涡轮叶片尾缘通道中纵向肋对换热特性的影响

采用冷凝水蒸汽的实验方法,测量三种不同类型纵向肋对叶片尾缘通道的换热影响.系统的研究了孔径为2.6mm的带孔平肋,波峰孔径为3mm、波谷孔径为2.2mm的波浪肋,和不带孔平肋之间的换热和流阻比较,实验结果表明:当Re<20000时,波浪肋的换热优于带孔平肋,当Re>50000时,波浪肋换热不及不带孔平肋.且波浪肋流阻远低于不带孔平肋和带孔平肋.      

基于遗传算法的旋转机翼飞机机翼优化设计

将基于实数编码的遗传算法与能准确描述翼型粘性流动的NS方程以及旋翼气动分析模型结合起来,以旋翼最大悬停效率作为优化设计的目标对旋转机翼飞机的机翼进行优化设计,设计结果表明通过优化设计旋翼的气动性能得到了提高,达到了优化设计的目的,旋翼优化设计方法是可行的.     

低成本捷联惯导不对称动态误差的神经网络补偿

 针对低成本捷联惯导系统(SINS)中陀螺动态误差的不对称性在角振动条件下造成姿态漂移的问题,设计了多层前向神经网络的补偿模型。在标定模型参数时,为降低对外部参考信号测量精度的要求,提出用姿态解算的最终误差作为网络优化目标的训练方法。由于最终的姿态误差不是网络的期望输出,无法采用有导师的训练方法,为此采用了微粒群优化算法。仿真实验结果表明:补偿后的陀螺动态误差的不对称度减小了一个数量级。     

基于物理规划的高超声速飞行器滑翔式再入轨迹优化

 轨迹优化是新型高超声速滑翔式再入飞行器方案设计的关键技术之一。物理规划方法能够以较低的计算代价获得设计者偏好的多目标优化问题的折中解。基于该方法研究滑翔式再入最优飞行轨迹。首先介绍物理规划方法求解多目标优化问题的数学模型,然后将考虑射程最大、热载最小、热流密度峰值最小和弹道最稳定4个目标的再入最优轨迹问题纳入物理规划的框架求解。以某带翼锥形再入飞行器为例,通过计算并分析单目标优化结果,确定具体的偏好结构,采用遗传算法求解了考虑热流、过载、动压和终端条件约束的多目标最优轨迹。优化计算结果验证了物理规划方法的有效性。分析了沿最优轨迹飞行的物理原因和基本迎角控制规律,可为滑翔式再入飞行器的最优轨迹方案设计提供依据。     

一种高效的基于可靠性的多学科设计优化方法(英文)

Design for modem engineering system is becoming multidisciplinary and incorporates practical uncertainties; therefore, it is necessary to synthesize reliability analysis and the multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） techniques for the design of complex engineering system. An advanced first order second moment method-based concurrent subspace optimization approach is proposed based on the comparison and analysis of the existing multidisciplinary optimization techniques and the reliability analysis methods. It is seen through a canard configuration optimization for a three-surface transport that the proposed method is computationally efficient and practical with the least modification to the current deterministic optimization process.     

Design of nanofluid-cooled heat sink using topology optimization

The paper presented topology optimization of 2D and 3D Nanofluid-Cooled Heat Sink (NCHS). The flow and heat transfer problem in the NCHS was treated as a single-phase nanofluid based convective heat transfer model. The temperature-dependent fluid properties were taken into account in the model due to the strong temperature-dependent features of nanofluids. An average temperature minimum problem was studied subject to the fluid area and energy dissipation constraints by using the density method. In the method, the design variable is updated according to the gradient information obtained by an adjoint based sensitivity analysis process. The effects of the energy dissipation constraint, temperature-dependent fluid properties and nanofluid characteristics on optimal configurations of NCHS were numerically investigated with following conclusions. Firstly, branched flow channels in the optimal configuration increased with the rise of the allowed energy dissipation. Secondly, temperature-dependent fluid properties were significant for obtaining the appropriate optimal results with best cooling performance. Thirdly, heat transfer performances of optimal configurations were enhanced by reducing the nanoparticle diameter or increasing the nanoparticle volume fraction. Fourthly, the optimal configuration for nanofluid had better cooling performance than that for its base fluid.     

