TSC式消弧线圈的涌入电流及其抑制

电容器涌入电流的抑制,是TSC式消弧线圈设计中要考虑的一个重要问题。文章对TSC式消弧线圈的工作原理和运行特点进行了分析,对电容器投入电网运行时的涌入电流分两种情况进行了研究,得出了TSC式消弧线圈涌入电流的计算方法。最后给出抑制涌流的两种方法—零压差投入和串联扼流线圈。     

Ring Current Dynamics

This chapter reviews the current understanding of ring current dynamics. The terrestrial ring current is an electric current flowing toroidally around the Earth, centered at the equatorial plane and at altitudes of ∼10,000 to 60,000 km. Enhancements in this current are responsible for global decreases in the Earth’s surface magnetic field, which have been used to define geomagnetic storms. Intense geospace magnetic storms have severe effects on technological systems, such as disturbances or even permanent damage of telecommunication and navigation satellites, telecommunication cables, and power grids. The main carriers of the ring current are positive ions, with energies from ∼1 keV to a few hundred keV, which are trapped by the geomagnetic field and undergo an azimuthal drift. The ring current is formed by the injection of ions originating in the solar wind and the terrestrial ionosphere into the inner magnetosphere. The injection process involves electric fields, associated with enhanced magnetospheric convection and/or magnetospheric substorms. The quiescent ring current is carried mainly by protons of predominantly solar wind origin, while active processes in geospace tend to increase the abundance (both absolute and relative) of O⁺ ions, which are of ionospheric origin. During intense geospace magnetic storms, the O⁺ abundance increases dramatically. This increase has been observed to occur concurrently with the rapid intensification of the ring current in the storm main phase and to result in O⁺ dominance around storm maximum. This compositional change can affect several dynamic processes, such as species-and energy-dependent charge-exchange and wave-particle scattering loss.     

雷电梯级先导通道电流模型

雷电梯级先导通道电流模型是雷电运动仿真和雷击研究的基础,在防雷工程、雷电绕击输电线路的理论研究中必不可少.建立了梯级先导的物理模型,该模型由主通道和先导头部区域两部分组成;给出了雷电梯级先导通道电流的数学模型,该模型较精确地描述了雷电向地面发展的梯级性和先导头部电荷聚集特性;采用模拟电荷法和偶极子法求解了雷电梯级先导产生的地面电场,仿真结果表明,远区地面电场的平均峰值、峰峰时间间隔与雷电观测值,以及不同回击电流峰值下的近区地面电场与人工引雷观测结果均具有较好的一致性.     

三相DC/AC变换器死区效应分析与精确补偿

在现有无死区控制方法的基础上,提出一种新的死区补偿策略.分析了死区效应以及开关器件非理想特性使逆变器输出电压产生畸变的原因,通过修正原始驱动信号,抑制了开关器件非理想特性对逆变器的影响,实现了死区效应的精确补偿.同时,改进了电流方向检测电路,提高了电流方向在零点附近的检测精度.实验结果证实,所提补偿策略简单可行,与现有死区补偿方法相比,逆变器输出波形正弦度进一步提高,获得了更优的补偿效果.     

高准确度直流标准电流源的校准与不确定度评定

利用Fluke8508A参考级数字多用表和Guildline9334A直流标准电阻作标准,采用电流电压转换法,实现对高准确度直流标准电流源准确、可靠的校准。通过对其测量不确定度进行准确、详细的评定,证明可圆满地实现误差为±0．003％的高准确度直流标准电流源的校准,从而大大增强了对高准确度直流标准电流源的校准能力。     

非正弦波大电流短辐射器设计研究

赫兹电偶极子是一种辐射非正弦波的短辐射器,对赫兹电偶极子而言,必须施加很高的驱动电压,才能得到较大的天线电流,从而导致其辐射功率往往很小.研究设计了一种大电流短辐射器,它具有馈电容易,结构简单且对称等优点,从而可以简化理论分析并便于工程应用.     

周期性多电流片系统中涡旋诱发重联过程的相互作用

运用二维可压缩磁流体动力学(MHD)模拟方法考察了周期性多电流片系统中涡旋诱发重联(VIR)过程的发展演化.结果表明,相邻电流片中的VIR过程发生相互作用,相距越近,作用越强烈.反对称和对称波模VIR过程的线性增长率随电流片间距的减小而分别增大和降低.当电流片间距小于某临界值时,反对称波模VIR完全被抑制.相对于对称波模VIR,反对称波模VIR过程对空间多电流片系统的发展会发挥更大作用.      

1997年1月6—11日日地连接事件：对磁暴—环电流—对流电场的讨论

给出了1997年1月6—11日日地连接事件的太阳风和行星际扰动及由此产生的地磁扰动特征．利用这些资料对磁暴-环电流-对流电场的分析表明,磁暴主相（或环电流）的开始主要是IMF南向分量形成的对流电场直接驱动的结果;对流电场在磁暴主相的形成中有极为重要的作用;但在主相发展的不同阶段作用不同     

F2 layer characteristics and electrojet strength over an equatorial station

The data presented in this work describes the diurnal and seasonal variation in hmF2, NmF2, and the electrojet current strength over an African equatorial station during a period of low solar activity. The F2 region horizontal magnetic element H revealed that the Solar quiet Sq(H) daily variation rises from early morning period to maximum around local noon and falls to lower values towards evening. The F2 ionospheric current responsible for the magnetic field variations is inferred to build up at the early morning hours, attaining maximum strength around 1200 LT. The Sq variation across the entire months was higher during the daytime than nighttime. This is ascribed to the variability of the ionospheric parameters like conductivity and winds structure in this region. Seasonal daytime electrojet (EEJ) current strength for June solstice, March and September equinoxes, respectively had peak values ranging within 27–35 nT (at 1400 LT) , 30–40 nT (at 1200 LT) and 35–45 nT (at 1500 LT). The different peak periods of the EEJ strength were attributed to the combined effects of the peak electron density and electric field. Lastly, the EEJ strength was observed to be higher during the equinoxes than the solstice period.     

Magnetotail current contribution to the Dst Index Using the MT Index and the WINDMI model

In this paper, we have improved the capabilities of a low dimensional nonlinear dynamical model called WINDMI to determine the state of the global magnetosphere by employing the magnetotail (MT) index as a measurement constraint during large geomagnetic storms. The MT index is derived from particle precipitation measurements made by the NOAA/POES satellites. This index indicates the location of the nightside ion isotropic boundary, which is then used as a proxy for the strength of the magnetotail current in the magnetosphere. In Asikainen et al. (2010), the contribution of the tail current to the Dst index is estimated from an empirical relationship based on the MT index. Here the WINDMI model is used as a substitute to arrive at the tail current and ring current contribution to the Dst index, for comparison purposes. We run the WINDMI model on 7 large geomagnetic storms, while optimizing the model state variables against the Dst index, the MT index, and the AL index simultaneously. Our results show that the contribution from the geotail current produced by the WINDMI model and the MT index are strongly correlated, except during some periods when storm time substorms are observed. The inclusion of the MT index as an optimization constraint in turn increases our confidence that the ring current contribution to the Dst index calculated by the WINDMI model is correct during large geomagnetic storms.