A Study on Multi-defect Constrained Bendability of Thin-walled Tube NC Bending Under Different Clearance

Thin-walled tube numerical control (NC) bending is a tri-nonlinear physical process with multi-defect and multi-die constraints. The clearance on each contact interface is the major factor to indicate the contact conditions. A three-dimensional-finite element (3D-FE) model is established to consider the realistic dynamic boundary conditions of multiple dies under ABAQUS/Explicit platform. Combined with experiment, numerical study on bending behavior and bendability under different clearance between tube and various dies is conducted in terms of wrinkling, wall thinning and cross section deformation. The results show that (1)with smaller clearance of tube-wiper die and tube-mandrel, the wrinkling can be restrained while the wall thinning It and cross-section deformation Id increase; while excessive small clearance blocks tube materials to flow past tangent point and causes piles up, the onset of wrinkling enhances It and Id. (2)Both It and Id decrease with smaller clearance of tube-pressure die; the wrinkling possibility rises with larger clearance on this interface if the mandrel’s freedom along Y-axis is opened; smaller clearance of tube-bend die prevents wrinkling while increases It, and the clearance on this interface has little effect on Id. (3)A modified Yoshida buckling test (YBT) is used to address the wrinkling mechanisms under normal constraints in tube bending: the smaller clearance may restrain wrinkling efficiently; the smaller wall thickness, the less critical clearance needed; the critical clearance for tube bending 38 mm×1 mm×57 mm (tube outer diameter×wall thickness×centerline bending radius) equals about 20% of initial wall thickness.     

瞄准吊舱捷联惯导系统快速传递对准方法

 新型瞄准吊舱系统中安装捷联惯导系统,使其在跟踪、探测目标的同时具备一定的自主导航能力。吊舱系统中的捷联惯导一般采用较低精度的惯性器件配置,且传递对准实现过程受到机动条件的严格限制。针对该问题提出了一种“比力积分/角速度匹配”传递对准方法,利用主惯导导航信息与惯性器件输出,以及子惯导惯性器件输出实现子惯导的对准。推导了基于主、子惯导系统误差的数学模型,详细分析了器件精度与低动态条件对系统状态量可观测度的影响,并针对低精度惯性器件与低动态条件下的传递对准性能进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明,该方法在器件低精度与低动态条件下,对准性能达到5′,优于常规传递对准方法,可满足瞄准吊舱捷联惯导系统的快速对准性能要求。     

Forming Characteristics of Al-alloy Large-diameter Thin-walled Tubes in NC-bending Under Axial Compressive Loads

Tube thinning control without wrinkling occurring is a key problem urgently to be solved for improving the forming qualities in numerical control (NC) bending processes of large-diameter Al-alloy thin-walled tubes (AATTs). It may be a way solving this problem to exert axial compression loads (ACL) on the tube end in the bending. Thus, this article establishes a three-dimensional (3D) elastic-plastic explicit finite element (FE) model for the bending under ACL and has its reliability verified. Through a multi-index orthogonal experiment design, a combination of process parameters, each expressed by a proper range, for this FE model is derived to overcome the compression instability on tube ends. By combining the FE model with a wrinkling energy prediction model, an in-depth study is conducted on the forming characteristics of large-diameter AATTs with small bending radii and it can be concluded that (1) The larger the tube diameters and the smaller the bending radii, the larger the induced tangent tension stress zones on tube intrados, by which the tube maximum tangent compression stress zones will be partitioned in the bending processes; thus, the smaller the ACL roles in decreasing thinning degrees and the larger the compression instability possibilities on tube ends. (2) The tube wrinkling possibilities under ACL are larger than without ACL acting in the earlier forming periods, and smaller in the later ones. (3) For the tubes with a size factor less than 80, the ACL roles in decreasing thinning degrees are stronger than in increasing wrinkling possibilities.     

