Time delay compensation in lateral-directional flight control systems at high angles of attack

The previous studies of time delay compensation in flight control systems are all based on the conventional aerodynamic derivative model and conducted in longitudinal motions at low angles of attack. In this investigation, the effects of time delay on the lateral-directional stability augmentation system in high-α regime are discussed based on the $\dot{\beta }$ model, which is proposed in our previous work and proved as a more accurate aerodynamic model to reveal the lateral-directional unsteady aerodynamic characteristics at high angles of attack. Both the $\dot{\beta }$ model and the quasi-steady model are used for simulating the effects of time delay on the flying qualities in high-α maneuvers. The comparison between the simulation results shows that the flying qualities are much more sensitive to the mismatch of feedback gains than the state errors caused by time delay. Then a typical adaptive controller based on the conventional dynamic derivative model and a gain-prediction compensator based on $\dot{\beta }$ model are designed to address the time delay in different maneuvers. The simulation results show that the gain-prediction compensator is much simpler and more efficient at high angles of attack. Finally, the gain-prediction compensator is combined with a linearized $\dot{\beta }$ model reference adaptive controller to compensate the adverse effects of very large time delay, which exhibits excellent performance when addressing the extreme conditions at high angles of attack.     

三角翼大迎角绕流特性数值模拟的网格处理技术研究

研究网格对三角翼大迎角绕流特性数值模拟的影响.结果表明,网格的生成需要结合流动现象,对网格拓扑结构和网格点分布进行选择与搭配.C-H型网格适宜模拟尖前缘分离涡流态,法向网格在一定范围内应等距增长,沿流向逆压梯度较大的区域内适当增加网格点,尾迹区网格则应做上翘处理.Euler方程具有模拟三角翼旋涡及预测涡破裂特性的能力,但对二次涡等粘性引起的流动细节把握能力不足.利用层流假设的N-S方程,通过合适的网格,也可得到满意的计算结果,但对涡破裂后的强烈非定常湍流流动模拟能力不足.采用旋涡螺旋度可准确反映主涡与二次涡流动,描述旋涡的破裂现象.用轴向速度迅速减小并小于来流速度的点作为涡破裂判据似应更合理.     

7075-T6铝合金厚板FSW焊缝沿厚度方向上的显微组织演变规律

采用金相显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM）和背散射电子衍射（EBSD）技术表征7075铝合金厚板搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）焊核中心区的微观结构，研究沿焊缝厚度方向上的显微组织演变规律。结果表明，焊核中心区发生了明显的动态再结晶，由原始粗大的板条状组织转变成了细小的等轴晶；随着距焊缝上表面距离的增加，中心区等轴晶晶粒尺寸呈现逐渐增大的趋势。其中，中心区上部4 mm处的晶粒尺寸最小，仅为7.8 μm；底部19 mm处的晶粒尺寸最大，达18.6 μm。中心区动态再结晶分数随距离的增大而逐渐减小，从中心区顶部1 mm处最大值90.4%减小至底部19 mm处最小值57.5%。受动态再结晶影响，焊核中心区主要以大角度晶界（HAGB）分布为主，且中心区大角度晶界随距离的增加呈逐渐降低的趋势；但每一个典型位置处的大角度晶界分布呈现先增大后减小的趋势，且在45°左右时达到最大值；此外，中心区并没有强取向组织产生。同时，焊核中心区主要以细小、弥散的二次析出强化相η相为主，且二次析出强化相颗粒尺寸随距离的增加而呈逐渐增大的趋势，但二次析出强化相颗粒总体数量却呈相反的趋势变化。     

Study of thermo-fluidic characteristics for geometric-anisotropy Kagome truss-cored lattice

The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive comparison of the thermal insulation and heat transfer performance for Kagome truss-cored lattice along two perpendicular orientations OA and OB. Three test conditions are conducted under forced air convection for the titanium sandwich panel fabricated by 3 D printing technology. The thermo-fluidic characteristics are further explored by numerical simulation to reveal the underlying mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement.The results indicate that the orientation OB exhibits better thermal insulation than orientation OA under the identical temperature loading, while the latter outperforms the former by up to 20% higher overall heat transfer performance. In particular, the endwalls and lattice core in orientation OA achieve 9.7% and 22.5% higher area-averaged Nusselt number respectively than that in orientation OB for a given Reynolds number. The heat transfer superiority of orientation OA comes from the unique topology which induces the large scale spiral primary flows, facilitating the heat exchange between the cooling air and the surfaces of sandwich panel. However, the complex flow mixing leads to a maximum of 20% higher friction factor in orientation OA than that in orientation OB.     

飞机CAD／CAM过程中数据流向的探讨

从回顾南飞公公开展ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ工作情况入手，对ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ过程中数据流向问题进行了探讨，分析了不足之处，提出了改进数据流向的新思路。     

有翼航天飞行器高速动态气动特性试验研究

在CARDC0.6m×0.6m高速风洞中进行了航天飞机类模型的动态失速试验。在M数为0.4～1.2,迎角为0°～75°范围测量了模型的动态气动特性,研究了各种运动参数对动态气动特性的影响。结果表明,在试验范围内,俯仰振荡引起了不同程度的气动迟滞现象,各运动参数对模型的动态气动特性都有重要影响,仅在迎角约为20°～40°时,非定常法向力增量存在,相应的非定常效应较明显。     

浅析飞机的大攻角气动问题及其研究方法

本文分析了现代战斗机的发展趋势,阐明了进行大攻角/过失速机动的必要性,指出解决至今威胁着飞行安全的失速/尾旋问题仍为当代空气动力学家的重任;论述了各种研究大攻角气动问题的方法之优劣;对我国开展大攻角气动问题研究的技术途径提出了一些建议。     

高速风洞超大迎角试验技术初步研究

大迎角风洞试验技术是先进高机动飞行器研制必需的关键技术。气动中心发展的高速风洞超大迎角试验技术 ,包括大迎角机构、模型、天平等。 1 .2m风洞超大迎角试验结果与 2 .4m量级的大风洞试验数据具有较好的一致性 ,试验精度基本达到了××标准对小迎角试验精度的要求 ,表明 1 .2m风洞超大迎角试验技术研究获得了成功。     

大型民用飞机偏离特性与尾旋敏感性分析

为了研究某常规布局大型民用飞机的偏离特性与尾旋敏感性,在CARDC的FL-14水平风洞(Φ3. 2m)中进行了飞机模型的大迎角静态测力试验。通过对试验结果的充分挖掘,利用一系列的稳定性判据进行分析,获得了飞机的大致初始偏离迎角和偏离区间,并预测了飞机的尾旋敏感性。     

顺逆流向喷流干扰下二体分离气动力风洞实验研究及前体轴向力特性

本文概述了具有顺，逆流向喷流干扰的二体分离气动力风洞实验技术研究。对有喷流干扰引起的前体轴向气动力特性，作了简单的介绍。最后对有顺、逆流向喷流干扰的前体底部流动模型作了定性的描绘，可供理论研究时参考。