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火箭型单级入轨(SSTO)是今后的发展方向之一,从多方面分析了火箭型单级入轨(SSTO)方案的可能性,简要回顾了SSTO的发展历史,特别对三角快帆(DC-Clipper)作了分析,认为采取多项先进技术后是完全可以实现的。明确了单级入轨的两个基本方向:提高比冲和降低结构重量。分析了采用不同形式发动机的影响,列出了主要关键技术,最后提出了几个有参考价值的观点。 相似文献
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本文概述了边界层转捩对空天飞机性能的影响。在介绍确定边界层转捩起始点的线性稳定性理论和简单关联公式之后,又从噪声影响、头部钝头影响和钝锥飞行试验结果等几方面,讨论了线性稳定性理论的应用。接着介绍了采用转捩函数来确定转捩区的方法。从飞行试验、理论计算和风洞试验等三方面,探讨了进一步研究高超声速边界层转捩的途径。重点介绍了NASALangley研究中心的超声速、高超声速静风洞技术的发展。最后,对今后空天飞机边界层转捩的研究工作提出了建议。 相似文献
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The rising demand for Unmanned Aerial Systems(UASs) to perform tasks in hostile environments has emphasized the need for their simulation models for the preliminary evaluations of their missions. The efficiency of the UAS model is directly related to its capacity to estimate its flight dynamics with minimum computational resources. The literature describes several techniques to estimate accurate aircraft flight dynamics. Most of them are based on system identification. This paper presents an alternative methodology to obtain complete model of the S4 and S45 unmanned aerial systems. The UAS-S4 and the UAS-S45 models were divided into four sub-models, each corresponding to a specific discipline: aerodynamics, propulsion, mass and inertia, and actuator. The‘‘aerodynamic" sub-model was built using the Fderivatives in-house code, which is an improvement of the classical DATCOM procedure. The ‘‘propulsion" sub-model was obtained by coupling a two-stroke engine model based on the ideal Otto cycle and a Blade Element Theory(BET) analysis of the propeller. The ‘‘mass and the inertia" sub-model was designed utilizing the Raymer and DATCOM methodologies. A sub-model of an actuator using servomotor characteristics was employed to complete the model. The total model was then checked by validation of each submodel with numerical and experimental data. The results indicate that the obtained model was accurate and could be used to design a flight simulator. 相似文献
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知识库是进行各种自然语言处理任务不可或缺的一项基础性的资源。而目前知识库的构建还是一个难点问题,尤其是以自动方式构建复杂的领域性知识库系统的研究还处于探索阶段。本文提出一种基于实体-属性框架的领域知识库自动构建方法,致力于利用航空百科辞典的信息自动获取术语之间的上下位关系及部分实体属性关系,其中,基于多策略的上下位关系术语对提取融合了后缀子串匹配、模板自动构建、实质提取三种方法,分别考虑了辞典中反映上下位关系的不同信息。其中模板自动构建方法,在无需人工标注语料的情况下获得了比较好的效果。属性提取部分采用了以人工标注语料为前提的模板匹配方法。实验表明,本文系统对术语上下位关系抽取的F值达到76.01%,对各个属性的抽取也达到了75%以上。 相似文献
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介绍了航空CFD技术中的非结构混合网格高精度格式的基本理论和方法,国内外研究现状,几种非结构混合网格高精度格式。 相似文献
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A. Gusev G. Pugacheva V. Pankov J. Bickford W. Spjeldvik U. Jayanthi I. Martin 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,42(9):1550-1555
In the present work we assess the stable and transient antiparticle content of planetary magnetospheres, and subsequently we consider their capture and application to high delta-v space propulsion. We estimate the total antiparticle mass contained within the Earth’s magnetosphere to assess the expediency of such usage. Using Earth’s magnetic field region as an example, we have considered the various source mechanisms that are applicable to a planetary magnetosphere, the confinement duration versus transport processes, and the antiparticle loss mechanisms. We have estimated the content of the trapped population of antiparticles magnetically confined following production in the exosphere due to nuclear interactions between high energy cosmic rays (CR) and constituents of the residual planetary upper atmosphere.The galactic antiprotons that directly penetrate into the Earth’s magnetosphere are themselves secondary by its nature, i.e. produced in nuclear reactions of the cosmic rays passing through the interstellar matter. These antiproton fluxes are modified, dependent on energy, when penetrating into the heliosphere and subsequently into planetary magnetospheres. During its lifetime in the Galaxy, CR pass through the small grammage of the interstellar matter where they produce secondary antiprotons. In contrast to this, antiprotons generated by the same CR in magnetosphere are locally produced at a path length of several tens g/cm2 of matter in the ambient planetary upper atmosphere. Due to the latter process, the resulting magnetically confined fluxes significantly exceed the fluxes of the galactic antiprotons in the Earth’s vicinity by up to two orders of magnitude at some energies.The radiation belt antiparticles can possibly be extracted with an electromagnetic-based “scoop” device. The antiparticles could be concentrated by and then stored within the superimposed magnetic field structure of such a device. In future developments, it is anticipated that the energy of the captured antiparticles (both rest energy and kinetic energy) can be adapted for use as a fuel for propelling spacecraft to high velocities for remote solar system missions. 相似文献