基于扰动观测器的无人机固定时间编队协同控制

针对无人机的编队控制问题,基于虚拟领航者编队方法,提出了 1种基于固定时间超螺旋干扰观测器的反步控制策略。首先,设计了 1种固定时间超螺旋扰动观测器,以保证在固定时间内,对无人机编队机动所受扰动的快速观测;其次,针对编队控制问题,设计了基于超螺旋扰动观测器的反步控制策略,该控制器显著降低了抖振效应;然后,使用李雅普诺夫理论和固定时间理论,分析了控制策略的固定时间稳定性;最后,通过仿真算例验证了所提出的控制策略的有效性与可行性。     

考虑桥塔风效应的斜拉桥时域抖振分析

大跨度桥梁频域及时域抖振分析中通常仅考虑主梁的脉动风效应.本文根据大跨度斜拉桥结构形式及振动型态的特点,结合自然风的相关特性,对大跨度斜拉桥三维脉动风场进行简化,从而基于谱解法同时模拟了主梁及桥塔的脉动风速场.基于模拟的随机风场对结构风荷载进行时域化,进而建立系统运动控制方程.由于自激力的存在,结构的运动控制方程为非线性方程,本文提出了一种迭代方法来考虑由自激力引起的运动方程的非线性.为考察桥塔脉动风速场的影响,分别进行了考虑桥塔风场和不考虑桥塔风场两种情况下桥梁抖振响应的分析,两种方法的分析结果表明,考虑桥塔风场将显著增大桥塔横桥向抖振响应.     

跟踪与数据中继卫星系统资源调度优化问题

现有跟踪与数据中继卫星资源调度研究常采取简化模型,它将天线的准备时间假定为固定值,由此成为工程应用中系统利用率提升的一个瓶颈。文章借鉴时间窗约束的车辆路径问题理论,提出天线准备时间变长的规划优化问题（LOPVAPT）模型,通过优化天线的扫描路径,实现天线准备时间的动态最优取值。采用STK模拟任务过程,基于Matlab实现蚁群算法,结果表明可将系统利用率从低于80%提高到90%以上。     

基于优势关系粗糙集的属性约简算法

针对目前对不同信息系统下优势粗集的处理几乎都是将其划为单值完备信息系统来处理这种现象,以及基于区别矩阵和基于正域的属性约简算法是不等价的这个问题,提出了一种基于单值完备信息系统的快速属性约简算法。首先,提出了对象集约简;其次,使用基数排序思想计算;再次,结合了区别矩阵和正域约简2种算法,在大量提高算法时间复杂度的同时提高了算法的可信度;最后,采用实验验证了约简算法的实用性。     

中继卫星系统仿真软件设计与应用*

设计开发中继卫星系统仿真软件,并针对理想信道条件、I/Q幅相不平衡、幅频特性、群时延、相位噪声、功放饱和条件、非线性信道条件这七种信道,仿真16QAM和16APSK的误码率性能,并对仿真结果进行分析。利用仿真平台得出的非线性信道条件下误码率需求与所需信噪比之间的关系,可以作为完善系统技术指标的重要依据,为中继卫星系统后续建设和应用提供重要参考。     

Coordinated Multiple Spacecraft Attitude Control with Communication Time Delays and Uncertainties

In this paper, we consider the coordinated attitude control problem of spacecraft formation with communication delays, model and disturbance uncertainties, and propose novel synchronized control schemes. Since the attitude motion is essential in non-Euclidean space, thus, unlike the existing designs which describe the delayed relative attitude via linear algorithm, we treat the attitude error and the local relative attitude on the nonlinear manifold-Lie group, and attempt to obtain coupling attitude information by the natural quaternion multiplication. Our main focus is to address two problems:1) Propose a coordinated attitude controller to achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver, i.e., synchronize multiple spacecraft attitudes and track a time-varying desired attitude; 2) With known model information, we achieve the synchronized attitude maneuver with disturbances under angular velocity constraints. Especially, if the formation does not have any uncertainties, the designer can simply set the controller via an appropriate choice of control gains to avoid system actuator saturation. Our controllers are proposed based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii method and simulation of a spacecraft formation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.     

