英语听力理解中话语标记语的语用效应

从话语标记语这个切入点来分析其与英语听力理解的关系，以便更好地促进教师对听力理解话语标识语的重视以及学生在此方面自我意识的提高。     

Ascent trajectory optimization for stratospheric airship with thermal effects

Ascent trajectory optimization with thermal effects is addressed for a stratospheric airship. Basic thermal characteristics of the stratospheric airship are introduced. Besides, the airship’s equations of motion are constructed by including the factors about aerodynamic force, added mass and wind profiles which are developed based on horizontal-wind model. For both minimum-time and minimum-energy flights during ascent, the trajectory optimization problem is described with the path and terminal constraints in different scenarios and then, is converted into a parameter optimization problem by a direct collocation method. Sparse Nonlinear OPTimizer(SNOPT) is employed as a nonlinear programming solver and two scenarios are adopted. The solutions obtained illustrate that the trajectories are greatly affected by the thermal behaviors which prolong the daytime minimum-time flights of about 20.8% compared with that of nighttime in scenario 1 and of about 10.5% in scenario 2. And there is the same trend for minimum-energy flights. For the energy consumption of minimum-time flights, 6% decrease is abstained in scenario 1 and 5% decrease in scenario 2. However, a few energy consumption reduction is achieved for minimum-energy flights. Solar radiation is the principal component and the natural wind also affects the thermal behaviors of stratospheric airship during ascent. The relationship between take-off time and performance of airship during ascent is discussed. it is found that the take-off time at dusk is best choice for stratospheric airship. And in addition, for saving energy, airship prefers to fly downwind.     

Preliminary results of TEC measurements in Guwahati,India

A dual frequency GPS receiver was installed in Guwahati, India (latitude 26.2°N, longitude 91.75°E, dip +35°) in January 2006 in the framework of an Indian–Russian project of seismo-ionospheric effects searching and investigation. It is quite clear that manifestations of such effects should be strongly dependent (among others) on regional features of ionosphere. In our case formation of the equatorial anomaly will affect the results. So, the data of half a year of observations were analyzed to establish the behavior of Total Electron Content (TEC) in a region of Northern crest of the equatorial anomaly in quiet helio-geophysical conditions as a background for detecting the impact of effects from below.     

影响氢原子钟长期稳定度的系统效应分析

进一步改进氢钟的频率稳定度，需要了解影响频率稳定度的各个过程及其影响的相对大小。讨论影响氢钟频率稳定度的各种系统过程。这种分析能够使钟的研制者和用户去识别稳定度的限制因素并加以选择以便改进。     

ANALYSIS OF THE RETURNED SIGNAL MODEL IN BISTATIC RADAR SYSTEMS

ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＴＨＥＲＥＴＵＲＮＥＤＳＩＧＮＡＬＭＯＤＥＬＩＮＢＩＳＴＡＴＩＣＲＡＤＡＲＳＹＳＴＥＭＳＹｉｎＣｈｅｎｇｙｏｕ，ＸｕＳｈａｎｊｉａ，ＷａｎｇＤｏｎｇｊｉｎ，ＺｈｏｕＬｉｎｙｕｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃＥｎｇｉ...     

Radiation efects on MHD stagnation point flow of nano fluid towards a stretching surface with convective boundary condition

The aim of the present paper is to study the numerical solutions of the steady MHD two dimensional stagnation point flow of an incompressible nano fluid towards a stretching cylinder.The effects of radiation and convective boundary condition are also taken into account.The model used for the nanofluid incorporates the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis.The resulting nonlinear momentum,energy and nano particle equations are simplifed using similarity transformations.Numerical solutions have been obtained for the velocity,temperature and nanoparticle fraction profles.The influence of physical parameters on the velocity,temperature,nanoparticle fraction,rates of heat transfer and nanoparticle fraction are shown graphically.     

试论会计发展的利益驱动

本文对会计发展的动因进行了反思，提出了会计发展直接受关系人利益驱动的观点。     

关于风洞侧壁效应的原理

本文讨论了关于风洞侧壁效应原理的几种不同的理论解释,即尾涡模型,位移效应模型和前缘马蹄涡模型。从实验观察和基本原理两个方面对上述不同解释进行了考察。指出原有理论存在不同程度的缺陷和片面性。在此基础上对侧壁效应原理提出了较为全面的解释。     

质子和电子对光学反射镜辐射效应的研究

研究了能量为E=160keV质子和电子单独及综合辐照作用对两种空间反射镜光学表面的影响。观察到在辐照剂量达到Φ=10×105/cm2后反射镜表面形咸了明显的结构缺陷,并导致某些谱段反射率的降低和成像质量的下降。辐照诱发缺陷的类型及分布特征除与粒子种类和反射镜结构有关外,还依赖于试样的接地方式。质子幅照主要引起反射镜表面膜层的起泡现象;电子辐照则使SiO2保护膜着色;综合辐照的影响复杂,尤其是在接近于空间使用条件的第二种接地方式下,起泡现象和静电效应成为镜面损伤的主要机制。     

CBERS-1卫星IRMSS数据在冀中地区应用评价研究

通过冀中保定—廊坊地区典型研究中采用的CBERS_1卫星IRMSS数据 ,对数据图像的质量、图像信息的处理方法和专业应用潜力进行评价。通过快速评价 ,以评估IRMSS不同波段数据的应用效果 ,加速IRMSS数据的推广应用。