SMA超弹性系统在平稳随机激励下的响应预测

提出了一种简单的折线超弹性模型来描述SMA(Shape Memory Alloys)的力学特性,将其利用在等价线性化方法中,对SMA超弹性系统在随机激励下的响应进行了预测,预测结果和数值模拟方法的结果进行了对比,有较好的计算精度.该方法为解析方法,计算效率高,便于工程使用.      

EVA的形状记忆功能探讨

首先对形状记忆功能高分子的特性进行了分析,提出了形状记忆性能的评价指标,即形状回复率、形状固定率、形状回复速度等.并进一步探讨了乙烯-醋酸乙烯基共聚物(EVA)的形状记忆功能特性,研究发现,用过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)可对EVA进行适度交联,控制二者组分结构,从而控制EVA的交联程度,可使EVA具有优异的记忆功能特性,如形状回复率和形状固定率均可达95%以上;进一步分析了EVA的化学结构,讨论了分子结构与形状记忆性能的影响,并结合DMTA等热分析技术,对交联EVA的交联密度进行计算,结果表明EVA的交联点间分子量随DCP用量增加而下降,并且其交联程度与EVA的记忆特性存在着某种内在的必然联系,进一步研究分析发现其形状固定性与室温和橡胶态模量的比值呈线性关系,初步揭示了形状记忆机理.     

非晶态MgNi+x%B储氢合金的制备及其电化学性能

采用机械合金化方法制备了非晶态MgNi+x%B(x=0,2,5,10)储氢合金材料。XRD结构分析表明,含B三元合金的非晶衍射峰的半高宽较宽。合金电极的放电容量随B含量的增加先增加后减小,MgNi+5%B合金电极的放电容量较MgNi合金电极提高了11.9%。合金电极的循环稳定性随B含量的增加而增加,MgNi+10%B合金电极的容量保持率S10较MgNi合金电极提高了67.76%。添加B改善了合金电极的动力学性能,MgNi+5%B合金电极的HRD400、I0和IL分别较MgNi合金电极提高了40.0%,351.5%和20.21%。     

Nb-Si 基超高温合金的研究进展

Nb-Si基超高温合金由于熔点高、密度低和优良的高温强度等特点受到广泛关注,极具作为下一代高推重比航空发动机和超然冲压发动机的热端部件用材料的潜力.本文主要介绍了国内外在合金化、粉末冶金、定向凝固和热处理工艺对Nb-Si基合金组织和性能影响等方面的研究现状,并展望了其发展趋势.     

TC4钛合金锥形环热辗轧应变及温度场对轧辊尺寸的响应规律

 提出采用等效半径来描述锥形轧辊(驱动辊和芯辊)及锥形环坯的呈线性变化的径向尺寸,进而建立了确定锥形环件辗轧关键工艺参数合理范围的方法。基于ABAQUS软件平台,研究建立了TC4钛合金锥形环热辗轧三维热力耦合有限元模型,进而模拟阐明了TC4钛合金锥形环热辗轧过程应变及温度场对轧辊尺寸(等效半径)的响应规律与机理。主要结果表明:随着驱动辊等效半径增大,环件内侧等效塑性应变及温度明显增大,环件温度分布越均匀;随着芯辊等效半径增大,环件内侧等效塑性应变及温度明显减小,温度分布越不均匀;驱动辊和芯辊各存在一个最佳的等效半径,使得环件应变分布最均匀。     

Electron Beam-Physical Vapor Deposited TiAl-based Laminated Composite Sheet with Nb Layer Toughening

The TiAl-based laminated composite sheet of 150mm×100 mm×0.2mm, with 24 TiAl layers and 23 Nb layers laid alternately one on another, was successfully fabricated using the electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) method. The microstructure and properties of the sheet were investigated on an atomic force microscope (AFM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a tensile testing machine. The results indicate that the evenly distributed Nb layers are well joined with the TiAl layers, and the interfaces between layers are transparent, and every interlayer spacing is of about 8 μm. The fractures appear to be a mixture of intergranular fractures and somewhat ductile quasi-cleavage ones. Despite its slight influence on ultimate tensile strength, the inserts of Nb layers efficiently in-crease the room temperature ductility of TiAl-based alloys due to the crack deflection effect.     

1420 铝锂合金同种异种自冲铆单搭接头力学性能

为探究1420铝锂合金自冲铆接头的力学性能,本文采用自冲铆连接设备对1420铝锂合金(AL1420)同种及其与铜合金(H62)异种板材组合进行铆接,并通过拉伸-剪切试验测试接头的力学性能,运用SPSS数据分析软件对接头的最大载荷和最大位移量进行分析。结果表明:AL1420-AL1420和AL1420-H62两种接头的失效形式皆为铆钉从下板拉脱,铆钉头与上板接触区域出现不同程度撕裂;H62-AL1420接头除铆钉从下板拉脱,铆钉头与下板接触区域仅出现凹陷。AL1420-AL1420接头最大载荷最高(6 026.8 N),能量吸收性能最好(16.84 J)。对于异种板材组合,H62-AL1420接头的最大载荷(5 304.0 N)大于AL1420-H62接头(5 229.3 N),AL1420-H62接头的能量吸收值(16.79 J)大于H62-AL1420接头(15.08 J),异种板材铆接时则优先采用能量吸收性能较好的AL1420-H62搭接形式。     

Low-temperature Formation of Aluminide Coatings on Ni-base Superalloys by Pack Cementation Process

This article investigates the low-temperature formation of aluminide coatings on a Ni-base superalloy by pack cementation process. The pack cemented coatings characteristic of high density and homogeneity possess a two-layer structure. The top layer mainly consists of Al₃Ni₂ and Al₃Ni, while the bottom layer of Al₃Ni₂. Great efforts are made to elucidate the effects of different experimental parameters on the microstructure and the constituent distribution of the coatings. The results show that all the parameters exclusive of the pack activator (NH₄Cl) content produce effect on the coating thickness, but do not on the microstructure and the constituent distribution. The pack activator (NH₄Cl) content affects neither the coating thickness nor structure and constituent distribution. The parabolic relationship between the coating thickness and the deposition time suggests that the process is diffusion-controlled. Furthermore, the article demonstrates a linear relationship between the coating thickness and the reciprocal deposition temperature.     

Mg-Zn-Zr-RE系镁合金的显微组织

 应用于航空工业中的MB15镁合金（Mg,5.0～6.0％Zn,0.5～0.9％Zr）为高强度变形镁合金。为进一步提高此合金的强度而添加稀土元素。本文报导含有Y及混合稀土的Mg-Zn-Zr-RE系合金的相组成及其微观形态的研究结果。 试验用合金的化学成分列于表1。表中MM为混合稀土,其中主要元素La10.76％,Nd17.54％,Gd14.60％,Dy14.09％,Y26.88％,此外还有少量Ce、Pr、Ho、Er等。试样用材为铸锭及挤压型材,后者是铸锭经350℃加热2h后挤压而成。