2007-2009谷年期间高热层大气密度的变化

在第23至第24太阳活动周的峰年之间,太阳活动谷年具有持续时间长,极低F_10.7太阳辐射通量（低至65）和超长期的零太阳黑子数记录等特点,因此是观测和研究在这种特殊背景下热层大气变化的极好机会.尤其是能充分理解和掌握在宁静环境下热层大气密度对弱太阳活动和小地磁扰动的响应特性.本文利用高度650 km以上星载大气密度探测器2007—2009年的连续探测数据进行分析,结果表明,在太阳辐射通量F_10.7极低值期间,较高热层大气密度对F_10.7的起伏具有更显著的响应变化.当F_10.7由70降至65时,日均大气密度会有4～5倍的显著降变,远大于通常大气模式中的降变值.同样在F_10.7极低值期间,较高热层大气密度对小地磁扰动也具有显著的响应增变,当日K_p指数之和由23增至30时,较高热层大气密度则会有80%～160%的强增变.     

Removing orbital debris with lasers

Orbital debris in low Earth orbit (LEO) are now sufficiently dense that the use of LEO space is threatened by runaway collision cascading. A problem predicted more than thirty years ago, the threat from debris larger than about 1 cm demands serious attention. A promising proposed solution uses a high power pulsed laser system on the Earth to make plasma jets on the objects, slowing them slightly, and causing them to re-enter and burn up in the atmosphere. In this paper, we reassess this approach in light of recent advances in low-cost, light-weight modular design for large mirrors, calculations of laser-induced orbit changes and in design of repetitive, multi-kilojoules lasers, that build on inertial fusion research. These advances now suggest that laser orbital debris removal (LODR) is the most cost-effective way to mitigate the debris problem. No other solutions have been proposed that address the whole problem of large and small debris. A LODR system will have multiple uses beyond debris removal. International cooperation will be essential for building and operating such a system.     

Passive inter-modulation scattering analysis of reflector considering contact nonlinearity

 Passive inter-modulation (PIM) is a form of nonlinear distortion caused by the inherent nonlinearities of the passive devices and components in RF/microwave system. It will degenerate the performance of communication system with broad-band channel and high-sensitivity receiver. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a model to simulate this process in order to predict the level of PIM. This paper is aimed at constructing some plate models with one-dimensional and two-dimensional contact nonlinearity sections illuminated by two-tone waves, and calculating the scattered field at a fixed-point in space using time-domain physical optics method. By taking fast Fourier transform (FFT), we get the spectrum of the scattered field and then analyze the generated PIM products. At the end of this paper, some numerical examples are presented to show the influence rules of the relative factors on PIM. The results indicate the variation of the level of PIM with the number of the nonlinear regions, the nonlinear spacing, and the incident power levels.     

卫星星体对多波束天线的散射影响分析

地球静止轨道(GEO)移动通信卫星,多采用大反射面天线及多馈源组成的空间可展开多波束天线系统,具有更高的天线增益,并提高了整体系统性能,但由于过于庞大的天线反射面和馈源阵列,在整星结构构型布局中难免由于卫星星体或其它机构部件的存在而造成散射.文章主要针对GEO移动通信卫星星体对多波束天线散射影响问题,利用仿真分析软件,...     

碘工质射频离子推力器栅极系统束流特性仿真

为分析碘工质射频离子推力器束流特性,应用粒子云网格算法（PIC）,对碘工质射频离子推力器栅极系统进行三维数值仿真。碘工质电离产物中除了大量存在的I⁺,还包含少量I₂⁺、I²⁺、I³⁺几种多价离子。对添加多价离子前后束流特性的仿真结果进行对比,得出该栅极系统离子空间分布、电势分布、离子相空间分布以及束流、束流发散角,并对变密度工况下束流大小进行统计。计算结果表明,程序能较好地模拟离子在栅极系统中的运动情况：添加多价离子后,等离子体悬浮电势有所上升,鞍点电势有所下降,但整体电势分布的变化幅度较小;添加多价离子后束流大小略有增加,束流发散角略有减小,通过理论分析可知仿真所得理论推力及理论比冲均有小幅度增加;放电室等离子体数密度增加到约2.4×10¹⁷m^-3时,该栅极系统达到了束流引出的极限,后续增大等离子体密度引出束流不增反降。模拟结果可以为碘工质射频离子推力器栅极系统的设计提供参考。     

用于SiC超光滑表面加工的大气等离子体抛光系统设计

设计了一套基于射频电容耦合放电原理的大气等离子体抛光原型装置,电容耦合等离子体炬首次被应用到了抛光系统中。针对SiC反射镜的加工实验结果表明,系统工作正常,并可以实现亚纳米级的表面粗糙度。     

航天飞机气动力辅助异面轨道变换

本文研究了以气动力作为辅助动力,实现异面圆轨道的最优变换。以目标轨道面倾角最大为优化性能指标,获得了升力和滚转角的最优控制规律。文中提出了优化问题的一种参数搜寻方法,有利于问题的求解。文末对结果作了分析,讨论,并就有关的多种变换模态作了分析、对比,表明在一定条件下,气动力辅助变换有明显的优越性。     

声光相关处理器中的付里叶光学分析

介绍了付里叶光学分析的基本原理,并将其应用于声光信号处理系统。分析了付里叶光学分析方法对于复相关运算具有的独特的方便性、对于空间及时间积分的两类声光处理系统,导出了复透射率的表达式。分析结果表明:采用付里叶光学分析声光信号处理系统是可行的,并对实践具有重要的指导意义。     

Bayesian approach to retrieval of vertical ozone profile from radiometry data

A technique for retrieving vertical distributions (profiles) of atmospheric gas constituents from data of passive remote sensing of the atmosphere is proposed. The goal of the technique based on the statistical (Bayesian) approach to solution of inverse problems is construction of probability distribution for a sought quantity throughout the interval of the studied heights. It is assumed that initial data contain measurement noise, and a priori information about properties of the profile is used. It is proposed to approximate the sought profile by a function in the form of an artificial neural network. This approximation allows optimal inclusion of a priori information into retrieval procedure, thus ensuring the most effective regularization of the problem. Efficiency of the proposed technique is demonstrated on an example of retrieval of vertical ozone profile from data of ground-based sounding of the atmosphere in the millimeter wavelength range. Results of profile retrieval from model data and from spectra of radiation temperature of the atmosphere measured in the Apatity (67° N, 33° E) in the winter of 2002–2003 are presented.     

大气紊流数字仿真的改进方法

赵震炎等提出了一种数字摸拟Dryden大气紊流的方法。该方法使用方便,并具有一定的理论基础。但是在某些步长情况下它的相关函数和Dryden模型的理论值吻合得还不够令人满意。本文从理论上分析了产生误差的原因,并且提出了改进的方法。通过相关性检验可以看到改进后的仿真结果非常符合Dryden谱的大气紊流模型。