Optimal multi-site selection for a PV-based lunar settlement based on a novel method to estimate sun illumination profiles

Recently, space organizations have considered the Moon to host lunar bases. Such bases require power and energy to function. However, the efficient and safe use of the energy resources on the Moon is a huge challenge. Space photovoltaic (PV) power systems are appealing technologies due to their maturity and high solar energy availability at some locations on the Moon. The effectiveness of these PV systems depends on their selenographic location, which might necessitate the deployment of energy storage technologies to cover the base’s energy demand. Some analysts have proposed the installation of PV modules on kilometers-tall towers near the lunar poles to harvest more solar energy and limit the need for energy storage systems (ESSs). Alternatively, this paper proposes to harvest the energy from multiple sites in the lunar South Pole region using a novel technique to compute the Sun illumination profile and the LOLA topographic databases to compute the terrain elevations. The proposed algorithm seeks the most optimal configuration of sites and tower heights to minimize the longest night period and total distance between the sites. This study assesses groups of 1 to 6 sites assuming the use of towers having heights of 10, 100, and 500 [m]. The time horizon for the analysis is one Axial Precession Cycle, which is approximately 18.6 years. According to the results, a system of two sites with a separation of 42.05 [km] and towers of 500 [m] height has a maximum darkness period of only 3 [h] while another solution proposes a system of three sites with towers of 10 [m] that removes the need of EES (solar eclipse periods by the Earth are not considered). The proposed technique is suitable for engineering applications, such as base planning and operation management.     

尚逸帆，康志宇，张庆展，杨东春

美国和苏联现有的舱外载人机动装置（MannedManeuveringUnit,MMU）推进系统设计均采用两套独立系统互为备份的方式,主系统故障后可以启动备用系统,但备用系统故障则无应对方案,因此制约航天员的安全性和舱外活动能力。文章在常规主备份推进模式基础上提出了应急推进模式,备份推进器发生故障后,根据失效发动机组相对位置关系采用不同应急策略,剩余有效推进器通过联合控制的方式保证航天员六自由度控制。经过可行性分析和仿真计算,证明了应急模式下MMU推进能力有一定降低,但能够为航天员返回提供动力,应急推进模式具有可行性。     

空间细胞机器人接管控制的分布式控制分配

采用接管控制技术延长航天器寿命为在轨服务提供了一种新思路,本文提出一种利用空间细胞机器人实施航天器接管控制的方案。针对空间细胞机器人实施接管控制的控制分配问题,建立了空间细胞机器人实施接管控制的动力学模型。为实现分布式控制分配,提出了一种基于CBBA算法的接管控制分配算法,利用自由市场机制实现控制分配的分布和异步计算。综合考虑了执行能力匹配、剩余能量和执行器输出限制,定义了空间细胞机器人的收益函数,空间细胞机器人通过自由拍卖和一致性协商完成控制任务的分配。通过蒙特卡罗分析,将本文算法与集中式分配算法零空间修正伪逆法相比较并进行参数影响分析,本文算法在保证分配精度的情况下,具有能量均衡等能力。     

多操纵面优化控制分配新方法

针对直接分配算法不具备优化能力的问题,提出了一种基于可达集的多操纵面控制量优化分配的新方法.简要描述了飞行控制中多操纵面的受限控制分配问题,以实际和期望的伪指令偏差最小为优化目标,将二次规划问题转化成空间中多维向量的简单运算,避免了二次规划在整个可达集中进行的复杂搜索.以某型飞机为仿真模型,对新方法与直接分配算法进行了对比仿真验证.仿真结果表明,该方法能使舵面在期望指令所指向的可达边界子集中得到最优的分配,且计算量小,实时性较好.     

可靠性预计与分配的作用研究

阐述了可靠性预计与分配对装备作战能力、生存力、部署机动能力、维修人力和使用保障费用等方面的重要作用,以及它在战争中取胜的重要性。同时指出了在民用产品方面加强可靠性预计与分配可以有效提高产品的市场竞争力。     

用于微放电测试的S波段注入锁频磁控管试验研究

针对微放电测试所需大功率微波源的需求,试验研究了一种用于微放电测试的S波段注入锁频磁控管试验方法。基于注入锁频连续波磁控管的理论,试验得到了磁控管的注入锁频带宽与注入比成正比关系。改变阳极电流,得到磁控管输出功率389~1150W。通过注入锁频抑制了磁控管输出信号的边带噪声,提高注入功率拓宽了磁控管的锁频带宽,获得了高达12.6MHz的注入锁频带宽。在同时注入双频参考信号的锁频试验中,观察到了磁控管注入双锁频、杂散抑制功和功率分配的现象。该试验的结果为用于微波大功率微放电的微波源提供了试验依据。     

基于FPGA的永磁同步电机电流环带宽拓展的比较研究

分析了电流环的数学模型,导出了电流环闭环传递函数,得出带宽的大小与系统延时的大小成反比。传统基于数字信号处理器的PMSM电流环的延时比较大,转速变化越大,带宽的影响越明显,而采用现场可编程门阵列FPGA控制的PMSM,可以将电流环的延时缩小一倍,进而改善速度环的响应能力并试验验证理论分析。     

双色测温系统的研究

本文介绍了一种用微机控制的双色测温系统。简要描述了双色测温系统的测量原理和系统结构，着重对发射率和谱线带宽的影响进行了分析，提出采用仿真处理修正测量误差的方法，从而实现了物体表面温度的高精度自动测量，最后给出了仿真修正的结果。     

Index allocation for a reusable LOX/CH4 rocket engine

Reusable rocket engines are the core components of reusable launch vehicles, and have thus become a major focus of aerospace engineering research in recent years. In practice, subsystem design is based on the overall index allocation of an engine; therefore, a multidisciplinary optimization approach is necessary. In this study, design of a reusable methane/liquid oxygen (LOX/CH4) rocket engine with a gas generator cycle was investigated using multidisciplinary optimization. Two parameters were chosen as design variables: pressure and fuel mix ratio of the main combustion chamber. Optimization objectives were specific impulse, structural mass, and life cycle cost of the reusable rocket engine, and constraints were assigned to each discipline according to rocket design requirements. Then, an optimization model was developed, and optimal design parameters were acquired for the LOX/CH4 rocket engine. The proposed method is effective for designing the index allocation of reusable rocket engines and takes into account the multidisciplinary nature of complex systems.     

跟踪与数据中继卫星系统资源调度优化问题

现有跟踪与数据中继卫星资源调度研究常采取简化模型,它将天线的准备时间假定为固定值,由此成为工程应用中系统利用率提升的一个瓶颈。文章借鉴时间窗约束的车辆路径问题理论,提出天线准备时间变长的规划优化问题（LOPVAPT）模型,通过优化天线的扫描路径,实现天线准备时间的动态最优取值。采用STK模拟任务过程,基于Matlab实现蚁群算法,结果表明可将系统利用率从低于80%提高到90%以上。