A wall-thickness compensation strategy for wax pattern of hollow turbine blade

As an important index affecting the aerodynamic performance and the structural strength of hollow turbine blades, the wall-thickness precision of the blade is mainly inherited from the positional relationship between the corresponding wax pattern and the internal ceramic core. However, due to locating errors, the actual position of ceramic core is always deviated from the ideal position, which makes it difficult to guarantee the wall-thickness precision of the wax pattern. To solve this problem, a wall-thickness compensation strategy is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on the industrial computed tomography (ICT) technique and curve matching algorithms, a model reconstruction method is developed, with which the 3D model of a trial wax pattern can be easily constructed. After that, focusing on eliminating the wall-thickness errors of the trial wax pattern, an optimization method for the pose of the ceramic core in the wax pattern is proposed. Then, by mapping the optimal pose of the ceramic core to length adjustments of the locating rods, the wall-thickness errors of the wax pattern can be greatly reduced. A case study is also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed compensation strategy.     

分布式波浪前缘静子叶片对单级轴流风扇单音噪声影响的数值研究

为了适应逐年严苛的适航噪声标准，改善飞机噪声环境，突破航空发动机降噪技术的瓶颈，有必要开发新的降噪手段以指导叶轮机械降噪设计。本文采用URANS与FW-H方程混合方法，通过将波浪前缘构型运用在叶片流动损失较大、声源强度较强的部分后，进一步观察其气动性能和降噪效果。研究表明：与基准叶片相比，分布式波浪前缘静子叶片可以在1BPF（Blade Passing Frequency）时降低风扇入口声功率级0.67~1.9dB，2BPF时降低风扇入口声功率级1.87~4.18dB，3BPF时降低风扇入口声功率级2.4~6.8dB，同时，总压比最高提升0.027%，等熵效率最高提升0.28%。因此，分布式波浪前缘静子叶片在叶轮机械降噪方面有很好的运用前景。     

Effects of stability margin and thrust specific fuel consumption constrains on multi-disciplinary optimization for blended-wing-body design

Blended-Wing-Body(BWB) configuration, as an innovative transport concept, has become a worldwide research focus in the field of civil transports development. Relative to the conventional Tube-And-Wing(TAW) configuration, the BWB shows integrated benefits and serves as a most promising candidate for future ‘‘green aviation". The objective of the present work is to figure out the effects of the stability margin and Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption(TSFC) on the BWB design in the framework of Multi-Disciplinary Optimization(MDO). A physically-based platform was promoted to study the effect static stability margin and engine technology level. Low-order physically based models are applied to the evaluation of the weight and the aerodynamic performance. The modules and methods are illustrated in detail, and the validation of the methods shows feasibility and confidence for the conceptual design of BWB aircrafts. In order to find out the relation between planform changes and the selection of stability and engine technology level, two sets of optimizations are conducted separately. The study proves that these two factors have dominant effects towards the optimized BWB designs in both aerodynamic shapes, weight distribution, which needs to be considered during the MDO design process. A balance diagram analysis is applied to find out a reasonable static stability margin range. It can be concluded that a recommended stability margin of a practical BWB commercial aircraft can be half of that of a conventional TAW design.     

Hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design using modified sequential approximate optimization

Hypersonic vehicles are receiving increased attention within the aerospace community due to their high cruise speed and long-range capabilities. In this paper, a modified Sequential Approximate Optimization method is proposed for an optimized aerodynamic design of a hypersonic vehicle. As part of this approach, a constrained experimental design method is developed to handle the constraints more efficiently. A radial basis function is used to surrogate time-consuming CFD analysis. An efficient and more robust numerical mesh morphing scheme for the hypersonic vehicle is developed for the generation of high-quality meshes. Within this paper, a novel adaptive infilling strategy is proposed which uses an inaccurate search technique coupled with an elite archive. This allows the location of a more promising sample region and hence improves the surrogate accuracy, thereby further enhancing the optimization efficiency. A hypersonic vehicle aerodynamic design problem is solved using the proposed approach and satisfactory results are obtained at much lower computational costs. The lift-to-drag ratio is increased by 23.8% when compared with the base configuration while also satisfying the volume and lift constraints. The pressure and Mach contours have been compared with those of the base configuration and the results demonstrate the strength of the optimized configuration. The modified sequential approximate optimization for designing an improved hypersonic vehicle is worth referencing in future work.