风切变中飞行能量高度分析及反馈

本文采用模态集结法,导出了能量高度响应的近似公式并分析了高度模态与能量高度的对应关系,由此给出了采用能量高度反馈的设计方法。计算表明近似公式反映了飞机在穿越低空风切变时的响应特性,模拟结果表明本文中的反馈设计明显提高了飞机穿越低空风切变的能力。     

重金属胁迫对紫花苜蓿种子萌发的影响

本文利用发芽试验，依据土壤环境质量标准设置单一重金属铜、锌、镉胁迫浓度，研究其对紫花苜蓿种子萌发的影响；并在此基础上研究三种重金属复合污染对紫花苜蓿的胁迫作用。结果表明，在单一重金属胁迫条件下，当溶液中铜和锌的浓度分别达到20mg／L和80mg／L时，紫花苜蓿根芽长受到明显的抑制，与对照相比，差异极显著。在重金属铜、锌、镉复合污染条件下，铜、锌之间存在明显的交互作用，镉的存在会加剧铜、锌对紫花苜蓿的胁迫作用。     

Online condition diagnosis for a two-stage gearbox machinery of an aerospace utilization system using an ensemble multi-fault features indexing approach

China manned space station is designed to operate for over ten years. Long-term and sustainable research on space science and technology will be conducted during its operation. The application payloads must meet the ‘‘long life and high reliability" mission requirement. Gearbox machinery is one of the essential devices in an aerospace utilization system, failure of which may lead to downtime loss even during some disastrous catastrophes. A fault diagnosis of gearbox has attracted attentions for its significance in preventing catastrophic accidents and guaranteeing sufficient maintenance. A novel fault diagnosis method based on the Ensemble Multi-Fault Features Indexing(EMFFI) approach is proposed for the condition monitoring of gearboxes. Different from traditional methods of signal analysis in the one-dimensional space, this study employs a supervised learning method to determine the faults of a gearbox in a two-dimensional space using the classification model established by training the features extracted automatically from diagnostic vibration signals captured. The proposed method mainly includes the following steps. First, the vibration signals are transformed into a bi-spectrum contour map utilizing bi-spectrum technology,which provides a basis for the following image-based feature extraction. Then, Speeded-Up Robustness Feature(SURF) is applied to automatically extract the image feature points of the bi-spectrum contour map using a multi-fault features indexing theory, and the feature dimension is reduced by Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA). Finally, Random Forest(RF) is introduced to identify the fault types of the gearbox. The test results verify that the proposed method based on the multi-fault features indexing approach achieves the target of high diagnostic accuracy and can serve as a highly effective technique to discover faults in a gearbox machinery such as a two-stage one.     

Experimental investigation on dynamic response of flat blades with underplatform dampers

One test rig with three blades and two Under-Platform Dampers (UPDs) is established to better understand the dynamical behavior of blades with UPDs. A pre-loaded spring is used to simulate the centrifugal load acting on the damper, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the pressing load. UPDs with different forms, sizes and materials are carefully designed as experimental control groups. Noncontact measurement via a laser Doppler velocimeter is employed and contact excitation which is performed by an electromagnetic exciter is adopted to directly obtain the magnitude of the excitation load by a force sensor mounted on the excitation rod. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the contact status of the contact surfaces, e.g. the pressure-sensitive paper is used to measure the effective contact area of the UPDs. The experimental variables are selected as the centrifugal force, the amplitude of the excitation force, the damper mass, the effective contact area, and the damper material. The Frequency Response Function (FRF) of the blade under different experimental parameters is obtained by slow frequency sweep under sinusoidal excitation to study the influence of each parameter on the dynamic characteristics of the blade and the mechanism analysis is carried out combined with the experimental results.     

