Mapping orbits around the asteroid 2001SN263

The present paper has the goal of mapping orbits, with respect to the perturbations, for a spacecraft traveling around the asteroid 2001SN₂₆₃. This asteroid is a triple system, which center of mass is in an elliptic orbit around the Sun. The perturbations considered in the present model are the ones due to the oblateness of the central body, the gravity field of the two satellite bodies (Beta and Gamma), the Sun, the Moon, the asteroids Vesta, Pallas and Ceres and all the planets of the Solar System. This mapping is important, because it shows the relative importance of each force for a given orbit for the spacecraft, helping to make a decision about which forces need to be included in the model for a given accuracy and nominal orbit. Another important application of this type of mapping is to find orbits that are less perturbed, since it is expected that those orbits have good potential to require a smaller number of station-keeping maneuvers. Simulations under different conditions are made to find those orbits. The main reason to study those trajectories is that, currently, there are several institutions in Brazil studying the possibility to make a mission to send a spacecraft to this asteroid (the so-called ASTER mission), because there are many important scientific studies that can be performed in that system. The results showed that Gamma is the main perturbing body, followed by Beta (10 times smaller) and the group Sun–Mars-oblateness of Alpha, with perturbations 1000 times weaker than the effects of Gamma. The other bodies have perturbations 10⁷ times smaller. The results also showed that circular and polar orbits are less perturbed, when compared to elliptical and equatorial orbits. Regarding the semi-major axis, an internal orbit is the best choice, followed by a larger external orbit. The inclination of the orbit plays an important role, and there are values for the inclination where the perturbations show minimum and maximum values, so it is important to make a good decision on those values.     

测试有效性对软件可靠性验证测试量的影响

针对传统软件可靠性验证测试方法均不考虑软件测试性可能会对验证测试用例数量产生影响的现状,提出一种引入测试有效性对软件可靠性验证测试最小量进行改进的方法.分析了软件测试性的定义及其对软件可靠性测试集合的影响,提出软件测试有效性的概念.比较了考虑测试有效性前后软件可靠性验证测试集合在数量上的差异,证明经典统计方法和无先验知识的Bayesian统计推断方法确定的均为假定测试有效性为零情况下的保守估计.提出结合测试有效性的验证测试量的量化表示模型和验证测试方案的改进方法,基于统计故障注入的原理,提出测试有效性的定量评估方法,最后通过示例给出定量评估过程和方法.      

电磁多尺度和非线性效应分析

微观尺度上的结构和电接触特性对于宏观尺度上的电磁特性具有重要的影响.针对多尺度结构的非线性无源互调(PIM)无法用频域方法直接计算的问题,提出了基于Floquet理论的全波方法,对具有周期性微观结构的多尺度电大尺寸问题进行计算,从而准确地计算其电特性.此外,将产生非线性的金属结的等效电路模型引入到全波分析方法中,通过全波方法与等效电路方法相结合的方式来分析多尺度结构的无源互调问题.数值计算结果表明该方法可以有效地评估微观结构对于宏观结构电性能的影响,并解决了时域方法求解电大尺寸微波部件产生的计算累积误差较大这一难题.      

真空与磁场热处理改善FeCo合金的软磁性能

针对发电机中转子用FeCo合金(国产牌号1J22)进行了组织结构与磁性能的研究.通过对该合金进行真空处理以及磁场热处理,研究了组织结构对软磁性能的影响规律;研究了附加磁场强度以及热处理温度对磁场处理效果的影响,并结合该合金的磁致伸缩伸缩系数的变化规律,分析了磁场热处理效果的微观机制.当合金组织为轧制态时,磁场热处理效果不明显;在合金的再结晶温度以上进行磁场热处理时,获得了显著的磁场热处理效果,矫顽力下降至72A/m(0~9Oe)以下.     

