微型可编程控制器温度测控系统

本文叙述了一个由微型可编程控制器ＩＰ－１６１２构成的温度测控系统,在介绍ＩＰ－１１６１２ＰＬＣ特性的基础上,讨论了用它构成温度测控系统的基本原理、电路结构和编程方法。最后提出有关ＰＬＣ应用问题的几点看法。     

Automatic landing system using neural networks and radio-technical subsystems

The paper focuses on the design of a new automatic landing system(ALS) in longitudinal plane; the new ALS controls the aircraft trajectory and longitudinal velocity. Aircraft control is achieved by means of a proportional-integral(PI) controller and the instrumental landing system– the first phase of landing(the glide slope) and a proportional-integral-derivative(PID) controller together with a radio-altimeter – the second phase of landing(the flare); both controllers modify the reference model associated with aircraft pitch angle. The control of the pitch angle and longitudinal velocity is performed by a neural network adaptive control system, based on the dynamic inversion concept, having the following as components: a linear dynamic compensator, a linear observer, reference models, and a Pseudo control hedging(PCH) block. The theoretical results are software implemented and validated by complex numerical simulations; compared with other ALSs having the same radio-technical subsystems but with conventional or fuzzy controllers for the control of aircraft pitch angle and longitudinal velocity, the architecture designed in this paper is characterized by much smaller overshoots and stationary errors.     

PMSM 空间矢量控制系统与MATLAB仿真

阐述了永磁同步电机(PMSM)空间矢量PWM 控制系统的原理,分析了永磁同步电机空间矢量控制方式的优劣势。综述了电机相电流坐标变换矩阵的仿真模块实现方法,展示了电机磁场PARK 变换和PARK 逆变换等从数学方程到仿真语言的转换过程,用MATLAB对该系统的电流环和速度环进行了仿真。仿真结果显示,当速度环的仿真输入为210rad/s时,速度输出的过渡过程时间达到了0.017s,超调量为4%,动态性能良好,仿真效果较为理想。     

A New Hybrid Control Scheme for an Integrated Helicopter and Engine System

A new hybrid control scheme is presented with a robust multiple model fusion control(RMMFC) law for a UH-60 helicopter and an active disturbance rejection control(ADRC) controller for its engines.This scheme is a control design method with every subsystem designed separately but fully considering the couplings between them.With three subspaces with respect to forward flight velocity,a RMMFC is proposed to devise a four-loop reference signal tracing control for the helicopter,which escapes the closed-loop system from unstable state due to the extreme complexity of this integrated nonlinear system.The engines are controlled by the proposed ADRC decoupling controller,which fully takes advantage of a good compensation ability for unmodeled dynamics and extra disturbances,so as to compensate torque disturbance in power turbine speed loop.By simulating a forward acceleration flight task,the RMMFC for the helicopter is validated.It is apparent that the integrated helicopter and engine system(IHES) has much better dynamic performance under the new control scheme.Especially in the switching process,the large transient is significantly weakened,and smooth transition among candidate controllers is achieved.Over the entire simulation task,the droop of power turbine speed with the proposed ADRC controller is significantly slighter than with the conventional PID controller,and the response time of the former is much faster than the latter.By simulating a rapid climb and descent flight task,the results also show the feasibility for the application of the proposed multiple model fusion control.Although there is aggressive power demand in this maneuver,the droop of power turbine speed with an ADRC controller is smaller than using a PID controller.The control performance for helicopter and engine is enhanced by adopting this hybrid control scheme,and simulation results in other envelope state give proofs of robustness for this new scheme.     

晶体生长炉神经元网络PID解耦控制系统

多温区晶体生长炉是一种多输入多输出、强耦合的被控对象。根据多温区晶体生长炉内温场分布的要求,提出一种神经元网络PID多变量强耦合系统控制器,通过在线学习自动调节控制器参数,同时实现解耦和控制作用。仿真结果验证了本方法对多变量强耦合时变对象具有良好的解耦性能和自学习控制特性,达到了系统所要求的控制指标。     

基于小波神经网络辨识的PID神经MRAC研究

提出了一种基于小波神经网络辨识的PID神经网络模型参考自适应控制方法。该方法采用小波神经网络作为辨识器,PID神经网络作为控制器在线调节。由于小波变换具有良好的时频局部特性,神经网络具有强大的非线性映射能力,自学习、自适应等优势,采用规范正交的小波函数作为神经网络的基函数构成小波神经网络,该网络兼有小波函数的紧支性、波动性以及神经网络的非线性映射能力,自学习、自适应能力等优点,仿真结果表明用该方法构成的控制系统收敛速度快,逼近精度高,鲁棒性好,优于一般的BP网络控制。     

火箭初始段飞行图像识别和跟踪系统设计与实现

介绍火箭初始段飞行图像识别和跟踪系统的系统组成、工作原理、模块功能及系统特点,并对模糊PID控制器和火箭跟踪过程进行仿真实验和结果分析。仿真结果表明,该系统具有对不同背景下的火箭进行自动识别和当火箭被云雾短暂遮挡时进行预测跟踪等性能。文中还总结了系统在研制过程中解决的跟踪算法、模糊PID控制、摄像机模型、步进电机模型等关键技术。     

基于CCD自动巡线智能小车设计

为实现小车的自动巡线,采用CCD摄像头识别不同颜色的跑道,在测试时选择了黑线。CCD具有128×1个像素,每次可采集128个线阵的数据,将其二值化后转换为128个8位二进制数,通过A/D接口输出,与STM32微处理器连接。用软件进行采集处理,采用中值算法,找到黑线两边的边缘,确定黑线的中心点。计算出小车的中心点与黑线的中心点之间的偏移量,控制小车的左转、右转还是直行。用编码器对车轮测速,用速度PID算法控制小车的行驶,以实现自动巡线。测试结果表明:该CCD巡线智能车能够实现自动巡线功能,不仅可自动循迹黑线,还可循迹其它颜色的线条,使得小车的巡线速度得以提高,为自动循迹小车提供了一种新方法、新思路。     

基于萤火虫优化神经网络算法的气浮台自动调平衡研究

为了利用气浮台在地面精准演示分布式多星组网技术及验证多模式高分成像过程,提出一种基于改进型BP神经网络PID控制的气浮台快速自动调平衡算法.针对以往算法调平时间较长、容易得到非最优解的问题,引入仿生萤火虫算法对神经网络初始权值进行优化,提高了算法的收敛速度和稳定性.基于构建的三轴气浮台运动学和动力学模型,通过仿真实验验证了优化算法对自动调平衡具有良好的控制效果,满足多星地面仿真的调平衡要求.     

航空发动机多变量模糊PID控制

普通PID控制器以其简单、实用、易于实现,在经典控制中倍受青睐。但是,对于像航空发动机这样复杂的非线性系统,这种控制器的控制效果就不够理想了。模糊控制理论的建立为这种问题的解决奠定了基础。本文针对航空发动机难于建立精确数学模型的特点,提出了发动机模糊PID参数自适应控制方案,并且对某型航空发动机进行了全包线内的数字仿真。仿真结果表明发动机模糊PID控制不仅不依赖于精确的对象模型,而且具有满意的动、静态性能。