联合截获威胁下的雷达射频隐身目标搜索算法

针对基于射频(RF)隐身需求的机载雷达目标搜索问题进行了研究。通过分析实际作战中射频辐射面临的截获威胁,提出了一种基于联合截获威胁的射频隐身性能表征方法,并给出了具体的值估算方法;对机载雷达搜索任务中辐射参数的优化问题进行了建模,并采用优化算法对目标函数进行求解。通过分析典型情景下解集的分布特点,给出了从最优解集中选取最终解的方法。结果表明,提出的射频隐身性能表征方法能更好地反映截获实现过程的多域需求,提出的雷达搜索方法能够在保证探测性能的同时,提高射频隐身性能和搜索速度,能够为相控阵雷达搜索任务中参数的优化控制提供方法和依据。     

升浮一体飞行器总体参数设计方法

临近空间飞行器近年来得到了广泛的关注和研究。为克服传统飞艇和太阳能飞机尺寸大、抗风能力差的缺点,本文提出了一种升浮一体飞行器概念方案,并对其总体参数设计方法进行研究。以能量平衡分析为核心,建立了太阳能电池系统、燃料电池系统、推进系统等子系统的数学模型,给出了适合于该飞行器的总体参数设计方法,并对总体设计参数进行了研究。结果表明,升浮一体飞行器相对于传统飞艇,体积下降了53%,长度下降了22%,起飞重量下降了4%。相对于固定翼太阳能飞机,翼展下降了52%,机翼面积减小了56%,起飞重量下降了3.5%。该类飞行器总体参数对飞行速度非常敏感,飞行速度从30 m/s提高至40 m/s时,起飞重量增加约1倍,艇体体积增大77%。提高太阳能电池、燃料电池和螺旋桨效率可有效降低起飞重量,且升浮一体飞行器比传统飞艇对上述参数更敏感。     

星载平面可展天线支撑桁架的结构效率优化

针对折展结构性能存在多指标且这些指标之间又相互制约的特点,把结构效率引入到可展结构的优化设计中,应用多因素正交试验法对一种空间可展开平板天线支撑桁架的优化问题进行了研究。对其关键几何设计参数进行了分析,建立了桁架结构的优化数学模型,以结构效率最大化作为优化目标,对可展桁架进行了结构优化,得到了支撑桁架各杆件的设计参数。结果表明:结构效率综合考虑了质量和刚度的影响,使结构质量和刚度同时得到优化;长宽比(l/w)是影响可展桁架结构性能的主要因素,对不同优化目标产生影响的次要因素有所不同;截面积对结构效率影响不显著(置信度p=90%),在相同杆长参数配置下,等截面可展桁架的结构效率仅次于变截面方案,但工程经济性最佳。该研究方法有助于在概念设计阶段从系统设计的角度进行空间桁架结构的快速设计与优化。     

基于LPV状态空间模型的小型航空煤油二冲程发动机喷油控制策略

为了简化基于平均值模型的喷油控制模型的计算,根据线性变参数(LPV)状态空间模型原理,在平均值模型的基础上建立了LPV状态空间喷油控制模型,利用Matlab/Simulink工具对稳态工况和瞬态工况的喷油脉宽控制模型进行仿真,最后在发动机试验台架上进行试验验证.仿真和试验结果表明:①基于LPV状态空间模型的喷油控制模型能够满足瞬态工况和稳态工况控制的要求,计算的喷油脉宽精度略低于平均值模型,由于LPV状态空间模型计算简单,能够直接应用于控制算法的设计,因此在工程中容易实现.②与插值算法相比,基于LPV状态空间模型的控制策略使发动机的动力输出有所下降,主要是由于模型简化造成进气空气流量减小引起的.      

PREDICTION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS FOR END MILLING TITANIUM ALLOY USING MODIFIED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION LS-SVM

It is difficult to construct the prediction model for titanium alloy through analyzing the formation mecha- nism of surface roughness due to the complicated relation between influential factors and surface roughness. A no- vel algorithm based on the modified particle swarm optimization （PSO） least square support vector machine （LS- SVM） is proposed to predict the roughness of the end milling titanium alloys. According to Taguchi method and features in milling titanium alloys, the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on surface roughness are investigated with the analysis of variance （ANOVA） of the experimental data. The research results show that the construction speed of the modified PSO LS-SVM model is two orders of magnitude faster than that of back propagation（BP） model. Moreover, the prediction accuracy is about one order of magnitude higher than that of BP model. The modified PSO LS-SVM prediction model can explain the influences of cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth of cut on the surface roughness of titanium alloys. Either a higher cutting speed, a lower feed rate or a smaller axial depth of cut can lead to the decrease of surface roughness.     

