轻型通用飞机起飞总重估算方法研究

飞机的起飞总重是飞机的重要设计参数,概念设计阶段首先要做的重要工作之一就是确定飞机的起飞总重。以四人座低速活塞螺旋桨飞机为例,采用任务剖面法和商载航程法分别对起飞总重进行了估算,并对两种方法进行了修正,在此基础上,取两个计算结果的平均值作为最终的起飞总重估算值。通过与对比机型的比较,验证修正后的计算方法和结果是准确合理的,为通用飞机起飞总重的确定和选择提供了参考。     

A Neuro-Cognitive Theory of Deductive Relational Reasoning with Mental Models and Visual Images

Abstract

Many neuro-imaging studies have provided evidence that the parietal cortex plays a key role in reasoning based on mental models, which are supposed to be of abstract spatial nature. However, these studies have also shown concurrent activation in vision-related cortical areas which have often been interpreted as evidence for the role of visual mental imagery in reasoning. The aim of the paper is to resolve the inconsistencies in the previous literature on reasoning and imagery and to develop a neurally and cognitively plausible theory of human relational reasoning. The main assumption is that visual brain areas are only involved if the problem information is easy to visualize and when this information must be processed and maintained in visual working memory. A regular reasoning process, however, does not involve visual images but more abstract spatial representations—spatial mental models—held in parietal cortices. Only these spatial representations are crucial for the genuine reasoning processes.     

某型机VHF电台通讯距离短问题的解决

提出了某型机VHF电台通讯距离短的问题,简述了对某型机VHF电台进行地面试验、空中作用距离试飞情况。并用通讯原理,对VHF电台通讯距离短进行了理论分析,采取了整改措施。最终解决了某型飞机VHF电台通讯距离短的问题,使飞行通讯联络正常。     

变目标方位角导引法

研究一种用于近程弹道式地－地弹的导引法，它是借用空－空弹常值目标方位角导引法的概念，把它改变成按弹道设计需要而变化的目标方位角导引法，去攻击地面固定目标，它有减小气动阻力，提高命中相对精度的优点，称它为变目标方位角导引法。     

微小卫星临近操作仅测距初始相对定轨解析方法

针对仅有相对距离测量信息的近圆轨道航天器近程交会问题,首次提出一种基于传感器偏离航天器质心安装杆臂效应的解析初始相对定轨算法,解决了仅测距定轨存在镜像解的模糊性问题。首先给出了仅测距定轨模糊性的数学解释,然后基于Clohessy-Wiltshire动力学模型和传感器偏心安装的杆臂效应推导了仅测距信息情况下的初始相对轨道解析解,并给出系统能够去模糊的传感器安装条件。最后通过无误差仿真验证了所提算法的有效性,通过误差情况下的Monte Carlo仿真分析了算法的定轨性能。仿真结果表明所提算法有效,在满足传感器偏心安装条件下能够实现较为精确的初始相对定轨。     

激光技术应用综述

在论述激光的主要特性基础上，主要介绍了激光雷达、激光引信、激光图像记录仪等的工作原理、应用范围和发展水平。     

Rhetorical shadows: The conceptual representation of incongruent shadows

ABSTRACT

This article addresses the topic of conceptual representation of shadows. We analyze several examples of contemporary imagery, taken from advertising and cartooning, to shed light on the way shadow depictions are used as rhetorical devices. Instead of being inserted as a natural phenomenon, rhetorical shadows invite the construction of meaning, and instead of being a mere natural companion of their casters, they reveal things about their casters. Three so-called “shadow incongruity types” are distinguished: (1) shadows revealing the “true nature” of their caster or the “hidden contents” of the caster’s mind; (2) shadows marking some transition their caster is involved in; and (3) shadows suggesting a certain quality attached to one of a shadow’s main ingredients (casting object, light source or surface). For each of these types of rhetorical shadows, we demonstrate that the way they convey meaning basically follows the principles of perceiving and understanding natural shadows.     

相控阵主动雷达导引头波形策略

针对高脉冲重复频率脉冲多普勒(HPRF-PD)体制的相控阵主动雷达导引头中存在的距离遮挡问题,设计了一种新的波形选择策略。首先,利用提出的脉冲重复频率(PRF)波形选择策略,离线计算得到距离对应PRF的波形查找表。然后,通过叉积自动频率控制环路滤波(CPAFCLF)算法预估下个相参处理间隔(CPI)导引头与目标间的径向相对速度,并联合提出的基于Sage-Husa带有速度预测的自适应"当前"统计模型(SH-ACSMVP)算法得到的距离跟踪值,获得下个CPI的距离预测值。在跟踪机动目标场景中,相比于"当前"统计(CS)模型跟踪算法及基于"当前"统计模型的自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波(CAUKF)算法,本文算法得到的距离预测误差更小,误差收敛速度更快。根据此距离预测值从波形查找表中选择波形发射,作为下个CPI的发射波形,实现后续跟踪阶段的抗距离遮挡,提高目标跟踪性能。仿真结果表明了本文所设计波形选择策略的正确性及有效性。     

一种大型紧缩场极坐标测试扫描架系统的设计与实现

扫描架系统是现有紧缩场现场校准方法的核心测试设备,扫描架系统的各项技术指标对于紧缩场校准至关重要,其中具有代表性的关键指标是扫描范围和扫描平面度。为提高紧缩场现场计量校准的适应性,本文设计了一种大型模块化扫描架系统,具有自调整机构和多种安装方式,在最大模式下扫描半径可达到3000mm、中心高可达12m、扫描平面度可达0.05mm(RMS);在最紧凑模式下扫描直径为3000mm、中心高可降至4m;可适用于国内多数紧缩场。目前,该系统完成技术指标的检测,可应用于多型紧缩场现场校准测试。     

基于VEE与Nport的控温仪状态参数远程监控系统设计

为了减轻试验人员劳动强度,避免人为操作失误导致的数据失真与控温风险,提高航天器真空热试验自动化水平,设计了基于VEE与Nport的控温仪状态参数远程监控系统。利用NPORT-5610将RS-232协议转换为TCP/IP协议,使控温仪成为具备网络接口的组网仪器,采用VEE可视化编程语言开发了系统软件,实现了计算机对控温仪状态参数的远程监控。该系统结构模型合理,软硬件设计可行,具有灵活的扩展性和伸缩性,曾在某型号航天器真空热试验中成功应用。