直升机主桨叶的鸟撞有限元数值模拟

以某型直升机主桨叶为例,使用瞬态动力学分析软件(MSC.Dytran),采用先进的任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)流固耦合算法,进行鸟撞过程的数值模拟.模拟结果表明:撞击过程中的最大应力达到199MPa,没有超出桨叶材料的屈服极限.研究结果为桨叶的抗鸟撞损伤设计提供了参考.      

Mass and performance optimization of an airplane wing leading edge structure against bird strike using Taguchi-based grey relational analysis

Collisions between birds and aircraft are one of the most dangerous threats to flight safety. In this study, smoothed particles hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used for simulating the bird strike to an airplane wing leading edge structure. In order to verify the model, first, experiment of bird strike to a flat aluminum plate is simulated, and then bird impact on an airplane wing lead-ing edge structure is investigated. After that, considering dimensions of wing internal structural components like ribs, skin and spar as design variables, we try to minimize structural mass and wing skin deformation simultaneously. To do this, bird strike simulations to 18 different wing structures are made based on Taguchi’s L18 factorial design of experiment. Then grey relational analysis is used to minimize structural mass and wing skin deformation due to the bird strike. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) is also applied and it is concluded that the most significant parameter for the performance of wing structure against impact is the skin thickness. Finally, a validation simu-lation is conducted under the optimal condition to show the improvement of performance of the wing structure.     

基于热力耦合层合板雷击损伤特性分析

为研究复合材料层合板在雷电流作用下的烧蚀损伤力学特性,建立复合材料雷击热力耦合有限元分析模型,与文献实验结果对比验证模型的有效性。根据Hashin三维失效准则编写用户材料子程序,分别得出层合板雷击烧蚀区域周围出现的力学损伤、各层力学损伤分布以及首层在不同方向上的应力分布,分析得出层合板的烧蚀损伤随雷电流持续时间的变化规律。结果表明:由于存在较高的温度梯度,导致层合板出现较大的热膨胀应力,进而导致层合板内部产生各种力学损伤,即基体开裂、分层及纤维断裂;雷击电流施加时间、峰值电流与温度场均对层合板烧蚀面积产生较大的影响。     

不同喷铝参数对复合材料雷击防护性能模拟

为了研究复合材料不同的雷击防护(lightning strike protection,LSP)系统在雷电流作用下的损伤规律,对雷击损伤过程和烧蚀机理进行分析,建立复合材料层合板雷击防护的能量平衡数学模型。在此基础上,在ABAQUS中建立复合材料基准件、全喷铝和局部喷铝防护系统的碳纤维增强复合材料(carbon fiber reinforced polymer,CFRP)层合板电-热耦合有限元模型,和实验结果对比验证模型的有效性,对雷击烧蚀损伤特征进行分析,并引入雷击烧蚀损伤指数DI,得出三种不同模型在不同铝涂层厚度、不同峰值雷电流作用下的烧蚀损伤规律,并对两种不同的局部喷铝防护系统下复合材料的损伤特征进行对比分析。结果表明:雷击防护系统下复合材料的烧蚀损伤面积和铝涂层厚度关系进行函数拟合,两者均满足幂函数关系。     

精确打击武器与精确制导技术

介绍了精确打击武器的基本分类以及不同的打击武器采用的不同的制导技术。分析了国外的精确打击武器中采用的制导技术，指出了精确打击武器及其制导技术是现代高科技武器发展的关键技术。     

镀铬对8Cr4Mo4V 钢疲劳行为的影响

为研究吞鸟对涡轴发动机的影响,进行了3次吞鸟试验。在试验中,由气体炮将鸟射入发动机进气道,采用高速摄影仪 记录鸟的运行轨迹和撞击部位及试验件形变过程。试验数据表明：在吞鸟过程中发动机各参数均大幅波动,持续时间约为3~4 s, 波动过后,功率恢复时间约为5~9 s,各参数达到最终状态时间约为90~95 s;试验后发动机性能有衰减现象,清洗后有所恢复。经 孔探和分解检查可知：鸟的残骸主要部分未进入发动机主流道,第1 级压气机叶片卷曲变形。     

A numerical model for bird strike on sidewall structure of an aircraft nose

In order to examine the potential of using the coupled smooth particles hydrodynamic(SPH) and finite element(FE) method to predict the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in bird strike events, bird-strike tests on the sidewall structure of an aircraft nose are carried out and numerically simulated. The bird is modeled with SPH and described by the Murnaghan equation of state, while the structure is modeled with finite elements. A coupled SPH–FE method is developed to simulate the bird-strike tests and a numerical model is established using a commercial software PAM-CRASH. The bird model shows no signs of instability and correctly modeled the break-up of the bird into particles. Finally the dynamic response such as strains in the skin is simulated and compared with test results, and the simulated deformation and fracture process of the sidewall structure is compared with images recorded by a high speed camera. Good agreement between the simulation results and test data indicates that the coupled SPH–FE method can provide a very powerful tool in predicting the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in events of bird strike.     

航空发动机鸟撞分析中的应变率相关材料模型标定及使用研究

本文针对典型航空发动机应变率相关材料,阐述了常用的Johnson-cook模型和双线性材料模型及其参数标定方法,并将这两个材料模型分别应用于风扇叶片鸟撞试验的仿真分析,对试验结果和仿真结果进行了对比。研究表明,通过合理的参数标定及简化假设,Johnson-cook模型和双线性材料模型均可提供满意的仿真结果,其中叶片损伤预测与试验结果很好地符合。鉴于双线性材料模型使用相对简单,同时能够提供足够的预测精度,在航空发动机鸟撞分析工程应用中值得推荐。     

基于SPH方法鸟撞航空发动机进气风扇的数值分析

目前鸟撞问题的数值分析方法主要以拉格朗日方法和欧拉方法为主。拉格朗日方法在计算时会遇到网格畸变和缠绕等问题,使计算无法进行。欧拉方法在确定模型的自由表面、变形边界和运动交界面时精确性较差。针对以上不足,本文创新性地应用一种无网格的SPH方法模拟鸟撞航空发动机进气风扇,旨在改善传统方法中网格畸形和精度不足的问题,并通过模拟数据和实验数据的对比,验证SPH方法对鸟撞问题分析的准确性。     

鸟撞载荷下Y12飞机前风挡非线性动力响应分析

 本文利用VEP系统对Y12飞机6mm和8mm厚的前风挡上三点,在0.91kg鸟以56～61m/s撞击下的非线性动力响应进行了数值分析,并与实验结果进行了比较,其中二点情况与实验符合很好。