三种燃料在亚燃冲压燃烧室中的高空点火特性

为评估三种液体燃料(航空煤油(RP-3)、高热氧化安定性燃油(RP-3+100)以及煤基合成油(LUAN))的点火特性,在一种小型亚燃冲压燃烧室中开展了高空点火试验。研究表明:三种燃料在所选的试验条件下,均可以实现可靠点火。随着入口气流温度、压力的增加,三种燃料的点火当量比范围增加;随着入口气流速度的增加,三种燃料的点火当量比范围减小。RP-3+100在不同条件下均具有最高的点火当量比范围,RP-3与LUAN的点火当量比范围较为接近。当入口气流温度、压力和速度发生改变时,RP-3+100点火当量比范围随外界参数改变的变化程度最低,RP-3点火当量比范围随外界参数改变的变化程度最高。     

基于发动机与飞机的藻基航空燃料全生命周期分析

讨论了基于发动机类别及其飞机的藻基航空替代燃料与常规航空燃料对全生命周期的影响。基于GREET（the greenhouse gases,regulated emissions,and energy use in transportation）模型,依据平均载荷、最大航程,将民航客机分为单通道窄体、双通道中型、双通道大型、巨型、支线和公务机等6类。起飞、爬升、进近、滑行、巡航过程的燃料消耗及排放采用国际民用航空组织、美国NASA-AAFEX实验、欧洲EASA适航条例提供的数据。计算了6类发动机-飞机的气体排放、能量消耗情况。在双通道大型客机中藻基航空替代燃料制备过程的温室气体排放仅为0.2351g/(kg·km),原因为该类客机与小型飞机相比有更好的发动机效率和运输效率。然而由于起飞降落过程排放比例较大,单通道窄体客机在航程上对温室气体排放变化更为敏感。      

一种SAR原始数据压缩新算法

 由于合成孔径雷达（SAR）原始数据的相关性很低,直接压缩原始数据是比较困难的。因此提出一种新算法,先对SAR原始数据做距离聚焦处理,使其在方位向具有较强的相关性,再沿方位向做线性预测,并对预测差值系列做块自适应量化。实验表明,在相同比特率条件下,该算法得到的数据域信噪比和图像域信噪比均比块自适应量化(BAQ)算法高,计算量远小于有关文献给出的距离聚焦后的压缩方法,具有一定实用价值。     

Optimization and Sizing for Propulsion System of Liquid Rocket Using Genetic Algorithm

Flight vehicle conceptual design appears to be a promising area for application of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) as an approach to help to automate part of the design process. This computational research effort strives to develop a propulsion system design strategy for liquid rocket to optimize take-off mass, satisfying the mission range under the constraint of axial overload. The method by which this process is accomplished by using GA as optimizer is outlined in this paper. Convergence of GA is improved by introducing initial population based on Design of Experiments Technique.     

地形景象匹配辅助导航可视化仿真研究及软件实现

为了直观有效验证地形景象匹配算法和演示地形辅助导航的过程,设计了地形景象辅助导航可视化仿真软件系统.利用Visual C 和OpenGL的功能实现了对导航数据和飞行过程的动态二维可视化曲线显示,对匹配区域中的实测图和参考图进行动态显示,能够直观地分析匹配结果的正确性;并在此基础上着重对地形景象匹配辅助导航过程实现了可视化仿真显示,能形象直观地演示地形景象辅助导航的过程及其性能.通过多次试验表明,该软件能很好地演示地形景象辅助导航系统的全过程及其性能,具有很好的实际应用价值.     

用MultiGen建模与Performer类库实现实时窗外视景

介绍了如何利用MultiGenCreator建造适合Performer高效运行的模型,以及在SGI图形工作站上用Performer实现塔台模拟机的视景系统。重点介绍了如何改进模型使其能在程序中方便的组织和控制,并提出了运动目标的模拟。     

脑外科机器人视觉伺服研究

定位精度是脑外科机器人系统一个最重要的指标.提出了利用视觉伺服提高脑外科机器人系统定位精度的方法.根据机器人辅助脑外科手术的特点,选择基于位置的末端点闭环的视觉伺服方式,提出了一种利用机器人运动信息对机器人的特征点进行视觉跟踪定位的稳定可靠的方法.针对病人体内病灶点在摄像机图像中不可见的问题,推导了脑外科机器人系统的视觉伺服控制律.采用视觉伺服的方法后,系统定位精度有了很大提高,系统定位误差主要由靶点映射误差引起,受机器人绝对定位误差的影响不大.手术过程模拟和定位精度测试验证了该方法的有效性.      

局部空间-时间显著性的表达过程蕴涵对空间显著性的表达

建立的基于独立成分分析进行特征提取器的学习,进而模拟人类对视觉信息的局部空间-时间显著性的表达过程的计算模型,蕴涵了对局部空间显著性的有效表达;从而当据其设计为机器人主动视觉的注意机制的视线控制而用的算法,可以同一个处理过程适用于动态场景或静态场景的情形。对获自动态场景的特征提取器的频率特性的分析,揭示了此种内在的包含性的成因;算法的实验结果显示了局部空间-时间显著性表达过程对静态场景的局部空间显著性可有效表达。     

Method for denoising and reconstructing radar HRRP using modified sparse auto-encoder

A high resolution range profile (HRRP) is a summation vector of the sub-echoes of the target scattering points acquired by a wide-band radar. Generally, HRRPs obtained in a non-cooperative complex electromagnetic environment are contaminated by strong noise. Effective pre-processing of the HRRP data can greatly improve the accuracy of target recognition. In this paper, a denoising and reconstruction method for HRRP is proposed based on a Modified Sparse Auto-Encoder, which is a representative non-linear model. To better reconstruct the HRRP, a sparse constraint is added to the proposed model and the sparse coefficient is calculated based on the intrinsic dimension of HRRP. The denoising of the HRRP is performed by adding random noise to the input HRRP data during the training process and fine-tuning the weight matrix through singular-value decomposition. The results of simulations showed that the proposed method can both reconstruct the signal with fidelity and suppress noise effectively, significantly outperforming other methods, especially in low Signal-to-Noise Ratio conditions.     

Choice zones: architecturally relevant areas of interest

A new type of area of interest (AOI) termed “choice zones” is proposed, that is relevant for eye tracking research in the built environment. Choice zones are an ex ante measure; this is in contrast to many existing definitions of AOIs which are data-driven. Choice zones are defined algorithmically using space-geometric parameters. The validity of the concept is tested against fixation data from an urban navigation experiment in which participants chose between alternative paths. Findings show that choice zones account for 90% of the fixations clusters. The merit of the measure for applied studies in built environment research is discussed.