基于二维单基线的单星高精度无源定位算法

针对长短基线干涉仪定位系统设备量大、系统复杂的问题,提出了基于运动学原理的单星高精度无源定位技术。以模糊相位差和相位差变化率为观测量,并采用三通道二维单基线阵列构型,充分利用长基线相位差定位精度高的特点,并结合相位差变化率的无模糊特性,通过粒子群改进算法实现高精度的定位。仿真结果表明,该算法定位精度高,定位性能接近CRLB。     

短基线高准确度时间传递研究

为了实现守时系统与授时系统的高准确度时间同步,通过搬运钟法对微波时间传输系统的可测量时延部分进行准确测量,应用测量结果对微波时间传输系统进行校准,将GPS共视比对结果与微波时间传输系统的单、双向比对结果进行分析研究,并用BIPM(BUREAU INTERNATIONAL DES POIDS ET MESURES)给出的结果进行验证,得出两种不同时间同步方法的同步误差和两种不同方法产生误差的主要原因,给出了两种不同方法在时间统一系统中的的最佳应用模式。     

编队卫星空间状态与星间基线的建模与分析

针对编队卫星任务中起重要作用的星间基线指标,在考虑精度需求的基础上对用于确定星间基线的空间状态量进行了选择,建立了空间状态量与星间基线的关联数学模型,提供了误差分析方法,仿真给出了一定场景设置下的精度影响因子等指标以定量刻画二者之间的误差传播关系。基线长度仅与编队卫星的相对空间状态有关,而基线姿态角还与主星的绝对姿态有关;且由卫星空间状态得到星间基线的过程中误差放大。     

美军“宙斯盾”基线9型作战系统试验分析

“宙斯盾”战斗系统是美国海军现役最重要的整合式水面舰艇作战系统,“宙斯盾”基线9作战系统是“宙斯盾”作战系统的最新升级型。论述了美军“宙斯盾”基线9型作战系统的进展、试验概况以及其未来发展计划,研究分析了“宙斯盾”基线9型作战系统的发展特点。     

月球探测中通信跟踪(C&T)技术遇到的新问题

以技术成熟的GEO以下近地轨道的C&T技术为参照点,提出月球探测遇到的新问题———长时间、远距离地月转移轨道测量、环月轨道段测量和月面登陆段测量中的新问题,给出解决这些问题的合理方法。     

基于马氏距离的雷达网有源假目标干扰鉴别技术

针对雷达网有源假目标干扰问题,为了消除长基线雷达组网时地球曲率对数据处理的影响,通过坐标转换,将各雷达站的目标的量测数据转化到了地心直角(ECEF)坐标系内,得到统一坐标系下的目标量测信息,完成空间上的对准;在此基础上,基于虚假目标的量测与雷达站位置有关,真实目标量测与雷达站无关,因而依据卡方分布的性质,在ECEF坐标系内对各个量测进行卡方检验,鉴别出虚假目标;最后,通过仿真验证了分析的正确性,该算法与工程实际接轨,实用性较强。     

Ionospheric differential error determination using ray tracing for a short baseline

Since the United States government discontinued Selective Availability (SA) on 1 May 2000, ionospheric effects have been responsible for the largest errors in GPS systems. The standard Differential GPS (DGPS) method is incapable of completely eliminating the ionospheric error. This paper describes a new approach to determine the differential ionospheric error between geographically distributed receiver stations. The ray paths of GPS signals were simulated using a modified Jones 3D ray tracing programme that includes the effect of the geomagnetic field. A Nelder–Mead optimisation algorithm was embedded in the program to precisely determine the satellite-to-station path. A realistic ionospheric model is essential for accurate ray tracing results and for estimates of differential error that are accurate on sub-centimetre scales. Here, the ionospheric model used in the ray tracing programme was developed by fitting realistic ionosphere profiles with a number of exponential functions. Results were compared to the theoretical approach. Results show that the differential delay is about 1–5 cm at low elevation angles for a short baseline of 10 km, as reported in other literature. This delay is often neglected in DGPS application. The differential delay also shows a pattern similar to that predicted by the Klobuchar model. The method proposed here can be used to improve future GPS applications.     

使用Trimble Geomatics Office等商业随机软件应注意的几个问题

通过对Trimble Geomatics Office等随机软件的实际应用,提出一些数据质量控制措施.根据随机软件网平差功能的特点,通过对所有基线网和独立基线网的对比分析,得出选择独立基线网平差更合理、测量结果更可靠的结论.     

Ionospheric path delay models for spaceborne GPS receivers flying in formation with large baselines

GPS relative navigation filters could benefit notably from an accurate modeling of the ionospheric delays, especially over large baselines (>100 km) where double difference delays can be higher than several carrier wavelengths. This paper analyzes the capability of ionospheric path delay models proposed for spaceborne GPS receivers in predicting both zero-difference and double difference ionospheric delays. We specifically refer to relatively simple ionospheric models, which are suitable for real-time filtering schemes. Specifically, two ionospheric delay models are evaluated, one assuming an isotropic electron density and the other considering the effect on the electron density of the Sun aspect angle. The prediction capability of these models is investigated by comparing predicted ionospheric delays with measured ones on real flight data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment mission, in which two satellites fly separated of more than 200 km. Results demonstrate that both models exhibit a correlation in the excess of 80% between predicted and measured double-difference ionospheric delays. Despite its higher simplicity, the isotropic model performs better than the model including the Sun effect, being able to predict double differenced delays with accuracy smaller than the carrier wavelength in most cases. The model is thus fit for supporting integer ambiguity fixing in real-time filters for relative navigation over large baselines. Concerning zero-difference ionospheric delays, results demonstrate that delays predicted by the isotropic model are highly correlated (around 90%) with those estimated using GPS measurements. However, the difference between predicted and measured delays has a root mean square error in the excess of 30 cm. Thus, the zero-difference ionospheric delays model is not likely to be an alternative to methods exploiting carrier-phase observables for cancelling out the ionosphere contribution in single-frequency absolute navigation filters.     

基于虚拟基线变换和RBFNN的宽频段DOA估计

提出利用虚拟基线变换的方法解决了频率高端的相位模糊,克服由于相位模糊性造成的方向特征的多值模糊问题,从而简化了从方向特征到波达方向的映射关系。提取无模糊的方向特征,训练RBF神经,进行宽频段波达方向估计。理论分析和试验表明,该解模糊方法计算量小,能有效消除圆阵列的相位模糊,适用阵元数大于等于5的任意均匀圆阵列天线（6元除外）;利用解模糊后的特征建立的DOA估计模型结构简单,性能大大优于直接建模和相关干涉仪法,具有优越的性能和工程实用性。