缝合连接三维编织复合材料弯曲破坏形式分析

试验设计了相同搭接长度、不同缝合密度的几组缝合连接三维编织复合材料试件。研究了三维编织预制件的连接形式(缝合搭接连接和未缝合搭接连接)对三维编织复合材料弯曲性能的影响,并与三维整体编织复合材料的弯曲性能进行了对比。试验结果表明,与未缝合搭接试件相比,缝合连接试件的弯曲强度提高了20%~50%,弯曲模量提高了5%~15%。说明在预制件连接上,缝合工艺具有明显的优势。缝合连接试件与三维整体编织试件相比,弯曲强度下降了30%~50%,弯曲模量下降了10%~30%。同时,讨论了这些试件弯曲的破坏形式。     

基于位移场仿真与特征参数提取的精铸模具型面逆向设计方法

提出了一种简单高效的涡轮叶片精铸模具型面逆向设计方法:特征参数逆向调整法。一方面,基于叶片收缩变形位移场的有限元仿真结果,更为准确地计算铸件不同部位的收缩率;另一方面,通过12个反映叶型特征参数的提取、叶型的复原和调整技术,实现了凝固和冷却过程中非线性收缩变形的补偿,弥补了传统线性放缩法的不足。由于最终获得的型面仍然是参数化CAD模型,和单纯网格直接反向叠加法相比,无需后续复杂的曲面拼接和光顺技术。最后以叶片的叶身为例,将该方法与传统型面放缩法和网格直接反向叠加法进行比较,结果表明对于弦长为60.5mm的涡轮动力叶片,采用特征参数逆向调整法,叶型的型面误差、弦长误差和扭转角误差与传统的收缩中心放缩法相比分别降低了83.8%、96.3%和66.7%,因此具有很好的工程应用前景。     

闭截面型材的拉弯成形性

拉弯是型材的基本成形方法.截面畸变是型材拉弯成形中的常见缺陷,并对型材的回弹和变薄有交叉影响,型材拉弯成形性的分析评估远比板材成形复杂.提出了型材拉弯成形性的概念,建立了矩形截面型材拉弯成形性分析模型,基于有限元数值模拟研究了截面结构、相对高度和壁厚分布等几何参数对拉弯成形性的影响规律,从提高拉弯成形性出发提出了型材截面优化设计的原则.      

基于参数化关联技术的冲裁模具设计研究

对于相似性零件冲压模具重复设计和零件更改造成的模具重新设计的问题,参数化关联技术是主要的解决途径之一.本文研究了参数关联的理论和方法,研究了参数的传递的方法,以冲裁模具的设计为例,介绍了冲裁模具参数化关联技术的具体实现,并应用CATIA二次开发方法进行基于参数化关联技术的冲裁模具设计.实现了冲裁模具的快速设计,在设计依据发生更改时模具设计能够随之进行快速更新,从而提高了设计效率.     

薄膜充气梁失稳载荷研究

针对薄膜充气梁在弯曲载荷下的失稳载荷问题,进行了理论及试验研究,得到充气模型失稳载荷的理论值和试验值,两者对比显示试验值高于理论值1.56倍以上,为在使用过程中充分利用充气模型的承载能力提供了有效的数据。     

弹性薄板弯曲的有限元分析法

弹性薄板弯曲是我们在制造过程中遇到的最常见的问题,为使问题简单化,便于理解,我们用有限元法分析薄析问题,用薄板的单元组成来取代原来的薄板,通常采用本角形和矩形薄板单元的组合代替壳体,由平面应力和弯曲应力状态加以组合得到薄板的应力状态。采用三角形单元,并将每一单元作为相应的平面应力单元和薄板弯曲单元的线性组合,介绍此类薄板弯曲问题的有限元法。     

关于圆轴含有弯弯组合的合成弯矩图形状的讨论

本文结合弯弯扭组合变形的例题，利用相关数学知识，证明了圆轴含有弯弯组合的合成弯矩图如果出现曲线，则该曲线必是(上)凹的。