锐孔气泡形成周期及影响因素的研究

气液反应器和工艺设备中存在大量的气泡,要建立准确预测气泡形成特性的计算模型,就需要详细了解气泡的形成过程,通过CLSVOF数值模拟方法配合实验验证对锐孔气泡形成过程进行了研究。着重讨论了气流量和孔径对气泡形成的影响,并研究了气泡在形成阶段的动力学特性和孔口处气泡的脱离。通过模拟数据和实验数据的分析结果,结合Fr数和Bo数关系图得出：气泡从不发生相互扰动到气泡之间发生合并与破裂的过渡阶段中,气泡锐孔处的进气速度随着孔径的增大而减小。     

Formation tracking control for time-delayed multi-agent systems with second-order dynamics

In this paper, formation tracking control problems for second-order multi-agent systems (MASs) with time-varying delays are studied, specifically those where the position and velocity of followers are designed to form a time-varying formation while tracking those of the leader. A neigh-boring relative state information based formation tracking protocol with an unknown gain matrix and time-varying delays is presented. The formation tracking problems are then transformed into asymptotically stable problems. Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach, condi-tions sufficient for second-order MASs with time-varying delays to realize formation tracking are examined. An approach to obtain the unknown gain matrix is given and, since neighboring relative velocity information is difficult to measure in practical applications, a formation tracking protocol with time-varying delays using only neighboring relative position information is introduced. The proposed results can be used on target enclosing problems for MASs with second-order dynamics and time-varying delays. An application for target enclosing by multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is given to demonstrate the feasibility of theoretical results.     

基于3层结构的新一代航管信息系统的设计与实现

采用3层结构理论对新一代航管信息系统进行了设计,并对系统研制中的关键技术,包括3层结构的物理实现、基于部件的应用开发、OLE、WindowsSocket、数据实时同步和访问控制等的实现方法进行了分析研究,最后给出了系统的应用实例。     

双机斤斗飞行中上赶下掉问题的研究

简述了飞机斤斗飞行的基本运动关系和操纵动作要领。以双纲斤斗为例，指出了双机编队复杂特技科目中存在着突出的上赶下掉现象；并阐明了上赶下掉现象形成的原因及其特点。重点探讨了保持双机斤斗编队距离的操纵方法、基本原理和具体修正计算式。最后，为保证飞行安全，分析了双机斤斗飞行易出现的主要偏差、特殊情况、修正方法以及应注意的有关问题。     

Understanding Galaxy Formation with ISO Deep Surveys

We present the results obtained through the various ISO extragalactic deep surveys. Although IRAS revealed the existence of galaxies forming stars at a rate of a few tens (LIRGs) or even hundreds (ULIRGs) solar masses in the local universe, ISO not only discovered that these galaxies were already in place at redshift one, but also that they are not the extreme objects that we once believed them to be. Instead they appear to play a dominant role in shaping present-day galaxies as reflected by their role in the cosmic history of star formation and in producing the cosmic infrared background detected by the COBE satellite in the far infrared to sub-millimeter range. Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.     

MHD numerical simulations of proto-stellar jets

We will summarize in this paper the effects that the presence of the magnetic field can cause to proto-stellar jet dynamics, structure and emission line properties, and the differences between two- and three-dimensional numerical simulations will be emphasized. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

舰面流场中起动位置对旋翼瞬态气弹响应影响

为研究舰面流场中直升机起动位置对旋翼瞬态气弹响应影响,通过CFD方法模拟得到舰面流场速度分布信息。旋翼动力学建模采用非线性准定常气动模型和中等变形梁假设,结合不同起动位置对动力学方程进行求解。结果表明:直升机起动位置越靠近舰艏和左舷,桨叶负向挥舞越大。在甲板中心1 m范围内,最靠近舰艏和左舷的位置负向最大位移可达159%旋翼半径,中心处负向最大位移仅为85%旋翼半径,源于靠近舰艏和左舷位置垂向气流变化梯度明显高于舰艉和右舷。研究表明舰面流场垂向气流变化梯度对旋翼瞬态气弹响应影响明显,改变直升机起动位置能有效降低旋翼瞬态气弹响应。     

Design and optimization of stable initial heliocentric formation on the example of LISA

Space-based gravitational wave (GW) detector such as the LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) mission requires high-precision and stability of the triangular formation. The dynamic environment of the detectors is complex, the science requirements for the formation are tight, and consequently, design and optimization of this high-standard formation with essentially many decision variables are very challenging. This paper studies the design and optimization of the stable initial formation of the heliocentric GW detector by taking the LISA as an example. The linearization method based on relative orbital elements is used for formation design in the two-body system. Three constraints are presented to reduce the number of decision variables to fourteen. The geometric features of the arm length and breathing angle of the triangular formation and the relative position of LISA to the Earth are analyzed and numerically verified in a high-fidelity dynamic model, from which the relationships of multiple requirements of LISA are studied, and a single index is summarized to simplify the optimization. Sobol sensitivity analysis is used to quantitatively evaluate the sensitivities of the decision variables to the cost function, with which a self-adaptive adjustment algorithm of the region of the variables is presented to improve the computational efficiency. The availability of the method to quickly and precisely find a stable initial formation in an extensive neighborhood of the nominal formation is verified by numerical simulation, where the best solution decreases about 47.54% of the arm length change from the requirement. This study shows that the initial formation should be deployed appropriately away from the Earth, and the gravitations of Venus and Jupiter should be utilized to maintain the formation stability.     

医学CT的误差修正方法、图像重建及实现

医学Ｘ光ＣＴ作为一种诊断设备,对其图像质量要求很高,而在实际应用中各种误差都将会影响最终的图像质量,因而对误差进行修正是非常重要的,这一点在各厂家的ＣＴ 产品中表现得尤为突出。通过研究对医学Ｘ光ＣＴ 的探测器、Ｘ光射束硬化效应等所产生的误差进行修正,给出了在ＰＣ机上对误差进行修正和图像重建的方法和步骤,完成了对分辨率水模、对比度水模、病人头部和肺部的图像重建,证明该方法行之有效。     

面向时间协同的多无人机队形变换最优效率模型

针对无人机（UAV）的编队集结、编队保持和编队重构等队形变换问题,从航迹规划的角度提出了一种面向时间协同的多无人机队形变换模型。在时间协同的条件下,选择队形变换的能源消耗与完成时间作为效率衡量指标,对编队集结、编队保持和编队重构进行规划,给出队形变换的最优空间位置。首先,分析了指定队形、无指定位置的编队集结问题,然后,将编队保持问题视为编队整体运动,最后,利用运动分解将编队重构问题分解为编队集结和编队整体运动。基于编队集结、编队保持和编队重构的不同特点,给出了这些具体队形变换下的最优效率计算公式,并进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明本模型可以实现预期的最优效率队形变换。