超声速气流中横向射流雾化实验和数值模拟

为了对超声速气流中的横向射流雾化过程进行研究,在直连式实验台上进行了超声速气流中的横向射流雾化实验,并对实验工况进行了数值模拟.超声速来流的马赫数为2,实验喷雾的动压比范围为1.～11.7,实验工质为水.采用纹影法对射流雾化过程进行了拍摄,得到了有雾化的超声速流场结构和穿透深度拟合公式.同时采用欧拉-拉格朗日两相流计算方法对实验工况进行了数值模拟,雾化模型采用了一种新型K-H(Kelvin-Helmholtz)和R-T(Rayleigh-Taylor)混合模型,数值模拟与实验结果符合较好.      

DENTON程序湍流模型改进研究

改进了DENTON程序所使用的混合长度模型,使之能够适应壁面发展以及有适度分离流动的情况,并减少对经验的依赖.通过对NASARotor67转子和Rotor37转子的对比计算分析,验证了改进的混合长度模型能够进一步提高计算的可靠性,并且计算时间增加很少,保持了DENTON程序计算速度快的优势.      

基于遗传算法的液体火箭发动机参数优化

建立了液体火箭发动机系统设计的仿真模型和多目标优化模型,采用组合优化策略和遗传算法,针对全流量补燃循环发动机,进行了不同设计变量和目标函数下发动机性能参数的优化,求得全局最优解.计算结果表明,遗传算法是解决该类问题的有效方法,可为其它类似发动机的优化提供一定的指导作用.      

随机响应面法在结构随机响应计算中的应用

传统的响应面方法以一般多项式逼近结构的随机响应,但这种方式并不能保证收敛性.以随机多项式为基础的随机响应面方法,可以弥补这一不足.两个数值例子和一个发动机轮盘实例来验证这一方法的有效性.结果表明:随着随机多项式次数的增加,随机响应面所得到的响应概率密度曲线愈加趋近于由蒙特卡罗方法所得到的概率密度曲线.      

Aerodynamic Design and Analysis of a Low-reaction Axial Compressor Stage

There is introduced a new low-reaction, highly-loaded axial compressor design concept which is coupled with boundary layer suction method. The characteristic features of the concept are made clear through its comparison with the MIT boundary layer suction compressor. Also are pointed out the potential applications of this concept as well as its key technological problems. Based on this concept, a single-stage, low-reaction and low-speed axial compressor is constructed in association with analysis and computation of boundary layer suction on vanes with the aid of a three-dimensional numerical approach. The results attest to the effectiveness of this way to control separation in blade cascades by the boundary layer suction and the feasibility of this proposed design concept.     

腹下无隔道大偏距跨声速S弯进气道气动特性的实验研究(英文)

An investigation on the ventral diverterless high offset S-shaped inlet is carried out at Mach numbers from 0.600 to 1.534, angles of attack from -4° to 9.4°, and yaw angles from 0° to 8°. Results indicate： （1） a large region of low total pressure exists at the lower part of the inlet exit caused by the counter-rotating vortices in the S-shaped duct; （2） the performances of the inlet at Mach number 1.000 reach almost the highest, so the propulsion system could work efficiently in terms of aerodynamics; （3） the total pressure recovery increases slowly at first and then remains unvaried as the Mach number rises from 0.6 to 1.0, however, it does in an opposite manner in the conventional diverter-equipped S-shaped inlet; （4） the performances of the inlet are generally insensitive to angles of attack from -4° to 9.4° and yaw angles from 0° to 8° at Mach number 0.850, and angles of attack from -2° to 6° and yaw angles from 0° to 5° at Mach number 1.534.     

Foreign Object Damage to Fan Rotor Blades of Aeroengine Part Ⅱ： Numerical Simulation of Bird Impact

Bird impact is one of the most dangerous threats to flight safety. The consequences of bird impact can be severe and, therefore, the aircraft components have to be certified for a proven level of bird impact resistance before being put into service. The fan rotor blades of aeroengine are the components being easily impacted by birds. It is necessary to ensure that the fan rotor blades should have adequate resistance against the bird impact, to reduce the flying accidents caused by bird impacts. Using the contacting-impacting algorithm, the numerical simulation is carded out to simulate bird impact. A three-blade computational model is set up for the fan rotor blade having shrouds. The transient response curves of the points corresponding to measured points in experiments, displacements and equivalent stresses on the blades are obtained during the simulation. From the comparison of the transient response curves obtained from numerical simulation with that obtained from experiments, it can be found that the variations in measured points and the corresponding points of simulation are basically the same. The deforming process, the maximum displacements and the maximum equivalent stresses on blades are analyzed. The numerical simulation verifies and complements the experiment results.     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

预爆管式脉冲爆震原型机试验研究

为了实现多循环吸气式脉冲爆震发动机（PDE）在较短距离内缓燃向爆震的转捩,降低主爆管通过障碍物触发爆震的内部阻力损失,设计了预爆管和主爆管以同种混气（汽油/空气）为工作介质的两相PDE原型机,试验研究了爆震燃烧过程。研究表明：当预爆管出口扩张角度为45°时,可以实现爆震波在主爆管内向衍射面上、下游传播;设计的预爆管式PDE原型机可以实现最高频率为66.7 Hz的稳定间歇工作。     

基于健康蜕化的航空发动机传感器故障诊断(英文)

改进在线故障诊断算法使其能适应发动机健康蜕化是目前故障诊断所面临的困难,如果诊断算法没有自适应能力,在发动机健康蜕化后将失去其诊断功能。为了解决此问题,提出在线故障诊断算法,采用跟踪滤波器估计发动机的健康状况,机载模型根据跟踪滤波器的估计结果进行更新。更新后的机载模型能够与真实的发动机相匹配。这使得当发动机健康蜕化后在线故障诊断仍能保持其有效性。最后采用一组卡尔曼滤波器来对航空发动机传感器故障进行诊断与隔离。通过设计好的一组卡尔曼滤波器,能够诊断并隔离出故障。本文使用非线性发动机模型来验证此方法,仿真结果表明本文提出的在线诊断方法在发动机健康蜕化后仍能保持其有效性。