材料横向拉伸强度甚至远低于纯基体的拉伸强度。为了准确地预测弱界面复合材料的偏轴强度,需要考虑和量化纤维埋入及界面脱粘对基体现场强度的影响。定义考虑界面裂纹的应力集中系数,提出一种新的方法用于预测弱界面复合材料在任意角度偏轴拉伸作用下界面脱粘对应的临界外加载荷和材料的整体强度;并对不同种类的复合材料进行算例分析。结果表明:加入新定义的应力集中系数可以明显提高预测的准确性。     

Constructing flexible fiber bridging claws of micro/nano short aramid fiber at interlayer of basalt fiber reinforced polymer for improving compressive strength with and without impact

The high-performance Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer(BFRP)composites have been prepared by guiding Micro/Nano Short Aramid Fiber(MNSAF)into the interlayer to improve the resin-rich region and the interfacial transition region,and the flexible fiber bridging claws of MNSAF were constructed to grasp the adjacent layers for stronger interlaminar bond.The low-velocity impact results show that the MNSAF could improve the impact resistance of BFRP com-posites.The compression test results demonstrate that the compressive strength and the residual compressive strength after impact of MNSAF-reinforced BFRP composites were greater than those of unreinforced one,exhibiting the greatest 56.2％and 73.3％increments respectively for BFRP composites improved by 4wt％MNSAF.X-ray micro-computed tomography scanning results indicate that the\"fiber bridging claws\"contributed to better mechanical interlocking to inhibit the crack generation and propagation under impact and compression load,and the original delamination-dominated failure of unreinforced BFRP composites was altered into shear-dominated failure of MNSAF-reinforced BFRP composites.Overall,the MNSAF interleaving might be an effective method in manufacturing high-performance laminated fiber in industrial pro-duction.     

考虑纤维桥接效应的复合材料双悬臂梁脱层演化模拟研究

在双悬臂梁试验测得的力-位移曲线基础上,现有的大部分理论将断裂韧性取为常数来预测层间开裂行为,导致仿真结果与试验测试存在较大偏差。为了完善现有的复合材料层合板脱层理论,采用经典梁理论和断裂力学理论,分析了纤维增强复合材料层合板的双悬臂测试。此外,考虑脱层过程中纤维桥接效应,利用双线性内聚力模型开展相应的数值模拟,数值结果与已有的理论预测以及试验测试进行了对比。结果表明,纤维桥接使得断裂韧性增加,模拟得到的力-位移曲线与试验测试结果非常吻合,因而在模拟中考虑纤维桥接效应对临界能量释放率进行修正可以更准确地预测裂纹起始和扩展过程。