瞬态压力测量中通道效应的修正(英文)

某些情况下，在测试瞬态压力时必然包含有连接通道，内燃机示功图的测量就是一个典型的例子。但是通道的气动特性使测录的压力波发生畸变，本文考虑了通道中的非定常、非等熵流动，并且提出了一种特殊的逆特征线法用于对畸变直接进行校正，实验结果显示通道的畸变效应可以得到完全的修正。另外，本文指出在传感器的安装、维护、寿命和抗热冲击等方面，连接通道的存在反而是有利的。     

航空活塞发动机机体疲劳优化设计方法

机体可靠性差是航空活塞发动机适航取证过程中的技术难题。以某型发动机下机体为研究对象,通 过模型仿真得到机体的瞬态载荷曲线并进行拟合,按实际安装对其进行约束,采用 Goodman方法进行高周疲 劳分析,计算机体疲劳安全系数;提出一种分离式主轴盖的设计方法,优化下机体结构,在相同载荷的条件进行 对比分析;采用威布尔数学模型对机体可靠性指标进行计算验证,并对优化后的机体进行耐久测试。结果表 明:下机体疲劳安全系数、整机寿命、可靠性大幅提升,该设计方法对提高类似结构可靠性有一定的借鉴意义。     

光信号眼图校准模块设计

介绍一种新型光信号眼图校准模块的设计方法,给出了眼图测量的参数、眼图校准模块设计原理和试验装置的选择思路,充分考虑了可调谐激光器的出光功率、偏振方向、光调制启、微波放大器引入的误差以及被测设备自身的抖动、时基误差等因素,通过开展上升时间测试和抖动测试,分析了光接收机的带宽、抖动对标准眼图的影响,最后给出了试验结果,分析光信号的眼高度、眼宽度、消光比、光调制幅度、抖动与码速率、码长度、误码率参数的关系。     

Young Children's Perception of Diagrammatic Representations

Diagrams and pictorial representations are common in children's lives and require abstraction away from visual perception. In three experiments, we investigated 4- to 8-year-olds’ comprehension of such representations. In Experiment 1 (N = 80), children were shown photographs of geometric objects and asked to choose the corresponding line drawing from among sets of four, or vice versa. Results showed considerable developmental progression, especially around age 6. Experiment 2 (N = 16) ruled out that 4-year-olds’ difficulties were due to problems with the visual matching task itself. Experiment 3 (N = 32) showed comparable performance for matching diagrams to 3D objects rather than to photographs. Findings suggest increasing understanding of diagrammatic representations around the time of school entry.     

变转速旋翼直升机单发失效低速回避区分析

利用最优控制方法研究变转速旋翼直升机在遭遇单发失效时,旋翼转速对自转着陆低速回避区的影响。首先,以UH-60A直升机为样机,建立三维刚体飞行动力学模型,并分析低速范围内旋翼转速对直升机需用功率的影响。然后,在模型中加入单发失效后自转着陆阶段发动机输出功率以及旋翼转速变化方程,并利用直接多重打靶法将直升机单发失效后的自转着陆过程转换为非线性最优控制问题进行数值求解。最后,基于最小化回避区面积的思想,得到并分析直升机在不同旋翼转速下单发失效后的自转着陆低速回避区,以及回避区高悬停点、拐点和低悬停点对应的最优着陆轨迹和操纵过程。结果表明：随着旋翼转速的降低,直升机单发失效后的低速回避区首先会逐渐缩小,然后迅速增大。最小回避区对应的旋翼转速略高于最小需用功率对应的旋翼转速。适当降低旋翼转速不仅能有效降低直升机的需用功率,还有利于提高直升机单发失效后的自转着陆性能。     

STDMA数据链系统的动态时隙分配研究

针对典型的STDMA时隙分配方案进行了改进,地面主控站实现了根据用户的紧急或优先级高低的预约请求进行实时分配,并支持用户占用时隙块发送较长报文的需求。仿真表明,该方案改善了延时性能,适合突发应急报文的传输需要。     

Simplification approaches for multi-level load spectra by using equivalent damage rule

Reasonable and effective fatigue load spectrum is key of aircraft structural fatigue test. Two kinds of load spectra simplification approaches based on statistical consistent fatigue damage model are proposed in the paper. One method is to simplify the original multi-level load spectra to spectral load with fewer level and was verified by the experimental data of five levels and seven levels load spectra. The equivalent damage here is not equivalent fatigue life, but equivalent number of spectral blocks. Moreover, it was proved that a section of low stress load cannot be converted into the highest stress load considering equivalent damage. The other is to convert the life distribution under multi-level load spectra into that of constant amplitude spectrum according to a certain principle, that is, equivalent damage is achieved through equivalent fatigue life, and two groups of three levels spectral data were used for experimental verification. The results show that equivalent damage simplification approach of multi-level load spectra is feasible, and it achieve that the damage of one loading block before and after the simplification is equal in probability statistics. The life distribution of load simplified as constant amplitude spectrum is consistent with test data. The simplification method presented in this paper can be generalized and is a predictive engineering method which does not depend on experimental data.     

只含有一个非平凡块连通图的计数

利用组合理论和图的计数理论,讨论了只含有一个非平凡块的连通图的计数问题,给出了新的结论。     

基于方向自适应菱形搜索的运动估计算法

基于对运动矢量分布特性的研究,提出了一种基于方向自适应菱形搜索的运动估计算法.该算法对搜索起始点进行预测;设置"双阈值",针对匹配块提前中止搜索;并根据运动特征,自适应地选择小菱形模板和4种新型的方向自适应菱形模板,具有强烈的搜索方向性.实验结果证明,该算法不仅大幅度地减少了平均搜索点数,而且在一定程度上提高了重建图像的信噪比,其搜索速度和精度均优于传统的快速运动估计算法.      

一种交互式分区网格的生成方法和软件

介绍了一个具有交互性能的网格生成系统--BIGG系统。它是采用Windows环境下的C++语言与Fortran语言混合编程技术开发的,具有界面友好、显示灵活、交互性能强等特点。网格生成实例表明,采用BIGG软件可以缩短网格生成的周期,提高网格生成的质量。