Three-dimensional analysis of relationship between relative orientation and motion modes

Target motion modes have a close relationship with the relative orientation of missile-totarget in three-dimensional highly maneuvering target interception. From the perspective of relationship between the sensor coordinate system and the target body coordinate system, a basic model of sensor is stated and the definition of relative angular velocity between the two coordinate systems is introduced firstly. Then, the three-dimensional analytic expressions of relative angular velocity for different motion modes are derived and simplified by analyzing the influences of target centroid motion, rotation around centroid and relative motion. Finally, the relationships of the relative angular velocity directions and values with motion modes are discussed. Simulation results validate the rationality of the theoretical analysis. It is demonstrated that there are significant differences of the relative orientation in different motion modes which include luxuriant information about motion modes. The conclusions are significant for the research of motion mode identification,maneuver detection, maneuvering target tracking and interception using target signatures.     

Navigation sensors and systems in GNSS degraded and denied environments

Position, velocity, and timing(PVT) signals from the Global Positioning System(GPS)are used throughout the world but the availability and reliability of these signals in all environments has become a subject of concern for both civilian and military applications. This presentation summarizes recent advances in navigation sensor technology, including GPS, inertial, and other navigation aids that address these concerns. Also addressed are developments in sensor integration technology with several examples described, including the Bluefin-21 system mechanization.     

基于预处理和网格自适应的风力机翼型气动力计算

用预处理后的Navier-Stokes方程数值模拟低马赫数下风力机翼型的静态和动态绕流流动。为了提高计算的精度,运用了网格自适应技术:初始网格的流场计算收敛后,采用流场速度的紊乱度捕捉湍流区域;采用直接分裂初始父单元的H型网格加密方法对湍流区域进行局部加密。基于初始网格与自适应网格的计算结果与实验结果的对比表明,网格自适应方法提高了计算的精度。     

明渠恒定均匀流试验中尾门的影响范围

利用PIV测量了明渠恒定均匀流中离尾门（活页式及闸板式）不同距离的9条断面中垂线的流速分布,分析了尾门对中垂线时均流速、紊动强度、雷诺应力及能谱特征的影响范围。对比活页式和闸板式两种尾门的差异可以发现,闸板尾门对时均流速的影响要明显大于活页尾门,而对于脉动强度、雷诺应力和能谱特征的影响,二者差异可以忽略。对于时均流速,在距离50h后两种尾门的影响均小于1.0%;对于纵向紊动强度、垂向紊动强度及雷诺应力,以4.0%、4.0%、10.0%作为衡量标准,尾门的影响距离分别为35h、25h、30h;对于纵、垂向能谱特征参数k50,以偏差值15.0%、6.0%作为标准,尾门的影响距离分别为35h和40h。     

氢气泡法图像的数字化处理分析

对氢气泡法产生的时间线进行数字化,把图像的灰度分布存入数组进行运算,识别氢气泡时间线的前缘和后缘。根据距氢气泡发生线最近的两条时间线的前缘或后缘间距以及氢气泡时间线的时间间隔,计算流速分布。本文还提出一种测量湍流结构的速度的方法,简称结构相关法:对两幅一定时间间隔的氢气泡图像进行数字化得到灰度数组,圈定拟序结构的一部分,利用相关原理比较两图像的数组,得到所圈定拟序结构的位移,进而求得其运动速度。     

中华世纪坛旋转圆坛旋转平稳性测试

介绍了两种旋转平稳性的测试方法。角速率均匀性的经纬仪测量法和水平跳动的水平仪测量法,精确度高,简单方便,亦可作为其它相似建筑的旋转平稳性的测试方法。     

轴流压气机近失速及旋转失速全通道数值模拟

为研究轴流压气机失速起始的动态过程,对某两级低速轴流压气机的第1级进行整环全通道模拟.结果表明:在近失速点流场中存在周向大尺度的速度波动,该波动与静子叶排首先出现的周向不均匀分布的叶背附面层分离密切相关,并且随着压气机进一步节流,波动幅值逐渐增大,最终诱发转子若干通道出现严重附面层分离,堵塞流道,压气机进入旋转失速.失速团完全发展后的转动频率与试验结果吻合较好.      

一种精度可调的速度测量系统的设计与实现

根据常用的频率采集方法,结合速度矢量信号的特点,提出了将速度矢量信号转换为不同相位的频率信号以实现速度矢量采集的设计思路,通过软硬件结合的方式实现速度采集系统.为提高系统的测试性,设计了自激励测试电路.为了解决速度变化带来的采样精度低问题,设计了采样时钟自动调整机制.经测试,采集结果准确,精度可调,可满足系统要求.     

One dimensional blood flow in a planetocentric orbit

All life on earth is accustomed to the presence of gravity. When gravity is altered, biological processes can go awry. It is of great importance to ensure safety during a spaceflight. Long term exposure to microgravity can trigger detrimental physiological responses in the human body. Fluid redistribution coupled with fluid loss is one of the effects. In particular, in microgravity blood volume is shifted towards the thorax and head. Sympathetic nervous system-induced vasoconstriction is needed to maintain arterial pressure, while venoconstriction limits venous pooling of blood prevents further reductions in venous return of blood to the heart. In this paper, we modify an existing one dimensional blood flow model with the inclusion of the hydrostatic pressure gradient that further depends on the gravitational field modified by the oblateness and rotation of the Earth. We find that the velocity of the blood flow V_B is inversely proportional to the blood specific volume d, also proportional to the oblateness harmonic coefficient J₂, the angular velocity of the Earth ω_E, and finally proportional to an arbitrary constant c. For c = −0.39073 and ξ_H = −0.5 mmHg, all orbits result to less blood flow velocities than that calculated on the surface of the Earth. From all considered orbits, elliptical polar orbit of eccentricity e = 0.2 exhibit the largest flow velocity V_B = 1.031 m/s, followed by the orbits of inclination i = 45°and 0°. The Earth’s oblateness and its rotation contribute a 0.7% difference to the blood flow velocity.     

一种负升力超高声速临近空间突击飞行概念

提出一种飞行高度70 km以上的超高速临近空间飞行概念,旨在通过火箭发动机克服大气阻力作用,通过负升力达到"增加"地球引力常数的等效效果,实现高于地球环绕速度的突击飞行,具有速度快、航程远的特点.分析了等高度巡航过程的受力情况,对气动参数选取、能量需求等问题进行了分析,给出了这类飞行器可能运行的空间区域.分析表明,该飞行方式可以实现在40 min内全球到达.