多台同步可靠性增长模型存在的问题

探讨多台可靠性增长模型的统计意义,指出多台同步纠正可靠性增长试验丢掉了本可得到的大量的试验信息,失去了统计试验意义,其 AMSAA-BISE模型不能成立,多台同步试验方法不可取     

含硼富燃料推进剂低压燃烧特性

通过靶线法和燃气发生器法，研究含硼富燃料推进剂低压燃烧特性，及硼团聚、AP含量与级配、添加HMX，燃速催化剂种类与含量等因素对燃烧性能的影响，研究表明：含硼富燃料低压可燃极限达0.2MPa，压强指数可达0.6。     

弹道反舰导弹靶场飞行试验安全分析

反舰导弹靶场飞行试验中,为了确保试验方案可实施,必须进行试验安全性量化分析,以确保故障弹对保护目标的威胁概率最小。根据弹道反舰导弹特点,给出量化分析基本思路,归纳导弹故障模式,分析不同故障模式下导弹落点散布,并给出量化分析计算方法。通过实例,验证计算方法的正确性和科学性。     

凹坑型硬物损伤对TC4材料疲劳强度的影响

针对风扇/压气机叶片中叶盆/叶背遭受的硬物损伤(FOD)凹坑型损伤,进行了不同冲击角度下模拟FOD试验、损伤特征与应力集中分析,开展了冲击后不处理和冲击后去残余应力退火试样的高循环疲劳试验研究和疲劳强度的预测。结果表明:损伤深度和应力集中系数均随着冲击角度的增加而变大,损伤深度范围为0.1~0.5mm,应力集中系数范围为1.3~1.7。不同冲击角度条件下,凹坑型损伤试样疲劳强度相对光滑试样下降程度在50%~70%范围内,与应力集中系数并不是呈单调下降关系,最危险冲击角为60°。去残余应力退火后凹坑型损伤试样的高循环疲劳（HCF）性能有所提高,表明残余应力的影响程度不容忽略。去残余应力试样的HCF性能并不是随应力集中系数的增大而下降,验证了微结构损伤的影响,说明损伤深度作为制定可用极限或维修极限的唯一参量具有一定的局限性。对凹坑型损伤试样的疲劳强度的预测误差在±20%以内。      

中长寿命轮盘应力寿命及可靠性分析方法

针对轮盘榫槽结构理论应力集中系数难确定、采用传统应力寿命法估寿误差大问题, 提出一种改进应力寿命预估法.改进方法包括:提出应力修正系数概念和一种适用于轮盘榫槽结构的理论应力集中系数确定方法, 以及应力比修正方法.一旦确定了试棒的应力修正系数, 改进应力寿命法可采用光滑棒试验数据预估复杂结构寿命, 并考虑应力集中影响.进而建立了基于改进应力寿命法的应力寿命可靠性分析方法, 并对某风扇盘进行了疲劳寿命可靠性分析, 计算概率寿命与试验寿命吻合良好.      

复杂外形气动力计算的阻力修正方法

基于气动力计算的位流线化理论,发展了一种亚音速附面层阻力修正方法。采用联合流场求解方法获得复杂外形的表面压力分布,在此基础上,将绕复杂外形物体沿流向面元划分为片条,在片条上,把三维附面层转换为二维附面层,对二维附面层进行数值求解,得到附面层粘性阻力修正。算例表明,该方法计算量小,与实验和N-S数值解结果吻合较好。为复杂气动外形飞行器初期设计、方案选型及评估提供了较为理想的工程设计手段。     

Comprehensive outage compensation of real-time orbit and clock corrections with broadcast ephemeris for ambiguity-fixed precise point positioning