改性双基推进剂拉压不对称力学性能研究

针对改性双基推进剂在不同载荷条件下表现出不同力学响应的现象,对其进行了恒应变率拉伸和压缩试验及蠕变拉伸和压缩试验,获得了4组应变率下拉压应力-应变曲线和3组温度下拉压蠕变-时间曲线,使用应力和应变拉压不对称因子反映了拉伸和压缩曲线的不对称程度。结果表明,改性双基推进剂具有明显的拉压不对称力学性能,且该性能受到应变率和温度的影响。分析了改性双基推进剂具有拉压不对称性的内在成因,认为材料初始缺陷的扩展、材料分子链移动空间的变化、基体材料与填充颗粒材料力学性能的不同是导致改性双基推进剂具有拉压不对称力学性能的内在原因。     

Experimental Investigation on Performance of Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine Model

The PDRE test model used in these experiments utilized kerosene as the fuel, oxygen as oxidizer, and nitrogen as purge gas. The solenoid valves were employed to control intermittent supplies of kerosene, oxygen and purge gas. PDRE test model was 50 mm in inner diameter by 1.2 m long. The DDT （deflagration to detonation transition） enhancement device Shchelkin spiral was used in the test model. The effects of detonation frequency on its time-averaged thrust and specific impulse were experimentally investigated. The obtained results showes that the time-averaged thrust of PDRE test model was approximately proportional to the detonation frequency. For the detonation frequency 20 Hz, the time-averaged thrust was around 107 N, and the specific impulse was around 125 s. The nozzle experiments were conducted using PDRE test model with three traditional nozzles. The experimental results obtained demonstrated that all of those nozzles could augment the thrust and specific impulse. Among those three nozzles, the convergent nozzle had the largest increased augmentation, which was approximately 18%, under the specific condition of the experiment.     

Effects of Atomic Oxygen Irradiation on Transparent Conductive Oxide Thin Films

作为一种功能薄膜,透明导电氧化物(TCO)薄膜在飞行器的抗原子氧(AO)涂层和太阳能电池领域有着巨大的应用价值。ZnO:Al(ZAO)和In2O3:Sn(ITO)薄膜是目前研究和应用最广泛的TCO。本文对ITO薄膜和ZAO薄膜进行了不同通量的AO辐照。通过对辐照前后样品的X射线衍射、扫描电镜及霍耳效应的表征及测试,研究了AO辐照对这两种TCO薄膜的结构、性能及电学特性的影响。研究表明AO辐照对ZAO薄膜表面有明显的侵蚀作用,但对其结构和导电性能没有明显影响。对于ITO薄膜,随着AO通量的增大,其载流子浓度逐渐下降从而导致了电阻率的提高,电阻率的最大变化达到了21.7%。     

我国空间环境及其效应监测的初步设想

随着对应用卫星长寿命、高可靠要求的不断提高,空间环境及其与航天器相互作用的在轨监测日益受到重视,基于空间环境及其效应监测的卫星在轨风险管理已成为保障航天器长寿命高可靠的重要手段。文章在分析国外相关领域的发展现状的基础上,提出我国开展空间环境及其效应监测的初步设想。     

外商直接投资对我国经济增长的效应分析

改革开放以来，伴随着我国国民经济持续高速增长，我国利用外商直接投资(FDI)的规模一直居于世界前列。外商直接投资会促进一国的经济增长。文章从资本积累、技术外溢、产业结构和就业等方面论证了FDI对我国经济增长的贡献。为了使论述更具说服力，在论述中注重运用可得数据进行量化分析，并在得出基本结论的基础上，指出了我国今后利用FDI的战略思路。     

跨国公司资产增强型对外直接投资剖析

当前，资产增强型FDI已经成为跨国公司全球经营战略中的一个最为显著的特征。为了扩大企业内部资源的数量，提高现有资产的质量，跨国公司从寻求外部的有形要素转为追逐优质的无形资产，通过组建战略技术联盟、兼并收购核心技术企业等不同方式，积极开发、吸收东道国（或竞争对手）中的各种创造性资产，以充实、提高自身的核心技术优势，保持或增强企业的创新活力和竞争实力，进一步拓展企业的生存和发展空间，为企业在国际技术竞争中占据有利地位积蓄力量。