整机条件下涡扇发动机部件特征参数辨识

为解决整机条件下难于直接获得部件全部特征参数的问题,在计算发动机部件特征参数对整机性能敏感度的基础上,利用条件数分析参数之间的相关性最终确定可修正参数数量.这样即可构造工程上可解的辨识问题,并通过最小二乘法求解.仿真计算结果显示:高压压气机效率为0.982与初设值0.98一致,说明该方法从理论上是可行的.从具体实例的辨识结果来看,有压气机后温度测试时部件效率降低量值符合实际结果;无压气机后温度测试时高压压气机效率较设计状态偏高12.7%,不符合实际发动机工作情况.显然辨识问题是病态的,为此可修正参数不应超过6个.      

行星齿轮非线性振动系统参数稳定域的计算方法

研究了行星齿轮非线性传动系统参数稳定域计算的一般方法.该方法通过选取合理的失稳阀值,根据考查参数域内系统的运动状态选取合适的数值积分时间段,以循环套嵌的手段计算考查参数在各自范围内不同组合下的系统位移响应最大值,比较失稳阀值以判稳,参数稳定域的图形输出等5个步骤完成对行星轮系参数稳定域的计算.最后,以四自由度行星轮系纯扭转非线性振动模型为例,以行星轮输入转速、系统的齿侧间隙以及齿轮副的啮合阻尼系数为考查参数,分别计算得到了系统的单参数稳定域、双参数稳定域以及三参数稳定域,为行星轮系的设计取值提供了重要参考.      

Modeling and Optimal Design of 3 Degrees of Freedom Helmholtz Resonator in Hydraulic System

Three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) Helmholtz resonator which consists of three cylindrical necks and cavities connected in series (neck-cavity-neck-cavity-neck-cavity) is suitable to reduce flow pulsation in hydraulic system. A novel lumped parameter model (LPM) of 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator in hydraulic system is developed which considers the viscous friction loss of hydraulic fluid in the necks. Applying the Newton’s second law of motion to the equivalent mechanical model of the resonator, closed-form expression of transmission loss and resonance frequency is presented. Based on the LPM, an optimal design method which employs rotate vector optimization method (RVOM) is proposed. The purpose of the optimal design is to search the resonator’s unknown parameters so that its resonance frequencies can coincide with the pump-induced flow pulsation harmonics respectively. The optimal design method is realized to design 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator for a certain type of aviation piston pump hydraulic system. The optimization result shows the feasibility of this method, and the simulation under optimum parameters reveals that the LPM can get the same precision as transfer matrix method (TMM).     

火星气囊气体发生器充气过程稳压仿真研究

文章对低温和常温环境下的气囊稳压充气过程的参数进行了仿真计算。主要分析计算了气囊内外壁的对流换热、囊内气体与囊壁间辐射以及水蒸气液化等传热方式的传热量。同时,计算了在不同环境温度下,气囊内气体温度、充气质量以及充气质量流率随时间的变化关系。分析结果可以为工程研制提供参考和数据支持。     

Aerodynamic Modeling and Parameter Estimation from QAR Data of an Airplane Approaching a High-altitude Airport

Aerodynamic modeling and parameter estimation from quick accesses recorder (QAR) data is an important technical way to analyze the effects of highland weather conditions upon aerodynamic characteristics of airplane. It is also an essential content of flight accident analysis. The related techniques are developed in the present paper, including the geometric method for angle of attack and sideslip angle estimation, the extended Kalman filter associated with modified Bryson-Frazier smoother (EKF-MBF) method for aerodynamic coefficient identification, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network method for aerodynamic modeling, and the Delta method for stability/control derivative estimation. As an application example, the QAR data of a civil airplane approaching a high-altitude airport are processed and the aerodynamic coefficient and derivative estimates are obtained. The estimation results are reasonable, which shows that the developed techniques are feasible. The causes for the distribution of aerodynamic derivative estimates are analyzed. Accordingly, several measures to improve estimation accuracy are put forward.