涡轮叶片尾缘复合通道的换热

采用热色液晶测温法,测量了涡轮叶片尾缘带隔板的复合通道的温度场,分析了射流冲击强化扰流柱通道内换热的机理,讨论了两通道间隔板的不同开孔结构对换热的影响.从工程应用的角度出发提出了几个换热评价指标,对不同开孔结构的隔板进行了换热评价.结果表明:冷气由第1通道进入,通过隔板上的孔不断由径向流动变为弦向流动后,对第2通道的扰流柱区形成冲击,最后由劈缝排出,提高了尾缘的换热;开孔均匀的隔板换热效果相对较好.     

机翼热气防冰系统设计

利用热流体系统仿真分析平台Flowmaster和计算流体力学软件Fluent进行联合仿真,对机翼热气防冰系统进行了设计和性能分析.设计参数包括防冰系统笛形管热气喷口孔径、孔数及孔间距等参数.基于Flowmaster对所设计的供气管路进行供气流量分配计算.基于Fluent模拟防冰腔内流动与换热,计算了防冰腔的热效率.根据防冰热载荷及热效率结果预测每段缝翼防冰所需热气流量,引入参数供气余度来分析防冰系统热性能.所提出的热气防冰系统设计方法可为热气防冰系统的工程设计与优化提供重要的帮助.     

顺载和管径对管内水沸腾两相流流动性的影响

利用地面转台旋转产生的离心力模拟飞行过载,并在此过载作用下进行了不同管径内沸水两相流实验.通过改变过载大小、管径、沸水流量等参数,得到沸水流动特性的初步变化规律,并对顺载作用下沸水的流型进行了拍摄.结果显示顺载和管径对沸水的流动会产生明显的影响.顺载作用使管内出现了一些新流型,并且增加了流动的不稳定性.压差随顺载的增大而减小,且管径越大其减小的程度越大.实验结果增加了动载下管道内工质流动特性的数据积累,同时对飞行器上蒸发循环制冷系统的理论分析和设计提供一定的借鉴和参考.      

Day-to-day variability of equatorial anomaly in GPS-TEC during low solar activity period

The ionospheric total electron content (TEC) in the northern hemispheric equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest region is investigated by using dual-frequency signals of the Global Positioning System (GPS) acquired from Rajkot (Geog. Lat. 22.29°N, Geog. Long. 70.74°E; Geom. Lat. 14.21°N, Geom. Long. 144.90°E), India. The day-to-day variability of EIA characteristics is examined during low solar activity period (F10.7∼83 sfu). It is found that the daily maximum TEC at EIA crest exhibits a day-to-day and strong semi-annual variability. The seasonal anomaly and equinoctial asymmetry in TEC at EIA is found non-existent and weaker, respectively. We found a moderate and positive correlation of daily magnitude of crest, Ic with daily F10.7 and EUV fluxes with a correlation coefficient of 0.43 and 0.33, respectively indicating an existence of a short-term relation between TEC at EIA and the solar radiation even during low solar activity period. The correlation of daily Ic with Dst index is also moderate (r = −0.35), whereas no correlation is found with the daily Kp index (r = 0.14) respectively. We found that the magnitude of EIA crest is moderately correlated with solar flux in all seasons except winter where it is weakly related (0.27). The magnitude of EIA crest is also found highly related with EEJ strength in spring (r = 0.69) and summer (r = 0.65) than autumn (0.5) and winter (r = 0.47), though EEJ is stronger in autumn than spring.     

GNSS single frequency ionospheric range delay corrections: NeQuick data ingestion technique

A study of the performance of the NeQuick model and the Klobuchar model for GNSS single frequency range delay correction on a global scale was done using data for moderate solar activity. In this study NeQuick was used in the way intended for Galileo. This study is to assess the performance of the two models at each ionospheric geographic region during moderate solar activity as previously published studies were concentrated only on high solar activity. The results obtained showed that NeQuick outperformed Klobuchar for the whole year at the three geographical regions of the ionosphere. In terms of monthly root mean square of mismodeling, NeQuick outperformed Klobuchar by 15 TECU or more at low-latitudes, 5 TEC or more at mid-latitudes, and 1 TECU or more at high-latitudes.     

