转子-支承耦合结构的模型修正研究

在转子-支承耦合结构的动力学分析过程中,结构模态参数计算结果与实验测试结果往往存在较大差异。针对此问题,应用优化算法对结构动力学模型进行修正,使计算模型能更准确地反映结构特性。建立由梁单元、盘单元、弹性支承单元组成的结构动力学有限元模型;选择优化目标函数、设计参数,并对各参数进行灵敏度分析。应用粒子群算法对选取的设计参数进行优化,得到最优模型。利用转子-滚动轴承实验器进行验证,结果表明,方法能够有效地实现转子-支承耦合结构的动力学模型修正,修正后模型更接近实际结构。     

基于构架和构件复用的飞机自动钻铆开放式数控系统

针对当前轻型自动装配系统数控系统开发过程中周期长、稳定性差的问题,提出一种基于构架和构件复用的开放式数控系统,可实现软件复用,降低开发成本和周期.结合EtherCAT工业以太网和Ethemet技术进行了钻铆系统的集成,并在单机器人自动钻铆系统和双机器人自动钻铆系统上进行了验证,验证系统可行.     

基于自适应Kalman滤波的改进PSO算法

针对基于Kalman滤波的PSO算法在设计与应用过程中存在的不足,提出了基于自适应Kalman滤波的改进PSO算法。利用粒子群状态空间Markov链模型,建立粒子群系统状态方程;采用粒子的速度和位置作为观测量,构建观测方程;引入记忆衰减因子动态调整Kalman滤波模型参数及噪声方差阵,降低模型误差,提高粒子的位置估计精度。仿真实验表明:改进的PSO算法无论在优化精度、收敛速度,还是在稳定性方面都有很大的改进和提高,这就有效避免了粒子的"早熟"收敛问题;尤其在处理复杂多峰问题上,改进算法表现出很明显的优越性。     

基于粒子群算法的极短弧定轨

针对经典的初轨计算方法在极短弧定轨中不适用的情况,建立了一种基于粒子群算法的极短弧(TooShort-Arc,TSA)定轨的计算方法。该方法将问题转化为两个三变量的分层优化问题,采用(a,e,M)作为优选变量,在保持问题维数较低的同时,实现了计算结果和观测资料的解耦。由于实测资料处理中的野值剔除方法不适用于粒子群算法,所以,采用稳健估计法,通过在适值函数中使用最小中值二乘准则,实现了稳健的极短弧计算方法。同时,应用MATLAB计算软件,选用缺省参数实现该算法,以进行数据验证。基于实测数据的数值验证表明,方法对于近圆轨道目标30s以下的弧段仍可以获得有效的结果,10s弧段误差仅为16km。此精度满足后续处理的需要,且方法稳健,具有很高的崩溃点。     

飞机自动着陆纵向块对角控制器设计

在阐述了块对角控制理论和分析飞机运动特性的基础上,把飞机纵向运动方程转化为块对角非线性系统,并设计了飞机自动着陆纵向块对角控制器。仿真结果表明,该控制器能够控制飞机自动着陆,跟踪性能良好。     

2 AU以内的“渐进型”太阳高能粒子事件模拟

太阳高能粒子（Solar Energetic Particle,SEP）事件是影响地球空间以及深空辐射环境的主要因素之一。“渐进型”太阳高能粒子事件中的高能粒子主要来自于日冕物质抛射（Coronal Mass Ejection,CME）所驱动的激波扩散加速（Diffusive Shock Acceleration,DSA）过程。CME驱动的激波在行星际的传播过程中,其结构不断演化,进而影响到高能粒子的加速过程。本文利用二维太阳高能粒子加速和传播模型,对发生于2014年4月18日的太阳高能粒子事件实例进行了数值模拟。模型考察了黄道面上2 AU的距离以内包含地球所在位置的4个不同点,分别计算了每个点上高能粒子的通量。数值模拟的结果表明：黄道面内不同位置的观察点,与激波波前的磁力线连接不同,从而导致观察点处高能粒子的通量有着显著的差异。该模型的计算结果可以为深空探测计划开展辐射环境研究提供必要的输入。     

Modelling ignition probability with pairwise mixing-reaction model for flame particle tracking

Reduced order models for ignition analysis can offer insights into ignition processes and facilitate the combustor optimization. In this study, a Pairwise Mixing-Reaction (PMR) model is formulated to model the interaction between the flame particle and the surrounding cell mixture during Lagrangian flame particle tracking. Specifically, the model accounts for the two-way coupling of mass and energy between the flame particle and the surrounding shell layer by modelling the corresponding turbulent mixing, chemical reaction and evaporation process if present. The state of a flame particle, e.g., burnt, hot gas or extinguished, is determined based on particle temperature. This model can properly describe the ignition process with a spark kernel being initiated in a nonflammable region, which is of practical importance in certain turbine engines and has not been rigorously accounted for by the existing models based on the estimation of local Karlovitz number. The model is integrated into an ignition probability analysis platform and is demonstrated for a methane/air bluff-body flame with the flow and fuel/air mixing characteristics being extracted from a non-reacting simulation. The results show that for the spark location being at the extreme fuel-lean outer shear layer of the recirculation zone, PMR can yield ignition events with a significant number of active flame particles. The mechanisms for the survival of the initial flame particles and the entrainment of the survived flame particles into the recirculation zone are analyzed. The results also show that the ignition probability map from PMR agrees well with the experimental observation: a high ignition probability in the shear layer of the recirculation zone near the mean stoichiometric surface, and low ignition probabilities inside the recirculation zone and the top stagnation region of the recirculation zone. The parametric study shows that the predicted shape of the ignition progress factor and ignition probability is in general insensitive to the model parameters and the model is adequate for quantifying the regions with high ignition probabilities.     

整体壳段典型特征高效模块化编程技术

整体壳段为航天产品核心零部件，具有结构复杂、尺寸精度高、材料去除率大、工艺过程复杂、加工周期长等特点。在壳段数控加工过程中，存在编程难度大、重复工作量大、效率低及编程质量与编程人员能力水平密切相关等问题。为了适应高效、高可靠性的任务需求，依托成熟商用CAM软件，通过对整体壳段典型特征的分析，基于UG NX软件平台研究并开发了典型特征自动化编程模块，有效提高了加工程序的质量稳定性，并极大降低了工艺人员的编程操作量，提高了工艺设计效率。     

Inverse identification of constitutive parameters of Ti2AlNb intermetallic alloys based on cooperative particle swarm optimization

Ti₂AlNb intermetallic alloy is a relatively newly developed high-temperature-resistant structural material, which is expected to replace nickel-based super alloys for thermally and mechanically stressed components in aeronautic and automotive engines due to its excellent mechanical properties and high strength retention at elevated temperature. The aim of this work is to present a fast and reliable methodology of inverse identification of constitutive model parameters directly from cutting experiments. FE-machining simulations implemented with a modified Johnson-Cook (TANH) constitutive model are performed to establish the robust link between observables and constitutive parameters. A series of orthogonal cutting experiments with varied cutting parameters is carried out to allow an exact comparison to the 2D FE-simulations. A cooperative particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed and implemented into the Matlab programs to identify the enormous constitutive parameters. Results show that the simulation observables (i.e., cutting forces, chip morphologies, cutting temperature) implemented with the identified optimal material constants have high consistency with those obtained from experiments, which illustrates that the FE-machining models using the identified parameters obtained from the proposed methodology could be predicted in a close agreement to the experiments. Considering the wide range of the applied unknown parameters number, the proposed inverse methodology of identifying constitutive equations shows excellent prospect, and it can be used for other newly developed metal materials.