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31.
郭莹 《西安航空技术高等专科学校学报》2007,25(2):28-30,33
通过对日语汉字音读和汉语中古音进行比较,发现日语汉字音读与汉语中古音有强烈的对应关系。其中“声假名”和中古音声母的对应比较整齐:あ段全部对应喉音影、余二母;か段全部对应牙音见、溪、群、疑和喉音晓、匣六母……“韵假名”与汉语中古音十六摄也有不如“声假名”强烈但依然很明显的对应关系,如果、假二摄对应あ段“韵假名”;止、蟹二摄对应ぃ段“韵假名”;通、江、效、宕、流摄对应ぅ段“韵假名”。 相似文献
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S. M. Krimigis D. G. Mitchell D. C. Hamilton S. Livi J. Dandouras S. Jaskulek T. P. Armstrong J. D. Boldt A. F. Cheng G. Gloeckler J. R. Hayes K. C. Hsieh W.-H. Ip E. P. Keath E. Kirsch N. Krupp L. J. Lanzerotti R. Lundgren B. H. Mauk R. W. McEntire E. C. Roelof C. E. Schlemm B. E. Tossman B. Wilken D. J. Williams 《Space Science Reviews》2004,114(1-4):233-329
The magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI) is a neutral and charged particle detection system on the Cassini orbiter spacecraft designed to perform both global imaging and in-situ measurements to study the overall configuration and dynamics of Saturn’s magnetosphere and its interactions with the solar wind, Saturn’s atmosphere, Titan, and the icy satellites. The processes responsible for Saturn’s aurora will be investigated; a search will be performed for substorms at Saturn; and the origins of magnetospheric hot plasmas will be determined. Further, the Jovian magnetosphere and Io torus will be imaged during Jupiter flyby. The investigative approach is twofold. (1) Perform remote sensing of the magnetospheric energetic (E > 7 keV) ion plasmas by detecting and imaging charge-exchange neutrals, created when magnetospheric ions capture electrons from ambient neutral gas. Such escaping neutrals were detected by the Voyager l spacecraft outside Saturn’s magnetosphere and can be used like photons to form images of the emitting regions, as has been demonstrated at Earth. (2) Determine through in-situ measurements the 3-D particle distribution functions including ion composition and charge states (E > 3 keV/e). The combination of in-situ measurements with global images, together with analysis and interpretation techniques that include direct “forward modeling’’ and deconvolution by tomography, is expected to yield a global assessment of magnetospheric structure and dynamics, including (a) magnetospheric ring currents and hot plasma populations, (b) magnetic field distortions, (c) electric field configuration, (d) particle injection boundaries associated with magnetic storms and substorms, and (e) the connection of the magnetosphere to ionospheric altitudes. Titan and its torus will stand out in energetic neutral images throughout the Cassini orbit, and thus serve as a continuous remote probe of ion flux variations near 20R
S (e.g., magnetopause crossings and substorm plasma injections). The Titan exosphere and its cometary interaction with magnetospheric plasmas will be imaged in detail on each flyby. The three principal sensors of MIMI consists of an ion and neutral camera (INCA), a charge–energy–mass-spectrometer (CHEMS) essentially identical to our instrument flown on the ISTP/Geotail spacecraft, and the low energy magnetospheric measurements system (LEMMS), an advanced design of one of our sensors flown on the Galileo spacecraft. The INCA head is a large geometry factor (G ∼ 2.4 cm2 sr) foil time-of-flight (TOF) camera that separately registers the incident direction of either energetic neutral atoms (ENA) or ion species (≥5∘ full width half maximum) over the range 7 keV/nuc < E < 3 MeV/nuc. CHEMS uses electrostatic deflection, TOF, and energy measurement to determine ion energy, charge state, mass, and 3-D anisotropy in the range 3 ≤ E ≤ 220 keV/e with good (∼0.05 cm2 sr) sensitivity. LEMMS is a two-ended telescope that measures ions in the range 0.03 ≤ E ≤ 18 MeV and electrons 0.015 ≤ E≤ 0.884 MeV in the forward direction (G ∼ 0.02 cm2 sr), while high energy electrons (0.1–5 MeV) and ions (1.6–160 MeV) are measured from the back direction (G ∼ 0.4 cm2 sr). The latter are relevant to inner magnetosphere studies of diffusion processes and satellite microsignatures as well as cosmic ray albedo neutron decay (CRAND). Our analyses of Voyager energetic neutral particle and Lyman-α measurements show that INCA will provide statistically significant global magnetospheric images from a distance of ∼60 R
S every 2–3 h (every ∼10 min from ∼20 R
S). Moreover, during Titan flybys, INCA will provide images of the interaction of the Titan exosphere with the Saturn magnetosphere every 1.5 min. Time resolution for charged particle measurements can be < 0.1 s, which is more than adequate for microsignature studies. Data obtained during Venus-2 flyby and Earth swingby in June and August 1999, respectively, and Jupiter flyby in December 2000 to January 2001 show that the instrument is performing well, has made important and heretofore unobtainable measurements in interplanetary space at Jupiter, and will likely obtain high-quality data throughout each orbit of the Cassini mission at Saturn. Sample data from each of the three sensors during the August 18 Earth swingby are shown, including the first ENA image of part of the ring current obtained by an instrument specifically designed for this purpose. Similarily, measurements in cis-Jovian space include the first detailed charge state determination of Iogenic ions and several ENA images of that planet’s magnetosphere.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date. 相似文献
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类升力体外形俯仰阻尼特性数值研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用有限差分方法求解薄层近似的非定常Navier-Stokes方程,定常流场采用交替方向隐式分解的NND格式,非定常流场采用四步Runge-Kutta方法,在保证时、空二阶精度前提下引入变系数残值光顺技术提高非定常流场计算效率,复杂带翼外形的空间网格通过求解抛物化的椭圆型方程生成,最后在Etkin理论下给出球锥及类升力体外形的俯仰阻尼导数计算结果。 相似文献
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我国现阶段实行的按唠分配不是马克思原意的按劳分配,而是按社会必要劳动时间分配,是按劳分配原则在社会主义市场经济条件下的转化形式。按社会必要劳动时间分配的实质是按生产要素分配。 相似文献
36.
本文利用自适应区域方法调节机翼后每个Trefftz平面上的计算域,使得尾涡对这个计算域边界的影响足够小,从而提高了计算的精度和时间。考虑到间断面的影响,在尾涡面上引入有旋项对流场进行计算。椭圆载荷机翼计算表明本文计算结果与经典Betz理论一致。用本文方法对某轰炸机进行了计算,计算结果已用于预计其实际飞行的尾涡面。 相似文献
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将发射瞬时所确定的平行接近弹道作为基准弹道,由于各种干拢所引起的相对于基准弹道的偏离作为偏差来处理;用最优控制理论导出空-空导弹进行全向攻击的最优制导律,此制导律包含目标加速度反馈。当目标作非机动飞行时,最优制导律是一种变比例系数的比例制导。数字仿真结果表明:在相同条件下,最优制导弹道需用过载、终端脱靶量均小于比例制导,特别是从目标前方攻击时,其制导精度大大优于比例制导。 相似文献
40.
本文利用Van Moorhen提出的平均处理法,从理论上分析了一维流管通道随时间变化和燃烧边界运动对燃烧室线性声稳定性的作用。得出结论是,空腔的瞬态扩大和边界运动平衡掉了一部分声能。 相似文献