The main challenge in real-time precise point positioning (PPP) is that the data outages or large time lags in receiving precise orbit and clock corrections greatly degrade the continuity and real-time performance of PPP positioning. To solve this problem, instead of directly predicting orbit and clock corrections in previous researches, this paper presents an alternative approach of generating combined corrections including orbit error, satellite clock and receiver-related error with broadcast ephemeris. Using ambiguities and satellite fractional-cycle biases (FCBs) of previous epoch and the short-term predicted tropospheric delay through linear extrapolation model (LEM), combined corrections at current epoch are retrieved and weighted with multiple reference stations, and further broadcast to user for continuous enhanced positioning during outages of orbit and clock corrections. To validate the proposed method, two reference station network with different inter-station distance from National Geodetic Survey (NGS) network are used for experiments with six different time lags (i.e., 5 s, 10 s, 15 s, 30 s, 45 s and 60 s), and one set of data collected by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is also used. The performance of LEM is investigated, and the troposphere prediction accuracy of low elevation (e.g., 10–20degrees) satellites has been improved by 44.1% to 79.0%. The average accuracy of combined corrections before and after LEM is used is improved by 12.5% to 77.3%. Without LEM, an accuracy of 2–3 cm can be maintained only in case of small time lags, while the accuracies with LEM are all better than 2 cm in case of different time lags. The performance of simulated kinematic PPP at user end is assessed in terms of positioning accuracy and epoch fix rate. In case of different time lags, after LEM is used, the average accuracy in horizontal direction is better than 3 cm, and the accuracy in up direction is better than 5 cm. At the same time, the epoch fix rate has also increased to varying degrees. The results of the UAV data show that in real kinematic environment, the proposed method can still maintain a positioning accuracy of several centimeters in case of 20 s time lag.     

Correction method of airfoil thickness effect in hinge moment calculation of a folding wing

The influences of airfoil thickness on the aerodynamic loading distribution and the hinge moments of folding wing aircraft are presented in this work. The traditional panel method shows deficiencies in the calculation of folding wing’s hinge moments. Thus, a thickness correction strategy for the aerodynamic model with CFD results is proposed, and an aeroelastic flight simulation platform is constructed based on the secondary development of ADAMS. Based on the platform, the developed aerodynamic model is verified, then the flight-folding process of the folding wing aircraft is simulated, and the influences of airfoil thickness on the results are investigated. Results show that the developed aerodynamic model can effectively describe the thickness effect of the folding wing. Airfoil thickness, which cannot be considered by the panel method, has a great influence on the hinge moments during the folding process, and the thickness correction has great significance in the calculation of folding wing’s hinge moments.     

考虑星敏感器安装误差的弹道导弹捷联星光/惯性复合制导

弹道导弹捷联星光/惯性制导是在惯性制导基础上辅以星光修正的一种复合制导方法，能够显著提高导弹制导精度。由于星敏感器捷联安装在弹体上，安装误差会影响恒星测量的精度，进而影响复合制导精度，为此提出一种在线辨识并修正星敏感器安装误差的复合制导方法。建立了星敏感器观测量与数学平台失准角、星敏感器安装误差的关系方程，在导弹主动段关机后测量3颗独立的恒星获得6个观测量，利用最小二乘法估计出失准角和星敏感器安装、误差。改进了星光/惯性复合制导的最佳修正系数确定方程，直接修正了星敏感器安装误差的影响。数值仿真结果表明：所提方法可以有效地估计平台失准角和星敏感器安装误差，提高了捷联星光/惯性复合制导的精度。     

装备研制项目的模糊挣值管理方法

由于装备研制项目广泛存在着技术风险,其预算成本难以用确定数描述,而现有挣值管理技术通常用确定数描述项目费用基线,忽视了项目的技术风险因素。为此,将技术风险引入挣值管理(EVM)方法,提出了一种装备研制项目的模糊挣值管理(FEVM)改进方法。该方法充分考虑了装备研制中的技术风险问题,利用技术成熟度(TRL)对项目计划成本进行估算,在此基础上,利用模糊数学理论,给出了一种基于可能度的高风险项目的成本和进度的模糊评价标准,并对项目的完工成本(ECC)和完工时间(ECT)进行了模糊预测。最后,通过案例对文中的方法进行了阐述。该方法针对装备研制项目技术风险大的特点,进一步拓展了挣值管理的适用性,对于决策者控制风险、保证项目的费用和进度具有一定指导意义和参考价值。