风扇出口导向叶片低噪声设计Ⅰ:方法与优化

作为"风扇出口导向叶片（Outlet Guide Vanes，OGV）低噪声设计"系列文章的第1篇，本文在现有压气机气动设计流程的基础上，加入了噪声评估过程，建立了基于通流设计的气动/声学一体化设计方法。为提高设计阶段的评估速度，以三维升力面理论与管道声学理论为基础，从通流设计和造型设计输出中提取参数，结合转子尾迹模型，建立了转/静干涉噪声的解析预测模型。以现代大涵道比涡扇发动机风扇/增压级为对象，采用该模型系统分析了OGV轴向掠形与周向倾斜对转/静干涉噪声的影响，获取了轴向掠形角与周向倾斜角等三维设计参数与风扇噪声的关系图谱，初步确定了低噪声设计较优降噪量的掠和倾组合方案。以此为基础，在保持叶尖子午投影位置和弦长不变的前提下，将叶片前缘和径向积叠进行参数化，采用遗传算法进一步开展了OGV的低噪声优化设计，最终获得了2个优化方案，预估的降噪量达到了8 dB。     

Effect of surface roughness on microwave brightness temperature from lunar surface: Numerical analysis with a hybrid method

A hybrid method, combining the radiative transfer theory and the method of moments (MoM), is proposed to study the potential effect of the lunar surface roughness on the microwave brightness temperature. The total upward emission reaching the lunar surface from below media is calculated by the radiative transfer theory, and then the brightness temperature is obtained by weighting the bidirectional transmission coefficients which is computed using the MoM. The method is validated by both flat and rough surface models with analytic solutions. With the hybrid method, brightness temperatures from simulated lunar model are calculated and compared to those from a flat layered model. The comparisons show that the effect of rough surface on brightness temperature cannot be ignored and also depends on many other factors, such as observation angle and polarizations. For vertical polarization, an optimal observation angle may exist to reduce the effect of surface roughness. These results indicate that the knowledge of lunar surface roughness is important in microwave remote sensing to the Moon and may probably provide a guide to lunar projects in future.     

低雷诺数下高负荷轴流压气机表面粗糙度流动调控机制

以某1.5级高负荷轴流压气机为研究对象,采用经过校核的数值模拟手段详细探究了低雷诺数下表面粗糙度对其气动性能及内部流场的影响.结果表明:相比于光滑叶片,表面粗糙度为137.8时压气机性能提升最为明显,总压比、堵塞流量以及峰值效率分别提升4.01％、2.24％、5.34％.在整个表面粗糙度大小范围内,表面粗糙度布置在吸力...     

氨合成-水热改性法制备氢氧化镁阻燃剂

为了解决氢氧化镁和聚合物之间的不相容问题, 对氨合成法-水热改性处理2步法制备高分散氢氧化镁阻燃剂进行了研究,分析了常温合成温度、水热改性温度和水热改性时间对制备大晶型、低比表面积氢氧化镁阻燃剂的影响.结果表明,经过水热改性处理改变了氢氧化镁晶体的生长习性,生成了形貌规则、粒径分布均匀、分散性良好的氢氧化镁六方片状颗粒.另外通过提高氯化镁浓度和氨水过量1倍,探讨了常温合成反应的转化率,认为应该在反应原料等当量下寻求提高转化率的可行方法.     

直纹二次曲面的实时成像算法

基于二次曲面的等灰度实时成像原理，将二次曲面分成直纹面和非直纹面两类，针对直纹曲面等灰度线的特点，提出了一种非常简洁、有效的二次直纹曲面的实时成像算法。该算法不仅大大提高了这类曲面的成像速度，而且简化了它与其他二次曲面图元拼接形体的实时成像处理过程。     

开式整体叶盘叶片型面数控抛光编程与工艺实验研究

针对开式整体叶盘叶片型面数控抛光,首先介绍多坐标数控抛光机,然后提出分段直纹面拟合叶片型面,并利用分段直纹面的偏置面直母线生成刀位轨迹,最后进行了数控抛光参数优化实验,实现了整体叶盘叶片的自动化高效精密抛光,提高了整体叶盘的表面质量.     

扫描曲面的设计方法及应用

本文通过截线扫描法构造Ｂ－Ｓｐｌｉｎｅ曲面，介绍了扫描面的特性，并结合具体实例说明该方法在造型设计中的应用价值。     

一种星载扫描天线的分析与设计

为适应卫星平台的需要,达到卫星天线能够实现角度扫描(正负5度)和机械扫描结构尽可能简单的要求,本文设计了一种三反射镜配置结构的角度扫描天线。首先利用几何光学法设计了赋形面,然后确定了在不同的扫描角度时,平面镜移动到的位置点。最后,利用高斯衍射波束分析方法(Diffraction Guassian Beam Analysis)进行了电性能的仿真验证。结果显示,在所需角度的扫描范围内,其具有较高的主面孔径利用效率和扫描机械结构简单的特点。在兼顾角度扫描和机械扫描结构简单的条件下,天线达到了所需的性能要求。     

叶片弯掠组合设计对风扇气动噪声的被动控制

转子尾迹与静子叶片干涉是产生风扇离散噪声的主要噪声源之一。环形叶栅几何对于声源项的求解以及管道内的声传播都有重要影响,因此在讨论叶片弯掠组合设计对于风扇噪声的被动控制作用时需要重点强调三维效应的影响。本文利用三维升力面理论,建立了可以考虑叶片弯掠组合影响的气动声学模型。相比数值计算方法,三维升力面理论不存在频散耗散影响,求解快速高效,更加有利于初始阶段的优化设计,以及为数值计算模型提供验证。通过与已有结果的对比,进一步阐述了叶片后掠和周向倾斜对于风扇离散噪声的影响机制。而弯掠组合设计算例的计算结果表明,在某些条件下,选取合适的叶片弯掠造型能够获得很好的降噪效果。由于轴向传播波数的影响,前传声场和后传声场对于弯掠组合的变化趋势存在一定的差异性。     

Fronts and thermohaline structure of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence System

Fronts and thermohaline structure of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence System (BMCS) are studied from climatic data, “Marathon Exp. Leg.8, 1984” data, and Sea surface temperature (SST) data base “ds277-Reynolds” (1981–2000). The South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) is divided in two main types: tropical (TW) and subtropical water (ST). Water masses, Fronts, Inter-Frontal and Frontal Zones are analysed and classified: (a) the water masses: Tropical Low-Salinity Water, Tropical Surface Water, Tropical Tropospheric Water, Subtropical Low-Salinity Water, Subtropical Surface Water, Subtropical Tropospheric Water. T,S characteristics of intermediate, deep and bottom water defined by different authors are confirmed and completed; (b) the Inter-Frontal Zones: Tropical/Brazil Current Zone, Subtropical Zone and Subantarctic Zone; (c) the Frontal Zones: Subtropical, Subantarctic and Polar, and (d) the Fronts: Subtropical Front of the Brazil Current, Principal Subtropical Front, North Subtropical Front, Subtropical Surface Front, South Subtropical Front, Subantarctic Surface Front, Subantarctic Front and Polar Front. Several stable T–S relationships are found below the friction layer and at the Fronts. The maximum gradient of the oceanographic characteristics occurs at the Brazil Current Front, which can be any of the subtropical Fronts, depending on season. Minimum mean depth of the pycnocline coincides with the Fronts of the BMCS, indicating the paths of low-salinity shelf waters into the open ocean. In the work it is shown how to recover the horizontal and vertical thermohaline structure of waters from satellite data RSMAS SST.