二元收扩喷管气动方案优化设计

为掌握二元收扩喷管气动特性和设计方法,通过数值模拟方法对采用超椭圆方程进行圆转方过渡的小宽高比二元收扩喷管进行研究。计算分析了喉道宽高比、圆转方段长度、收敛调节片长度及扩张调节片长度4个参数对二元收扩喷管气动性能的影响,通过对上述4个参数的优化得出了综合性能较优的二元收扩喷管气动方案。研究结果表明:经过适当优化,二元收扩喷管能够满足工程应用要求,同时,鉴于其在隐身和矢量推进等方面的优势,有必要对其开展更加深入地研究。     

A novel method for solving shortest tool length based on compressing 3D check surfaces relative to tool postures

Solving the shortest tool length quickly under a known tool trajectory in multi-axis machining of complex channel parts is an urgent problem in industrial production. To solve this problem, a novel and efficient method is proposed which is featured by extracting only a few necessary curves from the check surface instead of sampling the entire surface. By rotating and compressing the 3D check surface relative to all tool postures, the boundaries of the area occupied by the 2D compressed surfaces are the essential elements for determining the shortest tool length. A tracking-based numerical algorithm is introduced to efficiently solve the silhouette curves which are formed in compressing. To define the multi-taper shaped tool holding system (THS) which is commonly used in production, a characterization model for THS profile is established. A model for solving the shortest tool length is finally constructed based on the critical interference relationship between the THS profile and all compressed boundary curves. For acceleration, the boundary splines are segmented according to their knot vectors. Then a new concept called the axis-aligned tool length box (AATB) is introduced, which can provide a conservative range of tool length for a spline segment. By scanning the AATBs of all spline segments, the very few effective spline segments that may ultimately determine the shortest tool length are filtered out. This acceleration method makes the solution for the shortest tool length more focused and efficient. The results of experimental examples are also reported to validate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.     

变形翼面内变形的研究现状及关键技术

变形机翼作为未来飞机设计的重要发展方向之一，其机翼面内变形的研究已得到广泛的关注。本文分别从变展长、变掠角、变弦长、组合变形四个方面进行分析，阐述面内变形机翼的国内外研究现状，归纳总结变形机理及优缺点，分析其发展趋势。针对该领域的研究现状以及变形机翼的应用要求，提出变形机翼亟待解决的关键技术，包括变形蒙皮技术、变形机构、智能驱动器、传感器及控制网络，阐述各关键技术的应用要求，分析其现存问题，并对未来发展方向进行归纳；以期为面内变形机翼的设计和应用实现提供部分参考。     

Improving aircraft aerodynamic performance with bionic wing obtained by ice shape modulation

For Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with limited electrical power to achieve effectively anti-/de-icing at the leading edge of the wing, a strategy of ice shape modulation was proposed. Isolated simulated ice shape pieces printed by 3D printing technology are mounted on a NACA0012 finite wing model, and its lift/drag coefficients and suction-side velocity fields are measured by the six-component force balance and the Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV), respectively. The ratio of the spanwise length of a single ice shape piece to chord length and the spanwise length of the non-icing area between the two adjacent single ice shape pieces are defined as dimensionless ice shape length (w/c) and dimensionless modulation ratio (w/λ), respectively. The results indicate that for a fixed w/λ, the wing lift coefficient first increases and then drops with increasing w/c, and a peak value exists when w/c is between 0.1 and 0.2. The lower the w/λ is, the higher the wing lift coefficient will be. The periodical variation of the flow separation area along the spanwise direction is attributed on the one hand to the acceleration effect of the flow field in the non-icing area which reduces the separation area, and on the other hand to the cross-flow caused by the streamwise vortices from the non-icing area to the icing area which promotes the mixing of the flow field (similar to vortex generators). The obtained modulation law is verified through flight tests and provides guidance for the use of ice shape modulation scheme for UAVs that cannot be completely anti-/de-icing under severe weather conditions.     

光纤环非互易相位误差尾纤补偿方法研究CSCD

针对光纤环的热致非互易误差的补偿方法进行研究,并通过仿真分析与实验验证,证明了某种光纤环尾纤长度与光纤环热致非互易误差之间的关系。根据等效介质理论和Mohr理论,建立了光纤环热致非互易相位误差仿真分析模型,并利用该模型计算了不同温度环境条件下,某类型光纤环顺逆时针方向光纤长度发生变化时,陀螺仪输出的全温零位漂移的变化量。仿真及实验结果表明,在1℃/min温变速率条件下,总长约800m的光纤环圈顺逆时针方向光纤长度相差约0.5m时,光纤环全温零位漂移量缩小了0.4(°)/h。研究结果得出了针对此类型的光纤环,当光纤环尾纤每减少0.5m,其热致非互易相位误差减小0.4(°)/h的规律。该项研究成果为后续优化光纤环的全温精度奠定了基础。     

基于改进狼群算法的多无人机协同多目标分配CSCD

针对现代空战多无人机协同多目标任务分配问题,结合标准狼群算法,提出了一种改进狼群算法的多目标任务分配方法。根据狼群的不同分工以及搜索属性,建立了基于自主游走机制的头狼产生规则、基于多策略知识库的探狼游走机制和基于自适应步长的猛狼奔袭及围攻方式,从而对传统狼群算法的随机性进行智能化约束与控制,以解决多无人机协同多目标任务分配问题。数值仿真结果表明,该方法能够快速有效获得任务分配方案,避免陷入局部最优。     

气液比对气液同轴离心式喷嘴缩进室内流动过程的影响

为了研究气液同轴离心式喷嘴缩进室内部非定常流动过程,采用Level Set和VOF相耦合的方法结合网格自适应技术对缩进长度为8 mm的液体中心式气液同轴离心式喷嘴流动过程进行了数值仿真研究,计算得到了较为精细的液膜一次破碎过程、流场结构和压力振荡特性。结果表明：液膜的破碎模式受气液比的影响较大,随气液比的增加,液膜破碎模式由曲张表面波主导的破碎变为穿孔破碎。此外,清晰获得了自激振荡过程,分析了缩进室内部压力场及速度场分布特征,研究发现随着气体压降增加,气体环缝出口会出现膨胀波和激波,形成一个“扇环形”的超声速流场区域；激波后气流分离,出现旋涡,形成局部高压区,旋涡中心随激波面周期性地上下移动,致使局部压力出现周期性振荡。