直升机/粒子分离器一体化流场特性: 第二部分 桨盘载荷的影响

采用等效盘模型与全三维黏性仿真相结合的方法,对旋翼下洗流干扰下直升机/粒子分离器的一体化流场特性进行了仿真研究.验证了ROBIN(rotor body interaction)模型,对类“阿帕奇”直升机/粒子分离器进行了大、小前进比时不同桨盘载荷下的一体化流场特性仿真,并对比了一体化条件、孤立条件下粒子分离器工作特性差异.结果表明:小前进比时下洗流对粒子分离器进口的分离流结构影响较大,且下洗流携带动能的叠加使得一体化条件下扫气流出口的总压损失反而比独立粒子分离器低;较大前进比状态下,下洗流干扰使得齿轮箱外罩鼓包后的分离区位置向两侧偏移,范围相比无桨盘载荷状态有所扩大,不过其对粒子分离器气动性能参数的影响并不明显.      

高温合金涡轮盘坯锭的喷射成形与工艺因素分析

喷射成形作为一种新型快速凝固技术，是适于新型高温合金涡轮盘类坯锭制备的先进金属成形工艺。采用该技术制备的高温合金坯锭具有组织细小均匀、无宏观偏析、改善热加工性和提高材料的使用性能等优点。介绍了喷射成形技术的工艺特点和技术先进性，着重分析了该工艺的重要工艺影响因素及相互关系，并指出其进一步研究的发展趋势。     

Topology optimization of turbine disk considering maximum stress prediction and constraints

For the stress-constrained topology optimization of a turbine disk under centrifugal loads, the jagged boundaries of the mesh and the gray densities on the solid/void interfaces could make the calculated stress field inconsistent with the actual value. It may result in overestimating the maximum stress and thus affect the effectiveness of stress constraints. This paper proposes a new method for predicting the maximum stress to overcome the difficulty. In the process, a predicted density is newly defined to obtain stable boundaries with thin layers of gray elements, a transition factor is innovatively proposed to evaluate the effects of intermediate-density elements, two different stiffness penalty schemes are flexibly used to calculate the elastic modulus of elements, and a linear stress penalty is further adopted to relax the stress field of the structure. The proposed approach for predicting the maximum stress value is verified by the analysis of a structure with smooth boundaries and the topology optimization of a turbine disk. An updating scheme of the stress constraint in the topology optimization is also developed using the predicted maximum stress. Some key ingredients affecting the optimization results are discussed in detail. The results prove the effectiveness and efficacy of the proposed maximum stress prediction and developed stress constraint methods.     

预旋结构对空间布雷顿循环涡轮盘表面换热特性的影响

针对空间核动力航天器涡轮盘表面温度过高和温度梯度较大的情况，提出了一种预旋涡轮盘冷却结构。采用数值模拟的方法对比分析了有无预旋2种冷却结构下的涡轮盘表面换热特性，研究了旋转雷诺数对换热效果的影响。计算结果表明:与无预旋结构相比，预旋结构可以有效地提高氦氙冷却气流与涡轮盘的对流换热系数，降低其表面最高温度和温度梯度，最高温降可达63.1 K。随着旋转雷诺数增大，涡轮盘表面最高温度降低，轮盘表面平均换热系数增大，采用预旋结构的表面平均换热系数比无预旋结构增大13.4%。