飞机地形跟踪／回避突防飞行解耦控制的人机半物理仿真研究

本文利用人机半物理仿真法,研究了大气紊流对飞机突防飞行的解耦控制特性、驾驶员的操纵性及乘坐品质的影响,检验了非线性解耦控制系统对驾驶员实时操纵指令的跟踪特性。结果表明：解耦控制律能够在大气紊流扰动下解除飞机纵横向运动的非线性交叉耦合,＿有良好的解耦操纵性能和乘坐品质,减轻了驾驶员的操纵负担,从而提高了低空突防飞行的安全性,也验证了理论研究的结果。     

中国重型运载火箭动力系统研究

分析了未来航天发展趋势,指出为实现载人登月和深空探测,发展重型运载火箭,研制大推力火箭发动机势在必行.提出了中国重型运载火箭主动力--_1500吨级液氧煤油发动机和200吨级液氧液氢发动机的总体方案,确定了发动机的主要参数,明确了发动机的关键技术,考虑了发动机的研制条件,进行了发动机研制策划.根据中国的技术水平和经济实...     

台阶反射面实现双频多波束天线收发等化的研究

双频多波束天线系统由于收发频段共用同一反射面,覆盖区内收发波束大小不一致.为了实现覆盖区内收发等波束,文章提出了一种新型的台阶反射面天线.通过对天线台阶高度的选取和台阶宽度的优化,可以使接收频率处每个台阶跳跃点与中心区在反射面等效口径处的相位相差180.,从而降低天线的口径效率,减小接收频率处反射面的电尺寸,最终实现了收发波束大小一致.为了进一步降低天线的副瓣电平,文章在接收频率处引入了馈源第一副瓣来照射反射面的台阶圆环,通过这一改进天线仍能实现收发等波束且获得了更低的副瓣电平.     

齿轮传动线外啮出冲击建模与计算

基于齿轮传动线外啮出冲击原理,提出在啮合线方向上构建含系统等效误差和齿对综合变形的啮出冲击计算模型.根据齿轮变形随载荷变化的曲线推导出线外啮出冲击点的综合变形.将系统等效误差与齿对综合变形沿啮合线方向进行合成,求出线外啮出点与冲击点的位置.根据啮合点法向速度相等原理,求解线外啮出过程中被动齿轮最小转速和啮出冲击速度,进而求解出线外啮出冲击力.结果表明:线外啮出冲击力为啮入冲击力的70%~80%.即啮出冲击对齿轮传动较啮入冲击的影响要小,验证了啮出冲击和啮入冲击对"啮合合成基节误差"具有不同的作用效果.     

航空重油发动机燃油供给系统动力学模型分析

针对航空重油发动机燃油供给系统,建立了包括一维管路流动模型、液力模型、机械模型以及电磁模型在内的完整系统数学模型.该系统模型仿真了在系统机械部件高速运动作用下,燃油供给系统内以波的扰动形式传播的非定常流动,计算得到了系统内的压力波动特性,并最终预测了系统喷油规律.经试验验证,仿真结果与试验数据吻合,该模型具有较好的准确性和较好的应用前景.      

中心锥对波瓣强迫混合排气系统气动热力性能的影响

在波瓣混合器几何结构不变的情况下,通过分别改变波瓣出口截面处中心锥半径以及波瓣长度建立了一系列几何模型,并采用数值模拟的方法,研究了中心锥关键结构参数对涡扇发动机波瓣混合排气系统气动热力性能的影响规律.结果表明:当中心锥长度不变时,随着波瓣出口处中心锥半径的增加,热混合效率先增加后减小,其中当波瓣出口处中心锥半径为0.55倍波瓣高度时,波瓣混合排气系统出口处热混合效率最大.此外,当中心锥长度不变时,波瓣混合排气系统总压恢复系数大体上不断减小;排气系统出口处推力系数则呈现出先增大后迅速减小.当波瓣出口处中心锥半径不变时,随着中心锥长度的增加,热混合效率和总压恢复系数变化极小,在排气系统出口处,推力系数则先迅速增大后略有降低.