阴阳极进气量对附加场磁等离子体推力器性能的影响

针对附加场磁等离子体推力器阴阳极供气量对推力器性能的影响进行了研究。采用试验方法测量了稳态AF MPDT的束流参数以及放电电压、放电电流、附加磁感应强度等工况参数,测量计算了推力、效率等性能参数。通过改变阴阳极供气比例,分析研究了初始气体分布对推力器性能及物理机制的影响。研究结果显示,阴极供气比重增大时,推力器推力及效率相应增大,但增大到一定比例,推力器出现工作不稳定导致性能下降,说明阴阳极存在最佳的供气比例,表明供气比例对推力器性能具有重要影响。     

月壤剖面冲击贯入式探测方案研究

以月壤剖面的原位探测为目标,提出一种利用土体结构侵彻原理的冲击式贯入器设计方案。重点阐述了冲击式贯入器的工作原理和机构实现方案,并开展多方案设计与分析。研制了原理样机并开展实验验证,证明利用冲击式贯入方法实现月壤剖面自动潜入的可行性,并对我国未来开展月壤剖面原位探测提出了相关建议。     

污染空气对氢燃料超声速燃烧室性能的影响

采用纯净空气和污染空气来流下对比试验的方法,研究了飞行马赫数4条件下H2O和CO2污染组分对氢燃料超声速燃烧室性能的影响。对比试验中针对纯净空气来流和污染空气来流匹配了来流总温、总压、氧气摩尔分数和当量油气比。完成了0.53和0.42两种当量油气比条件下纯净空气来流和污染空气来流的氢燃料超声速燃烧试验,预定考察的H2O污染组分摩尔浓度分别有7.5%,18%和26%三种,CO2污染组分浓度有3.0%和7.5%两种。研究结果表明,H2O,CO2或H2O+CO2组合污染对燃烧诱导压升产生了明显的非线性抑制影响,直接将污染试验空气来流下的试验结果外推应用到飞行条件,可能导致供油量偏大、甚至进气道不启动;同时也影响了隔离段内燃烧诱导激波链结构,使燃烧工作模态趋向于超燃模态。     

Effects of Boundary Layer Suction on Aerodynamic Performance in a High-load Compressor Cascade

This article is aimed to experimentally validate the beneficial effects of boundary layer suction on improving the aerodynamic performance of a compressor cascade with a large camber angle. The flow field of the cascade is measured and the ink-trace flow visualization is also presented. The experimental results show that the boundary layer suction reduces losses near the area of midspan in the cascade most effectively for all suction cases under test. Losses of the endwall could remarkably decrease only when the suction is at the position where the boundary layer has separated but still not departed far away from the blade surface. It is evidenced that the higher suction flow rate and the suction position closer to the trailing edge result in greater reduction in losses and the maximum reduction in the total pressure loss accounts to 16.5% for all cases. The suction position plays a greater role in affecting the total pressure loss than the suction flow rate does.     

金属粉末燃料冲压发动机初步试验研究

为了检验金属粉末燃料冲压发动机的点火及燃烧特性,对设计的发动机进行了初步的直连式试验研究。初步试验结果表明,目前设计的燃料供应系统能将粉末燃料有效输送到发动机燃烧室;在火炬作用下粉末燃料能实现快速点火启动;火炬工作结束粉末燃料可自身维持燃烧;燃烧室壁面沉积较多,主要分为2层,其中表层为白色MgO,内层为Mg、MgO和Mg3N2的混合物。     

等离子体气动激励体积力的实验研究

等离子体流动控制作为一种新概念主动流动控制技术,其物理作用依据之一是"动力效应".体积力作为表征"动力效应"的重要参数,对研究等离子体流动控制的原理具有重要意义.介绍了实验原理及系统的基本组成,对等离子体气动激励体积力进行了实验测量.结果表明:体积力的大小在mN量级;固定激励频率,激励电压增大时,体积力增大,且线性关系非常明显;固定激励电压,体积力受激励频率的影响不大.     

突片射流冲击冷却换热特性的实验

对涡激励突片的单排圆形射流冲击冷却特性进行了实验研究.主要对突片堵塞比、突片形状和突片安装角度对冲击换热特性的影响进行了实验研究, 并揭示了其影响规律.研究结果表明:在研究的参数范围内, 突片的几何形状及安装角对射流冲击换热有较显著的影响, 并根据其影响规律, 对突片的结构设计提出了有价值的参考意见.      

涡轮导向叶片沿程温增试验方法研究

讨论了航空发动机涡轮导向叶片沿程温增试验方法,分析了温增特性和影响沿程温增的试验参数及其相似性。     

加热器在冲压发动机试验技术中的应用研究

直连试验技术是冲压发动机研究中一项非常关键的技术,论证分析了如何模拟直连试验模型进口流量、总温及总压等关键参数,并以此为基础研制了一种高室压、大流量及耐高温的空气加热器,通过对该加热器和试验台相关组件的试验研究,结果表明以空气、氧气及煤油组织燃烧的加热器工作性能良好,解决了冲压发动机直连试验这项关键技术。     

Experimental Investigation on Performance of Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine Model

The PDRE test model used in these experiments utilized kerosene as the fuel, oxygen as oxidizer, and nitrogen as purge gas. The solenoid valves were employed to control intermittent supplies of kerosene, oxygen and purge gas. PDRE test model was 50 mm in inner diameter by 1.2 m long. The DDT （deflagration to detonation transition） enhancement device Shchelkin spiral was used in the test model. The effects of detonation frequency on its time-averaged thrust and specific impulse were experimentally investigated. The obtained results showes that the time-averaged thrust of PDRE test model was approximately proportional to the detonation frequency. For the detonation frequency 20 Hz, the time-averaged thrust was around 107 N, and the specific impulse was around 125 s. The nozzle experiments were conducted using PDRE test model with three traditional nozzles. The experimental results obtained demonstrated that all of those nozzles could augment the thrust and specific impulse. Among those three nozzles, the convergent nozzle had the largest increased augmentation, which was approximately 18%, under the specific condition of the experiment.