Relative amplitude of the total electron content variations depending on geomagnetic activity

We developed a method of estimation of a relative amplitude dI/I of the total electron content (TEC) variations in the ionosphere as deduced from the data of the global GPS receivers network. To obtain statistically significant results we picked out three latitudinal belts provided in the Internet by the maximum number of GPS sites. They are high-latitudinal belt (50–80°N, 200–300°E; 59 sites), mid latitude belt (20–50°N, 200–300°E; 817 sites), and equatorial belt (±20°N, 0–360°E; 76 sites). The results of the analysis of the diurnal and latitudinal dependencies of dI/I and dI/I distribution probability for 52 days with different levels of geomagnetic activity are presented. It was found that on average the relative amplitude of the TEC variations varies within the range 0–10% proportionally to the value of the K_p geomagnetic index. In quiet conditions the relative amplitude dI/I of the TEC variations at night significantly exceeds the daytime relative amplitude. At high levels of magnetic field disturbances, the geomagnetic control of the amplitude of TEC variations at high and middle latitudes is much more significant than the regular diurnal variations. At the equatorial belt, on average, the amplitude of TEC variations in quiet and disturbed periods almost does not differ. The obtained results may be useful for development of the theory of ionospheric irregularities.     

双模式离子液体推进剂的分解特性与热试车实验研究

硝酸羟胺(HAN)/1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸乙酯([Emim][EtSO4])混合离子液体推进剂具有绿色无毒、高性能、易电离的特点,既可以应用于化学推进模式,又可以应用于电推进模式,是肼类推进剂的一种理想的替代品.利用热重分析-差示扫描量热法(TGA-DSC)研究了 HAN/[Emim][EtSO4]离子液体推进剂的...     

凝胶推进剂模拟液撞击雾化特性研究

为了寻求凝胶推进剂雾化机理、提高其雾化效果,开展幂律流体双股圆柱射流撞击的理论和实验研究。首先推导了幂律型流体射流撞击形成液膜的理论模型,在其中引入粘性力和能量损失。进而通过设计凝胶模拟液射流撞击实验,使用高速摄像机拍摄图像的方法进行了相关的实验研究,以验证理论的正确性。在此基础上,对撞击角度、射流速度分布及液体部分物性参数对液膜形状、厚度及速度分布的影响进行了分析,得到了相关参数的影响规律。研究结果表明,射流撞击角、速度型、液体表面张力系数、流变特性等均对液膜特性有明显影响,且流体本身的物理性质对撞击形成的液膜的影响更甚。     

液体火箭发动机初始雾化液滴分布预测

在简要描述使用最大熵原理预测初始雾化液滴分布的基础上,发展了较传统方法具有更大收敛域的数值计算方法,建立了离心式喷嘴雾化特性研究实验台,使用激光相位粒子分析仪进行了雾化粒径分布研究,结果显示实验数据同使用最大熵原理预测的分布吻合性较好,在此基础上最后提出了在液体火箭发动机雾化粒径分布预测应用中的策略。     

低温液体推进剂充填管路的数值模拟

研究了低温液体推进剂供应管路预冷充填过程的计算方法, 利用一维均相平衡态流体动力学模型和涵盖预冷过程中主要传热工况的传热模型, 考虑了低温液体推进剂的可压缩性, 用有限容积法求解管流方程, 用有限差分法求解管壁内的一维非稳态导热方程.计算了某型低温液体推进剂火箭发动机实验台系统供应管路的预冷充填过程, 分析比较了仿真与实验的结果, 为发动机和实验台系统的改进及新系统的设计提供了依据, 仿真结果及分析结论已应用于现有发动机实验台系统的改造和长距离液氢输送管道的设计中.