类乘波体飞行器的气动力工程计算

为估算高超声速类乘波体飞行器的纵向气动力,以三角形面元逼近飞行器外形,根据飞行器迎/背风面情况分别采用达黑姆-巴克法、普朗特-迈耶耳法、切锥法和膨胀波方法计算无粘气动力;通过经验公式估算粘性阻力,并考虑飞行器主要部件之间的气动干扰情况,计算了翼片之间、翼身之间的气动干扰因子,得到整个飞行器的气动力。为验证该方法,以某飞行器为例进行了计算,计算结果与CFD吻合。     

Self-consistent amplitude profile of ducted VLF transmitter signal due to resonant interaction with energetic electrons in the magnetosphere

Of the various sources of whistler waves in the magnetosphere, the signals from terrestrial VLF transmitters are apparently the simplest for theoretical analysis. The role of these signals in the acceleration and pitch-angle scattering of energetic electrons in the Earth’s radiation belts has not been fully studied quantitatively, despite many decades of relevant research. The main problem in studying this issue is that to calculate the acceleration and pitch-angle scattering of particles, it is necessary to know the spatial profile of the signal amplitude. This is especially critical for phase-trapped particles, for which the energy exchange with the wave is the most significant. At the same time, the wave amplitude profile itself is determined by the interaction of the wave with resonant particles. Thus, we are dealing with a self-consistent problem, which is described by a nonlinear system of equations - a kinetic equation for the distribution function of resonant particles with a self-consistent field, and an equation for the wave field, in which the nonlinear and non-local growth rate is determined by the distribution function of resonant particles. In this paper, we develop an approach to solving this system of equations and the corresponding physical problem using the method of successive approximations.     

三维喷流流场中固体颗粒效应的粒子仿真方法研究

采用粒子仿真跟踪颗粒相运动轨迹，采用高效ENO格式求解NS方程，数值模拟了有攻角条件下含颗粒相的横向喷流与超音速物体绕流形成的干扰流场。结果表明上述方法是研究气－相两相流动的有效途径，颗粒相存在对喷流流场结构及物体所受的气动力和气动热具有一定影响。     

直升机机身对旋翼气动干扰的计算

建立了一个全耦合的机身对旋翼气动干扰的迭代计算方法。在该方法中，使用自由涡系模型代表旋翼对干扰流场的影响，使用三维面元模型替代机身的作用，并采用了一个基于“分析数值解匹配”方法的贴近涡／面干扰模型以改进机身引起尾迹畸变的计算。应用该分析方法，以Maryland大学4片桨叶的模型旋翼和机身为算例，计算了悬停和前飞状态机身对旋翼的气动干扰影响。计算结果表明，机身对旋翼气动干扰在悬停和前飞时是不同的，且从悬停至前飞，机身对旋翼平面某方位的诱导速度存在一个从上洗至下洗的过渡。     

翼身组合体上的侧向喷流作用特性

研究了一种翼身组合体构型在亚、跨、超声速条件下的几种侧向喷流作用情况。通过在构型的不同部位开设喷口，实验观察了喷口布局、喷流动量比及来流马赫数等对喷流作用的影响。结果表明，马赫数和喷口布局均有显著影响，但本文定义的用来度量相互作用特性的喷流增益因子却基本与动量比无关。此外，对比分析了单独体构型和翼身组合体构型上的作用特性之差异，进一步揭示了主流、喷流在二者相互作用中的地位和影响。本结果对认识侧向喷流干扰特性、开发高效喷流姿态控制技术等有一定参考意义。     

Flows and obstacles in the solar wind

Understanding the physics of the various disturbances in the solar wind is critical to successful forecasts of space weather. The STEREO mission promises to bring us new and deeper understanding of these disturbances. As we stand on the threshold of the first results from this mission, it is appropriate to review what we know about solar wind disturbances. Because of their complementary nature we discuss both the disturbances that arise within the solar wind due to the stream structure and coronal mass ejecta and the disturbances that arise when the solar wind collides with planetary obstacles, such as magnetospheres.     

Numerical Simulation of Rotor-aerodynamic Surface Interaction in Hover Using Moving Chimera Grid

Three-dimensional unsteady Navier-Stokes equations are numerically solved to simulate the aerodynamic interaction of rotor, canard and horizontal tail in hover based on moving chimera grid. The variations of unsteady aerodynamic forces and moments of the canard and horizontal tail with respect to the rotor azimuth are analyzed with the deflection angle set at 0° and 50°, respectively. The pressure map of aerodynamic surfaces and velocity vector distribution of flow field are investigated to get better understanding of the unsteady aerodynamic interaction. The result shows that the canard and horizontal tail present different characteristics under the downwash of the rotor. The canard produces much vertical force loss with low amplitude fluctuation. Contrarily, the horizontal tail, which is within the flow field induced by the down wash of the rotor, produces only less vertical force loss, but the amplitudes of the lift and pitching moment are larger, implying that a potential deflection angle scheme in hover is 50° for the canard and 0° for the horizontal tail.     

流固耦合动力学问题中大位移耦合界面条件的处理方法

本文讨论了流固耦合问题中的大位耦合界面条件的处理方法，边类界面条件包括移动斜面界面条件及移动曲面界面条件。计算了在水面的二维刚性浮体的非线性振动问题，证实了此处理方法的可行性，可以用来解决具有大位移耦合界面条件的非线性流固耦合动力学问题。     

双T型量子线的电子自旋极化输运性质

文章研究了一个由两个T型异质结串联耦合量子结构的自旋输运性质。该结构中含有Rashba自旋轨道耦合相互作用。在工作中,计算了电子在自旋极化入射和自旋非极化入射两种情况下,电子在出射端的自旋极化率随体系结构的变化。发现通过适当的设计结构,当电子自旋非极化入射时,在出射端可以得到高达0.9的自旋极化率。其物理机制来源于体系结构引起的电子干涉使自旋向上的电子和自旋向下的电子有不同的透射率。