Performance improvement of real-time PPP ambiguity resolution using a regional integer clock

Obtaining reliable GNSS uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) or integer clock products is the key to achieving ambiguity-fixed solutions for real-time (RT) precise point positioning (PPP) users. However, due to the influence of RT orbit errors, the quality of UPD/integer clock products estimated with a globally distributed GNSS network is difficult to ensure, thereby affecting the ambiguity resolution (AR) performance of RT-PPP. In this contribution, by fully utilising the consistency of orbital errors in regional GNSS network coverage areas, a method is proposed for estimating regional integer clock products to compensate for RT orbit errors. Based on Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES) RT precise products, the regional GPS/BDS integer clock was estimated with a CORS network in the west of China. Results showed that the difference between the estimated regional and CNES global integer clock/bias products was generally less than 5 cm for GPS, whereas clock differences of greater than 10 cm were observed for BDS due to the large RT orbit error. Compared with PPP using global integer clock/bias products, the AR performance of PPP using the regional integer clock was obviously improved for four rover stations. For single GPS, the horizontal and vertical accuracies of ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions were improved by 56.2% and 45.3% on average, respectively, whereas improvements of 67.5% and 50.5% in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, were observed for the combined GPS/BDS situation. Based on a regional integer clock, the RMS error of a kinematic ambiguity-fixed PPP solution in the horizontal direction could reach 0.5 cm. In terms of initialisation time, the average time to first fix (TTFF) in combined GPS/BDS PPP was shortened from 18.2 min to 12.7 min. In view of the high AR performance realised with the use of regional integer clocks, this method can be applied to scenarios that require high positioning accuracy, such as deformation monitoring.     

航空发动机用钛合金BT20组织分析及相变点的测定

为了实现航空发动机上外调节片等重要零件的再制造，对其所用材料BT20钛合金进行组织分析，采用计算法和连续升温金相法研究了BT20钛合金的相变点，为航空发动机零部件的再制造修理提供参考。     

4050润滑油前后闪点倒置现象的分析

针对油泵润滑系统存在的4050高温合成航空润滑油闪点前后倒置的现象．做了大量试验，在逐一排除干扰因素后，确定原因为现场操作不规范，使洗涤汽油混入润滑油中．导致前闪点大幅下降。     

How cosmic rays were discovered and why they received this misnomer

As many great discoveries, the phenomenon of cosmic rays was discovered mainly accidentally, during investigations that sought to answer another question: what are sources of air ionization? This problem became interesting for science about 230 years ago in the end of the 18th century, when physics met with a problem of leakage of electrical charge from very good isolated bodies. We describe the history how step by step cosmic rays was discovered and why this phenomenon received misnomer, how in cosmic rays was discovered the first antiparticle – positron. These discoveries were recognized among greatest in the 20th Century and were awarded by Nobel Prize.     

基于模糊控制的空气悬架模型建立

空气悬架以其优良的减振性能，在汽车振动控制中得到越来越广泛的应用。本文以空气悬架为研究对象，构建了带附加空气室空气悬架系统的1／4车辆振动模型；分析了空气悬架刚度调节原理和控制特性，本文采用了不依赖于被控对象精确数学模型的模糊控制策略进行空气悬架控制器的设计。     

一种高精度TVD格式中声速点处理方法

针对Ｃｈａｋｒａｖａｒｔｈｙ－ＯｓｈｅｒＴＶＤ格式，提出了一种处理声速点的方法，可使声速点和非声速点的计算统一起来 。     

防空信息系统面临的赛博战威胁与对策研究

结合21世纪防空作战概念,解析了防空信息系统对抗中赛博战的含义,分析了赛博战对防空信息系统的影响,并提出一些反制对策。这对于防空信息系统对抗赛博战、防空信息系统安全的理解,具有一定的参考意义。     

经济视角下的航空货运网络结构分析

随着经济的快速发展和信息流通的加快，航空货运在经济发展中的作用日益凸显。航空货运的发展依赖于货运网络的完善，体现出构建中国航空货运网络的重要性。以中国城市经济发展形态为切入点，以中国各城市间航段货邮运输量为样本数据，绘制出2004--2009年中国航空货运网络结构图，建立航空货运网络核心一边缘结构模型．并对其平均路径长度、网络集聚系数、度分布、边权分布和点权分布进行分析。结果表明：中国航空货运网络具有聚集效应，对经济发展具有一定的推动作用，并在此基础上呈现中国航空货运网络的进一步完善发展方向．     

微小型飞行器的神经网络动态逆控制方法

微小型飞行器(MAV)精确的数学模型很难得到,限制了单纯动态逆控制方法的使用,比例-积分-微分(PID)等传统的控制方法已不能满足要求。针对这一问题,研究了应用动态逆控制方法的新途径──神经网络动态逆。选取串接积分器的多层前向神经网络训练飞行控制系统的动态逆模型,并自适应补偿逆误差。用MATLAB的NNCTRL20工具箱并结合NNSYSID20工具箱建立了仿真系统。升降舵和方向舵联合控制转弯。用PID控制器、近似神经网络动态逆模块、在线神经网络补偿器构建了飞行控制系统。仿真结果表明,神经网络动态逆有较强的鲁棒性、稳定性和指令跟随能力,比PID更适合于微小型飞行器的姿态控制。