卫星姿控发动机喷管羽流撞击效应试验

在高超声速低密度风洞中试验研究了卫星姿控发动机喷管羽流对平板模型的撞击效应,包括气动力和气动热效应。试验气体为加热的氮气。对两个卫星姿态控制发动机喷管的十种实验状态进行了测量。测出了平行于喷管轴线的平板模型上的压力分布和温度变化及处于喷管上方后流区的挡板的温度变化,给出了平板模型上的气动力和气动热分布规律,并判断是否形成后流区。测量结果表明,试验结果可靠,具有工程应用价值,能为姿控发动机在卫星上的布局提供参考。     

含边界和损伤因素的纺织复合材料细观胞元模型

纺织复合材料的细观力学分析通常以胞元模型为基础,胞元边界条件的合理施加是获得精确分析结果的关键之一。本文以平面机织复合材料为例,讨论了细观胞元的选取和周期边界条件的施加方法,在此基础上建立了二维细观有限元模型,通过与全厚度模型分析结果的比较,研究了周期胞元模型的合理性,特别是边界效应和局部损伤等非周期因素对分析结果的影响,给出了这些因素下胞元边界条件的处理方法。     

Investigation on the interface damage in drilling low-stiffness CFRP/Ti stacks

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic and titanium alloy (CFRP/Ti) stacks have been widely used as aerospace structures because of their excellent combination of physical properties. Interface damage caused by interface gaps, significantly different from that of metal/metal stacks, is a common problem in the through-hole drilling of CFRP/Ti stacks with low stiffness. In this study, a force–deformation coupling model was developed to further examine the formation mechanism and the control method of interface damage. Firstly, the coupling model was built considering the interaction between the thrust force and the deformation. To solve this model, a numerical method was proposed in which specific cutting coefficients were calibrated using only the thrust force of rigid stacks. Secondly, drilling experiments were performed with different feed rates and bending stiffness. Experimental results indicate that interface damage mainly includes interlayer chips and surface damage of CFRP layers. The surface damage, which is irreparable, is caused by the rotary extension of metal chips along the interlayer gap. Thirdly, variations of the interface gap were calculated with the coupling model that had been verified by measured thrust forces. The damage area was found to have a linear dependence relation with the interlayer gap. However, in conditions of large gap sizes, the interface damage areas increased with the interlayer gap at high feed rates, while decreasing slightly at low feed rates. This phenomenon was satisfactorily explained by the presented model. Finally, a method was proposed to determine the appropriate pressure exceeding which no interlayer damage will occur. Additional drilling experiments proved the method effective. This study leads to further understanding of the forming mechanism of interlayer damage and of selecting appropriate parameters in drilling low-stiffness composite/metal stacks.     

PROBLEMS OF WINDBLAST

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Latitude and solar-cycle dependence of radial IMF intensity

I describe a simple procedure for extrapolating the observed solar magnetic field into the heliosphere, which averages the asymptotic fields computed using the standard source surface and current sheet models. The resultant field is characterized by strong latitudinal gradients (maintained by volume currents outside the source surface) and by abrupt reversals in direction at the current sheets. The model yields good agreement with the observed long-term variation of the radial IMF component in the ecliptic, and is used to predict the variation of |B _r | along the latitudinal trajectory of Ulysses during 1990–1994. As found in earlier studies, the magnitude ofB _r at any latitude is determined largely by the strength and relative orientation of the Sun's dipole moment.     

基于PID控制的主动磁轴承-飞轮转子系统运动稳定性研究

磁悬浮支承应用于控制力矩陀螺具有很多优点,但是飞轮转子在高转速下表现出的陀螺效应是影响系统稳定性的主要因素。现研究了由于陀螺效应产生的章动和进动造成系统失稳的根本原因,并对控制系统提出改进方案。为研究方便,提出了相位分析的方法进行PID控制系统分析。研究结果表明,章动失稳的主要原因是系统的相位滞后引起,进动失稳主要因为积分控制项对系统负阻尼作用引起,同时,研究表明积分控制对系统章动稳定性影响很小。     

商用微电子技术在卫星辐射环境中的应用

汇总了商用器件的辐射效应,讨论了这些器件的辐射敏感度,讨论了对其危害的评估方法和必要时的回避技术,以帮助设计师和项目管理人员在空间辐射环境中用好这些商用器件。     

潜藏电路分析与故障模式影响分析相结合

把故障模式影响分析和潜藏电路分析相结合成一种可靠性综合分析方法可能性进行了专门论述，并举列加以说明，论证了此综合分析方法比任何单独的ＳＣＡ和ＦＭＥＡ能对系统进行更彻底地检查验证。     

Love Waves in Layered Graded Composite Structures with Imperfectly Bonded Interface

Theoretical analysis and numerical calculations of Love wave propagation in layered graded composites with imperfectly bonded interface are described in this paper. On the basis of WKB method, the approximate analytic solutions for Love waves are obtained. By the interface shear spring model, the dispersion relations for Love waves in layered graded composite structures with rigid, slip, and imperfectly bonded interfaces are given, and the effects of the interface conditions on the phase velocities of Love waves in SiC/Al lay- ered graded composites are discussed. Numerical analysis shows that the phase velocity decreases when the defined flexibility parameter is greater. For the general imperfectly bonded interface, the phase velocity changes in the range of the velocities for the rigid and slip interface conditions.     

Analysis of long-endurance station-keeping flight scenarios for stratospheric airships in the presence of thermal effects

The ability to achieve long-endurance station-keeping flights makes stratospheric airships desirable platforms for the provision of communication and surveillance services. To maintain long-endurance flights, it is necessary to consider the problem of energy consumption. In this paper, we discuss long-endurance flight scenarios of stratospheric airships in the presence of thermal effects. The balance between buoyancy and gravity is influenced by thermal effects during the diurnal cycle. We perform a theoretical analysis based on the helium’s mass, pressure differential, and altitude as the main factors. To verify the effectiveness of the control over the pressure differential and the altitude, three long-endurance flight scenarios are proposed and compared. Then, the corresponding optimization problems are constructed to determine the energy-minimum flight. Finally, further efforts are made to reduce energy consumption. The realization and limitations of two strategies for improvement are analyzed. A comparison with other scenarios shows the effectiveness of energy conservation. The study in this paper thus provides a reference for station-keeping applications of stratospheric airships.