The electron formations under the radiation belts at L-shells 1.2–1.9

We continue to analyze the distribution of electron fluxes with energy 30–500 keV under the radiation belts at low and middle latitudes (L = 1.2–1.9) using experimental data obtained onboard ACTIVE satellite. Special attention is given to altitudinal distribution of electron fluxes and detailed analysis of these electron formations. We observe three main regions of electron flux registration that seem to exist constantly under the radiation belts. These regions are: magneto-conjugated to SAA region (in the north hemisphere), local zone of low intense electron flux accumulation to the west of SAA, and extensive region in the north hemisphere to the east. The analysis of experimental data obtained from ACTIVE satellite (orbit height 500–2500 km) shows that electron fluxes are registered in the wide altitude range up to 1100 km. It is shown that these formations have complicated initial structure with two regions of flux maximums: at L = 1.3 and L = 1.6–1.8. We compare particle data with low frequency (LF) data (ARIEL-4 satellite) and high frequency (HF) data (CORONAS-I satellite). Also we discuss the possible mechanisms of the appearance of these formations under the radiation belts.     

Determination of reconnected flux via remote sensing

Magnetic reconnection is one of the most fundamental processes in the magnetosphere. We present here a simple method to determine the essential parameters of reconnection such as reconnected flux and location of the reconnection site out of single spacecraft data via remote sensing. On the basis of a time-dependent reconnection model, the dependence of the reconnected flux on the magnetic field z-component B_z is shown. The integral of B_z over time is proportional to the reconnected flux and depends on the distance between the reconnection site and the actual position where B_z is measured. This distance can be estimated from analysis of magnetic field B_z data. We apply our method to Cluster measurements in the Earth’s magnetotail.     

晶界研究的现状和发展

综述了晶界理论的发展概况,包括相符点阵CSL(Coincidence Site Lattice)、O-点阵和DSC(Displacement Shift Completely)点阵等晶界模型的物理概念。对晶界研究的若干实验技术及其应用发展进行了简明介绍和评述。对晶界问题的当前研究动向进行了初步归纳。     

Assessing the Risk of Orbital Debris Impact

A Space Debris Impact Risk Analysis Tool (SDIRAT) was developed and implemented to assess the orbital debris impact risk on a specified target in Earth orbit, in terms of flux, relative velocity, impact velocity, direction of the incoming particles, debris mass and diameter. Based on a deterministic approach, SDIRAT uses a realistic orbital debris population where each representative particle is identified by its rectangular coordinates (position and velocity) at a reference epoch. Using this information, some geometrical algorithms were developed and implemented to evaluate the contribution of each particle to the incoming flux. The position of the particle with respect to a specified target drives the selection criteria to reject, or select, it as a possible projectile. On the other hand, the relative velocity vector can be used to estimate the impact direction of the incoming flux. SDIRAT was conceived as a general tool for a variety of scenarios, such as low circular and elliptical orbits, up to the geosynchronous ring. This paper presents some examples of possible applications, including the computation of the incoming debris flux on SAX (low Earth orbit), SIRIO (geosynchronous orbit) and the IRIS upper stage (elliptical orbit). Other applications assess the impact risk for the Soviet Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellites Cosmos 1900 and Cosmos 1932.     

微型涡流发生器控制超临界翼型边界层分离实验研究

在低速风洞中研究了微型涡流发生器对超临界翼型边界层分离的控制。根据超临界翼型边界层分离特性,提出了涡流发生器的流动机理。研究了梯形涡流发生器不同高度和弦向位置对边界层分离控制效果的影响。研究表明,微型涡流发生器对超临界翼型边界层分离的控制主要起减阻作用;适宜采用微型涡流发生器对超临界翼型边界层分离进行控制,其最佳位置应在分离线前2～5日涡流发生器高度之间。     

红外灯阵热流分布仿真优化研究

利用蒙特卡洛法计算了红外单灯热流分布,并据此建立了数据库,综合考虑红外灯直射热流、挡板反射率以及间隙漏光量等影响因素,得到红外灯阵热流分布.将红外灯空间坐标作为待优化参数,利用遗传算法对灯阵热流分布进行优化计算.文章对某型卫星真空热试验用红外灯阵进行了优化计算,根据优化结果对实际灯阵进行安装并测试热流均匀性,得到的实际...     

毛细管束中层流粘性振荡流强化传热的若干问题

本文是作者从事振荡管流换热研究的总结。研究结果表明:流体在管内作轴向振荡运动时,可以极大地强化轴向的传热。本文给出了计及管壁效应的振荡管流换热的精确解析解,公布了变Pr数的实验结果。在此基础上,讨论了影响振荡管流轴向换热的6个无因次参数的物理含义,并指出其中的某些无因次参数在物理本质上就是傅里叶数的倒数的平方根,这将有利于理解振荡管流换热这种非定常换热过程。由本文的精确解析解,经过简化,可以得到国内外已公布的近似解。实验数据和解析解预言的基本规律符合很好。     

10°尖锥转捩诱导负荷的实验研究

当θｃ＝１０°之尖锥边界层出现转捩流态时,由于背风面与迎风面边界层转捩的不对称性所诱导的气动负荷,包括诱导法向力,诱导俯仰力矩,以及诱导法向力的作用点要随雷诺数而变化,转捩诱导法向力的存在,证实边界层转捩会在物面上诱导出压力增量,即存在着转捩诱导压力。     

三元二次样条函数及其计算（Ⅰ）——高维数据拟合

半节点二次样条是Ｃ１类连续的,其二阶导函数是阶梯函数,在半节点处产生跳跃。鉴于此,本文利用最小二乘法,获得了一种半节点二次插值样条边界条件确定方法,该方法可以保证二次插值样条在半节点处二阶导数的变化最小,这相当于保证了曲率的变化最小。为了适应四维数据插值的需要,给出了三元二次插值样条的定义及基样条表示,提出了一种边界条件,证明了其存在唯一性。最后把二次插值样条边界条件确定方法推广到三元二次插值样条上去,获得了三元二次插值样条边界条件的确定方法。该方法的意义是,可以直接从插值条件获得边界条件,从而克服了多元样条边界条件难以确定的困难