复杂结构振动的一种超单元简化分析

本文提出了一种建立在常规有限元模型上的超单元分析方法,对复杂结构的振动分析进行降阶简化处理。这种方法是把结构重新以超单元形式划分,在超单元内部采用了简化的动减缩方法;边界上则采用局部位移场重新插值方法,或采用局部刚化的方法。由超单元组装得到的总体矩阵仍具有对称、稀疏等性质,得到的动力学方程仍具有常规形式。这种超单元分析方法不但大大降低了求解模型的阶次,扩大了求解能力,而且易于编程,求解方便。文中还通过摄动分析讨论了内部模态截取准则,以保证求解的有效性和可靠性。数值算例表明,本文方法是很有效的,且具有较高的求解精度。     

主、被动振动控制一体化理论及技术(Ⅲ)--杂交阻尼

本文是系列讲座的第三篇,以智能材料组成的杂交阻尼为主,介绍有关杂交阻尼的研究成果。对杂交阻尼进行了分类,讨论和比较了各种类型的杂交阻尼,包括:阻尼层结构的配置、主动和可控约束层阻尼板的建模及性能比较;电流变和磁流变阻尼的基本概念及其在振动控制中的应用;可控压电传感阻尼的机理及存在的问题。讨论了杂交阻尼在航天结构中的应用前景及其主要研究课题。     

大型火箭振动试验振型斜率测试方法

讨论了在火箭固有振动频率下测量振型斜率的几种计算和测试方法，分析了影响振型斜率测量和符号误判的误差源，提出了按秒状态变化进行振型斜率修正的最小二乘曲线拟合法。研究表明，以参照点陀螺信号为基准计算相位角，可以避免相位符号的误判。这一改进对于以相位符号作为稳定性判别准则的控制系统来说是至关重要的。     

高精度微分求积曲梁单元的建立与应用

首先由能量原理导出曲梁弯曲问题的控制微分方程，在此基础上应用微分求积法原理分别给出了曲梁内点和端点的微分求积方程，由此形成曲梁单元的刚度方程，从而建立了微分求积曲梁单元，并给出了曲梁结构刚度方程的边界条件。通过算例分析，得到了微分求积单元法结构离散时应使单元数量少的原则和求解精度与单元长度比基本无关的性质。与有限元方法的结果比较表明，本文导出的曲梁单元是一种具有很高求解精度的单元。》     

逐次逼近摄动法及其在力学中的应用

提出逐次逼近摄动法，将预估的零级近似解逐渐加以修正，使之逐渐逼近于其真实解。有非线性问题的算例。算例表明，解法的精度和其它奇异摄动解法（如L—P法）的基本相同，但方法允许进行一次选代，使其精度更加提高。按照方法，可求得任一级近似解，其精度逐级提高，计算过程也很简便。     

Lock-in phenomenon of tip clearance flow and its influence on aerodynamic damping under specified vibration on an axial transonic compressor rotor

In this study, the lock-in phenomenon of Tip Clearance Flow(TCF) instabilities and their relationship to blade vibration are investigated numerically on an axial transonic rotor with a large tip clearance. The capabilities of simulating instability flow and lock-in phenomenon are verified on a transonic rotor and a NACA0012 airfoil by comparing with the test data, respectively.The lock-in phenomenon is first numerically confirmed that may occur to TCF instabilities when its frequency is close to...     

Plastic wrinkling model and characteristics of shear enforced Ti-alloy thin-walled tubes under combination die constraints and differential temperature fields

Plastic wrinkling predictions and shear enforced wrinkling characteristics of Ti-alloy thin-walled tubes under combination die constraints have become key problems urgently in need of solutions in order to improve forming quality in their shear bending processes under differential temperature fields. To address this, a wrinkling wave function was developed by considering their shear bend deformation characteristics. Based on this wave function and the thin shell theory, an energy prediction model for this type of wrinkling was established. This model enables considera-tion of the effects of shear deformation zone ranges, material parameters, loading modes, and fric-tion coefficients between tube and dies on the minimum wrinkling energy. Tube wrinkling sensitive zones (WSZs) can be revealed by combining this wrinkling prediction model with a thermal-mechanical coupled finite element model for simulating these bending processes. The reliability of this wrinkling prediction model was verified, and an investigation into the tube wrinkling char-acteristics was carried out based on the experimental conditions. This found that the WSZs are located on either a single side or both sides of the maximum shear stress zone. When the friction coefficients between the tube and the various dies coincide, the WSZs are located on both sides. The larger the value of the tube inner corner radius and/or the smaller the value of the outer corner radius, the smaller the wrinkling probability. With an increase in the value of the moving die dis-placement, the wrinkling probability increases at first, and then decreases.     

Vibration suppression of thin-walled workpiece machining considering external damping properties based on magnetorheological fluids flexible fixture

Milling of the thin-walled workpiece in the aerospace industry is a critical process due to the high flexibility of the workpiece. In this paper, a flexible fixture based on the magnetorheological(MR) fluids is designed to investigate the regenerative chatter suppression during the machining.Based on the analysis of typical structural components in the aerospace industry, a general complex thin-walled workpiece with fixture and damping constraint can be equivalent as a rectangular cantilever beam. On the basis of the equivalent models, natural frequency and mode shape function of the thin-walled workpiece is obtained according to the Euler–Bernoulli beam assumptions. Then,the displacement response function of the bending vibration of the beam is represented by the product of all the mode shape function and the generalized coordinate. Furthermore, a dynamic equation of the workpiece-fixture system considering the external damping factor is proposed using the Lagrangian method in terms of all the mode shape function and the generalized coordinate, and the response of system under the dynamic cutting force is calculated to evaluate the stability of the milling process under damping control. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach are validated by the impact hammer experiments and several machining tests.     

被动阻尼减振技术及数控加工应用

切削颤振导致工件加工表面质量恶化、切削效率降低以及刀具磨损加剧等系列危害.抑制颤振对航空制造业实现高质、高效加工有重要意义,尤其是在薄壁件加工时.作为工程领域振动抑制的一种重要方法,被动阻尼减振技术实施简单、效果明显、可靠性较高,在切削领域的应用正逐渐得到重视.     

大型桥式机床立柱不同材料的特性分析

采用数值计算方法,比较了混凝土、铸铁和钢3种不同材料立柱的静载抗压能力以及冲击力下的瞬态响应,分析数据表明,钢立柱具有最好的承压能力,在相同压力下静变形最小;由于阻尼的原因,混凝土立柱的振幅受到明显限制,冲击力作用下振动衰减的较快,在更加关注减振性能的高速高性能加工领域,采用混凝土立柱是更好的选择.