面向对象的飞机概念设计系统中的重心估算

为了在飞机概念设计阶段有效而便捷地评估方案重量和静稳定裕度等特性,研究了在一个按照面向对象方式进行数据组织的计算机辅助飞机概念设计系统中进行重心及相应重量估算的措施.着重论述了重心估算部分的面向对象结构和采用的方法,尤其是根据相关部件的设计与造型特点估算燃油及起落架重心的方法.通过在设计方案的动态调整过程中估算其重量和重心,验证了该部分的适应性和可靠性,以及设计者交互地对估算的方法和结果加以控制的灵活性.      

机载公共设备综合管理系统任务分配算法研究

机载公共设备的综合管理是机载系统发展的必然方向,为解决机载公共设备综合管理系统中任务分配问题,进行了任务划分.根据周期任务和非周期任务对系统风险系数的贡献不同,提出了两层任务分配策略;以单机风险系数均衡为目标函数,设计了基于蚁群算法的周期任务分配算法.对蚁群算法进行了模糊自适应参数调整的改进,仿真结果表明改进算法能够有效地使蚁群算法从局部最优点中逃脱,解决任务分配问题.      

国外高光谱遥感载荷发展分析

高光谱遥感是当前遥感领域发展的前沿。首先介绍了高光谱遥感的成像原理、典型成像方式及主要特点等基础理论,之后从机载和星载两个方面,系统梳理了美国、加拿大、欧洲、日本等主要国家高光谱遥感载荷的发展现状,分析了相关载荷的主要性能指标(以空间分辨率、频谱分辨率等为代表),总结、归纳了高光谱遥感在民用商用、国防安全及行星探测三个领域中的应用情况,最后从提升分辨率、优化探测模式及实现小型化三个方面,总结了高光谱遥感载荷的发展趋势。     

“火卫1”轨道预报与动力学分析

使用数值积分的方法对"火卫1"(Phobos)轨道进行预报计算,介绍了计算"火卫1"轨道时考虑的动力模型与数值积分方法,分析了不同动力模型及参量对轨道计算结果的影响,并确定最终选择的模型。最后将计算结果与不同机构发布的最新历表进行比较,计算位置和轨道根数的差异。得到的结果与各星历之间差异的量级相同,进而验证了相关模型和算法的精度和可靠性。该轨道预报算法模型与分析结果将对"火卫1"探测任务提供参考。     

发展中国大型飞机机载设备的思考

 阐述了大型飞机工程中飞机、发动机、机载设备协调发展的必要性;提出了中国大型飞机机载设备的研发必须把立足点放在自主研发上,同时也要注意不同形式的国际合作,争取双赢;建议重视大型飞机共用技术和共用研发平台的开发,以利于提高资金的有效利用率;特别强调找准市场定位发展有特色的机载设备以提高国产大型飞机的市场竞争力;最后建议了11项需提前启动的项目。     

Simulation study for the determination of the lunar gravity field from PRARE-L tracking onboard the German LEO mission

A simulation study has been performed at GFZ Potsdam, which shows the anticipated improvement of the lunar gravity field model with respect to current (LP150Q model) or near-future (SELENE) knowledge in the framework of the planned German Lunar Explorations Orbiter (LEO) mission, based on PRARE-L (Precise Range And Range-rate Equipment – Lunar version) Satellite-to-Satellite (SST) and Satellite-Earth-Satellite (SEST) tracking observations. It is shown that the global mean error of the lunar gravity field can be reduced to less than 0.1 mGal at a spatial resolution of 50 km. In the spectral domain, this means a factor of 10 (long wavelengths) and some 100 (mid to short wavelengths) improvement as compared to predictions for SELENE or a factor of 1000 with respect to LP150Q. Furthermore, a higher spatial resolution of up to 28 km seems feasible and would correspond to a factor of 2–3 improvement of SELENE results. Moreover, PRARE-L is expected to derive the low-degree coefficients of the lunar gravity field with unprecedented accuracy. Considering long mission duration (at least 1 year is planned) this would allow for the first time a precise direct determination of the low-degree tidal Love numbers of the Moon and, in combination with high precision SEST, would provide an experimental basis to study relativistic effects such as the periselenium advance in the Earth–Moon system.     

无衍射光技术在瞄准系统中的理论与原理实验

将无衍射光技术与传统的莫尔条纹干涉技术相结合,并且应用于光电瞄准系统中,从基本理论和原理实验上研究了一种新型的机载瞄准方法,提出了相应的瞄准跟踪技术.该方法根据无衍射光与目标圆环光栅之间迭加产生干涉图形的偏移和变化量,通过调整机载光电系统,达到精密瞄准之目的. 所发展形成的新型瞄准跟踪技术,不仅有助于提高瞄准吊舱的动态响应速度、跟踪精度及其稳定性,进一步提高导弹的横向命中率,而且可以增强进攻过程中的精确打击能力,为新型机载武器装备的研究提供技术储备.      

捷联惯性连续测斜算法仿真

针对快速准确的油井轨迹测量要求,研究了一种基于陀螺罗盘测量方案的连续测斜方法.根据不同井斜角度范围,此方法采用了两种工作模式:陀螺罗盘测量模式(倾斜角≤15°)和连续测量模式(倾斜角＞15°).陀螺罗盘测量模式在特定测点进行静态单点测量.连续测量模式进行仪器移动过程中的不停止测量,测量初值通过陀螺罗盘测量模式确定.给出了两种工作模式下的数学模型.对连续测斜算法的有效性进行仿真验证.比较了仿真结果和原始轨迹,得出了测量误差曲线.仿真结果表明,算法可以实现倾斜角0°~90°、方位角0°~360°的全方位井眼轨迹连续测量,大大提高了测量效率.      

动载作用下管内汽水两相流传热特性

设计搭建了旋转平台,采用电加热的方法对过载状态下径向水平管内汽水两相流流动及传热特性进行了实验研究.实验测试段为内径20 mm、长400 mm的有机玻璃圆管.通过调节转台转速来实现不同过载量,进而研究过载状态下汽水两相流传热机理.结果表明:随着过载的增大,管内两相流压力增大,流阻急剧增大,流量减小,空隙率减小,换热量减小,管外传热系数增大.      

Second post-Newtonian approximation of scalar-tensor theory of gravity

Deep space laser ranging missions like ASTROD I (Single-Spacecraft Astrodynamical Space Test of Relativity using Optical Devices) and ASTROD, together with astrometry missions like GAIA and LATOR will be able to test relativistic gravity to an unprecedented level of accuracy. More precisely, these missions will enable us to test relativistic gravity to 10^-7–10^-9${10}^{-7}''–''{10}^{-9}$ of the size of relativistic (post-Newtonian) effects, and will require second post-Newtonian approximation of relevant theories of gravity. The first post-Newtonian approximation is valid to 10^-6${10}^{-6}$ and the second post-Newtonian approximation is valid to 10^-12${10}^{-12}$ in terms of post-Newtonian effects in the solar system. The scalar-tensor theory is widely discussed and used in tests of relativistic gravity, especially after the interests in inflation models and in dark energy models. In the Lagrangian, intermediate-range gravity term has a similar form as cosmological term. Here we present the full second post-Newtonian approximation of the scalar-tensor theory including viable examples of intermediate-range gravity. We use Chandrasekhar’s approach to derive the metric coefficients and the equation of the hydrodynamics governing a perfect fluid in the second post-Newtonian approximation in scalar-tensor theory; all terms inclusive of O(c^-4)$\mathrm{O}(c^{-4})$ are retained consistently in the equations of motion.