熔铝氧化渗透合成SiC_p/Al_2O_3-Al复合材料的微观结构分析

以低成本的熔铝氧化渗透合成新方法制备了SiCp/Al2 O3 Al复合材料。借助X光电子谱 (XPS)、光学金相显微镜、透射电镜 (TEM)、X射线衍射 (XRD)等手段研究了该种复合材料的微观结构 ,并分析了影响微观结构的主要因素及其影响规律。结果表明 ,Al2 O3 和Al作为复合材料基体呈双连续分布 ,它们各自的含量可在较大范围内受SiC颗粒的粒度所控制。在熔铝氧化渗透合成的SiCp/Al2 O3 Al复合材料中 ,各组成相之间无界面反应 ,也无晶间相 ,Al2 O3 在SiC颗粒表面二次形核并直接生长的现象普遍存在 ,并由此形成了具有良好物理冶金结合的Al2 O3 SiC一体化陶瓷骨架     

The Marginal Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter for Mixed Linear/Nonlinear State Space Models

In this paper, the marginal Rao-Blackwellized particle filter （MRBPF）, which fuses the Rao-Blackwellized particle filter （RBPF） algorithm and the marginal particle filter （MPF） algorithm, is presented. The state space is divided into linear and non-linear parts, which can be estimated separately by the MPF and the optional Kalman filter. Through simulation in the terrain aided navigation （TAN） domain, it is demonstrated that, compared with the RBPF, the root mean square errors （RMSE） and the error variance of the nonlinear state estimations by the proposed MRBPF are respectively reduced by 29% and 96%, while the unique particle count is increased by 80%. It is also found that the MRBPF has better convergence properties, and analysis has shown that the existing RBPF is nothing more than a special case of the MRBPF.     

3He-Rich Solar Energetic Particle Events

³He-rich solar energetic particle (SEP) events show huge enrichments of ³He and association with kilovolt electrons and Type-III radio bursts. Observations from a new generation of high resolution instruments launched on the Wind, ACE, Yohkoh, SOHO, TRACE, and RHESSI spacecraft have revealed many new properties of these events: the particle energy spectra are found to be either power-law or curved in shape, with the ³He spectrum often being distinctly different from other species. Ultra-heavy nuclei up to >200 amu are found to be routinely present at average enrichments of >200 times solar-system abundances. The high ionization states previously observed near ∼1 MeV/nucleon have been found to decrease towards normal solar coronal values in these events. The source regions have been identified for many events, and are associated with X-ray jets and EUV flares that are associated with magnetic reconnection sites near active regions. This paper reviews the current experimental picture and theoretical models, with emphasis on the new insights found in the last few years.     

Imaging diagnostics of solar non-thermal particles

Non-thermal hard X-ray, gamma-ray and radio emission are the most direct signatures of the presence of energetic particles in the solar atmosphere. This paper lays emphasis on hard X-ray and radio imaging data, obtained during and outside flares, which reveal the sites where particles interact with the ambient medium. These observations, which provide more or less direct information on the topology and dynamics of the magnetic structures in which particles are accelerated and propagate, are discussed in the framework of the statistical flare scenario.     

基于μ综合方法的运输机纵向自动着陆控制律

研究运输机的自动着陆问题,分析了运输机自动着陆的过程与特点,采用结构奇异值μ综合的控制系统设计方法,设计了运输机的二级自动着陆控制律,实现对理想下滑线精确跟踪;并对系统的鲁棒性进行了分析.仿真结果表明,在存在飞机模型不确定性,测量噪声和外界阵风干扰的情况下,所设计的自动着陆控制律满足运输机的自动着陆要求.     

基于视觉的码头集装箱AGV导引系统

根据码头环境的特殊性,提出了一个应用在码头的集装箱装卸自动导引车(A u tom atic gu ided veh icle,AGV)系统。本系统是基于视觉导引的,采用先识别,后跟踪的方式。在识别时根据识别的标志线的特点,提出了改进的Sobe l算子和可调节参数的Hough变换的方法;在跟踪时,提出了一种用自适应模糊的负反馈来改善系统识别质量和频率稳定性的思想,并应用到了该系统中。文中还提出了一种简单有效的防止图像抖动的方式,使得传送给机车控制系统的参数更加平滑、稳定。实验证明,该系统可以满足AGV在码头工作环境中的全天候工作,并且保证AGV在8 m/s的速度下,系统的识别精度在5 cm以内。     

基于C-W方程的近程导引制导与控制方法

根据轨道动力学建立的航天器自主交会绝对运动与相对运动动力学方程,设计了基于C-W方程的近程导引段双脉冲和多脉冲制导与控制方案。采用闭环多脉冲制导,以控制精度和燃料消耗为指标,对双脉冲、等时间间隔多脉冲和闭环多脉冲制导进行比较。仿真结果表明:闭环6脉冲制导可用于近程导引段,有一定的工程应用价值。     

基于双激光传感器的金属料锭定位方法

为了解决铸造工艺过程中人工运送料锭效率低下的问题,提出一种基于双激光传感器的料锭定位方法.通过双激光传感器扫描料锭堆并计算和存储料锭的位置与偏角,实现了料锭的定位.实验表明,该定位算法的平均误差可以达到0.33mm,上料速度提高近一倍,符合工业自动化上料的要求,可以应用于工业生产中.     

固体火箭羽流中Al2O3粒子的辐射特性

基于Lorentz-M ie电磁理论,建立了计算A l2O3粒子辐射特性,包括散射截面、吸收截面、散射系数、吸收系数、散射相函数的计算方法,并在假设粒子散射为单次、独立散射的基础上,推导了粒子系辐射特性的计算方法。采用此方法计算了含铝推进剂固体发动机尾喷流在2~5μm光谱范围内A l2O3粒子的辐射特性。结果表明,用Lorentz-M ie电磁理论计算A l2O3粒子的辐射特性是有效的、可靠的。     

颗粒传热增强对微型脉冲推力器点火过程的影响

为了分析点火药产物中炽热颗粒对固体脉冲推力器点火过程的影响,采用了颗粒对壁面的冲击热增强模型来模拟炽热颗粒对推进剂表面的传热增强效应,进行了微型脉冲推力器点火过程的数值分析。结果表明,颗粒热增强效应显著影响脉冲推力器的点火启动过程,颗粒的热增强效应显著缩短了点火延迟时间,并使点火启动过程的压强增大,点火过程对颗粒含量较少的点火药更敏感;设计微型脉冲推力器点火器时要严格匹配产物颗粒含量,并严格控制点火药量范围。