TEST OF BOARD LEVEL BOUNDARY SCAN INTEGRITY

ＩＥＥＥ１１４９．１边界扫描为数字电路板级测试提供了所需的对内部节点的控制和观察能力。但是,边界扫描测试结构本身的完整性必须首先加以检测,以保证其他功能测试和诊断结果的正确性。本文论述了板级边界扫描测试存取口的故障模型和测试原理,并针对全边界扫描印制板提出了一种故障覆盖率高、测试时间短的测试算法。     

A working hypothesis for connections between electrically-induced changes in cloud microphysics and storm vorticity,with possible effects on circulation

This paper outlines, and explores the uncertainties in, hypothesized connections between a series of processes that could explain two long-standing puzzles; those of (1) the observed winter storm vorticity responses to atmospheric energy inputs that change the ionosphere–earth current density, J_z, that appear to involve storm invigoration, and (2) changes in anti-cyclonic blocking and circulation that include the observed colder winters in Great Britain and western Europe at solar minima, and especially at extended solar minima. A working hypothesis for the mechanism responsible for (1) is that the flow of J_z through conductivity gradients, as in stratified cloud layers and fog, especially with sea-salt aerosol haze over the high latitude winter oceans, deposits electric changes on droplets and aerosol particles; most importantly on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). These electric charges modulate scavenging of the particles in clouds and haze layers, increasing the concentration of small CCN and decreasing the concentration of large CCN. When further cloud formation occurs there is increased concentration of small droplets and decreased concentration of large ones, reducing coalescence and the production of rain. Thus updrafts carry more liquid water above the freezing level, and there the increased production of ice releases more latent heat and invigorates the updraft (the Rosenfeld mechanism), leading to increased vorticity. Here we explore the major uncertainties for the reality of the above chain of physical processes. A consequence of cumulative cyclonic vorticity increases is increases in downstream anti-cyclonic blocking. A further working hypothesis for (2) is that the invigoration may be large enough to contribute to the observed increases in blocking in winters at solar minima (high J_z) in the North Atlantic, that result in colder winters in the UK and northern Europe.     

非线性边界条件的Burgers－KdV方程的静态解

对几类非线性边值条件，讨论了Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ－ＫｄＶ方程的边值问题的静态解的存在性和解的个数．借助不动点定理，证明了该边值问题至少有一个，至多有有限个静态解．     

CONTROL OF TWO DIMENSIONAL JETS USING MINIATURE ZERO MASS FLUX JETS

Zero mass flux jets, synthesized by acoustic actuators, have been used for the purpose of jet mixing enhancement and jet vectoring. Zero mass flux jets composed of entirely entrained fluid allow momentum transfer into the embedding flow. In the present experiments, miniature-scale high aspect ratio actuator jets are placed along the long sides and near the exit plane of a primary two-dimensional jet. In different modes, the primary jet can be vectored either towards or away from the actuator jets and the jet mixing is enhanced. The disturbance of the excitation frequency is developed while the unstable frequency of the primary jet is completely suppressed.     

考虑轨道摄动的外热流计算分析

为改进传统外热流算法未考虑外热流经多次反射后的吸收和国外商业软件未考虑轨道摄动及太阳矢量变化对外热流的影响等不足,重新定义了外热流角系数和外热流辐射传递因子,综合SGP4轨道模型和Gebhart方法,给出了考虑摄动等因素的辐射传递因子和轨道外热流计算模型,以及相应的计算流程。通过仿真分析论证了考虑多次反射及摄动等因素的重要性。     

斜激波极值规律的边界层影响

采用边界层理论与斜激波/膨胀波精确算法，建立一种结合Eckert参考温度法和Illingworth-Stewartson变换法优势的边界层权重算法，用于研究超声速黏性楔面边界层位移厚度对斜激波极值规律的影响。分别应用层流Navier-Stokes方程和湍流Navier-Stokes方程的CFD解算器对边界层新模型进行了算例精度评估。在来流马赫数为1.2~2.4和楔面角为3°~20°的范围内，压强比的相对误差小于0.1%。计入层流与湍流边界层影响的理论模型研究表明，边界层影响使得最优马赫数增加；对于层流边界层，最优马赫数增量约为0.001 5~0.003 3；对于湍流边界层，最优马赫数增量约为0.002 8~0.006 1。     

多跑道内水平障碍物限制面边界确定方法

对机场多跑道系统的障碍物限制面——内水平面的边界确定方法进行了系统研究。通过将N条（N≥3）复杂构形跑道简化为2N个点集，根据国际民航组织内水平面障碍物限制面形成原理并利用多边形凹凸性几何特征，给出了内水平面边界的确定方法和计算步骤。     

增升状态下的全机位流数值模拟

研究了势流理论下的全机增升装置复杂外形气动力数值计算方法,该方法以低阶面元法为基础,具有计算量小、速度快的优点.复杂流动的粘性效应主要通过附面层粘性修正技术加以体现.采用该方法对某增升装置翼身组合体外形压力分布特性进行计算,并和风洞实验数据相比较,验证了方法的正确性和实用性.在此基础上对某型飞机真实复杂外形的压力分布特性进行了计算,为复杂外形飞行器增升装置的初步设计、方案选型与评估提供了非常理想的工程技术手段.     

几种常用格式和湍流模型在高速流动中的适用性研究

针对高超声速飞行器中存在的强激波、激波/边界层干扰、分离、湍流等复杂流动现象,对比分析了当前计算流体力学中的主要空间离散格式及湍流模型,发现不同格式对强激波的分辨率基本相同,Roe和LDE(low diffusion E-CUSP(convective upwind split pressure))格式对摩擦因数和传热系数的模拟优于其他格式;S-A(Spalart-Allmaras)一方程湍流模型计算的摩擦因数比k-ωSST(shear stress transport)两方程湍流模型高10%左右,而后者预测的分离区约为前者的2倍,且分离点靠前.     

椭圆形切扇修形对波瓣混合器掺混性能影响

在保证面积不变的情况下,选取不同的长轴、短轴,对波瓣混合器进行椭圆形切扇修形,研究切口深度与宽度对波瓣混合器掺混性能的影响规律。使用商用 CFD 软件对流场进行数值模拟。结果显示,对波瓣侧壁进行切扇处理会加强流向涡的强度,切扇越深,流向涡强度越大;切扇波瓣流向涡的耗散速率要大于基准波瓣混合器的流向涡耗散速率,预示着更为高效的掺混;引射系数与切口深度成正比,而总压恢复系数与切口深度成反比。考察了两种衡量热混合效率的模型并对其信度进行了比较,发现在 x =0.4 m 之前切扇可以提高热混合效率,而在 x =0.4 m 之后,基准波瓣混合器热混合效率要大于切扇波瓣混合器。