改善三元子阵测距精度方法研究

在水声领域,三元子阵测距、目标运动分析(TMA)和匹配场处理(MFP)是被动噪声测距的3种主要技术。文中以三元子阵测距声呐为研究对象,从波束形成、相关系数处理、测向精度改进等方面讨论提高时延估计精度的方法,对工程应用具有一定的参考价值。     

基于永久散射体合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术的地面沉降监测

城市施工建设及地下水开采活动日益频繁,导致城市地面沉降问题日益严重。虽然传统地面沉降监测技术的精度较高,但成本也高。近年来,星载合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术发展起来,已被用于监测大范围地表形变,具有低成本、大面积、高精度等特点。首次采用永久散射体合成孔径雷达干涉测量(PSInSAR)技术,监测上海西南某区域2017—2021年间的地面沉降。结果显示:除一处楼房外,该区域大部分地区未发生沉降,最大沉降速率约-7.10 mm/a,最大沉降量约25.43 mm。采用该技术监测沉降,一方面节省了大量的人力和物力;另一方面,本研究成果对城市地表沉降的科学防治具有重要的参考意义。     

Time variations of cosmic-ray helium isotopes with BESS-Polar I

The Balloon-borne Experiment with a Superconducting Spectrometer (BESS) is configured with a solenoidal superconducting magnet and a suite of precision particle detectors, including time-of-flight hodoscopes based on plastic scintillators, a silica-aerogel Cherenkov detector, and a high resolution tracking system with a central jet-type drift chamber. The charges of incident particles are determined from energy losses in the scintillators. Their magnetic rigidities (momentum/charge) are measured by reconstructing each particle trajectory in the magnetic field, and their velocities are obtained by using the time-of-flight system. Together, these measurements can accurately identify helium isotopes among the incoming cosmic-ray helium nuclei up to energies in the GeV per nucleon region. The BESS-Polar I instrument flew for 8.5 days over Antarctica from December 13th to December 21st, 2004. Its long-duration flight and large geometric acceptance allow the time variations of isotopic fluxes to be studied for the first time. The time variations of helium isotope fluxes are presented here for rigidities from 1.2 to 2.5 GV and results are compared to previously reported proton data and neutron monitor data.     

Real-time zenith tropospheric delays in support of numerical weather prediction applications

The Geodetic Observatory Pecný (GOP) routinely estimates near real-time zenith total delays (ZTD) from GPS permanent stations for assimilation in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models more than 12 years. Besides European regional, global and GPS and GLONASS solutions, we have recently developed real-time estimates aimed at supporting NWP nowcasting or severe weather event monitoring. While all previous solutions are based on data batch processing in a network mode, the real-time solution exploits real-time global orbits and clocks from the International GNSS Service (IGS) and Precise Point Positioning (PPP) processing strategy. New application G-Nut/Tefnut has been developed and real-time ZTDs have been continuously processed in the nine-month demonstration campaign (February–October, 2013) for selected 36 European and global stations. Resulting ZTDs can be characterized by mean standard deviations of 6–10 mm, but still remaining large biases up to 20 mm due to missing precise models in the software. These results fulfilled threshold requirements for the operational NWP nowcasting (i.e. 30 mm in ZTD). Since remaining ZTD biases can be effectively eliminated using the bias-reduction procedure prior to the assimilation, results are approaching the target requirements in terms of relative accuracy (i.e. 6 mm in ZTD). Real-time strategy and software are under the development and we foresee further improvements in reducing biases and in optimizing the accuracy within required timeliness. The real-time products from the International GNSS Service were found accurate and stable for supporting PPP-based tropospheric estimates for the NWP nowcasting.