重复使用液体火箭发动机用材料及工艺研究进展

系统梳理了国外几种典型的可重复使用液体火箭发动机用材料及工艺情况,着重介绍了氢氧火箭发动机、液氧/煤油火箭发动机、液氧/甲烷发动机等可重复使用液体火箭发动机的推力室、涡轮泵、喷管等关键构件材料选用及成型工艺情况。分析各种液体火箭发动机性能需求及结构特点,探究关键材料及工艺技术发展趋势,对比国内可重复使用液体火箭发动机材料及工艺研究现状,为后续可重复使用液体火箭发动机材料及工艺技术发展方向提供思路。     

毫米波通信定位一体化自组网资源分配技术

毫米波通信链路具有低延迟、高速率和高定向性的特点,能够实现高速率自组网通信和高精度节点定位。在通信定位一体化背景下,研究了毫米波自组网中的多用户资源分配问题。系统采用基于正交频分多址(OFDMA)的多用户通信定位一体化框架,推导了基于位置估计误差界(PEB)和方位估计误差界(OEB)的多用户定位性能准则和基于数据速率的通信准则,建立了时域和频域的资源分配优化问题模型,在保障链路通信速率的前提下,最优化用户的定位性能指标。为了求解上述混合整数非线性规划问题,引入广义Benders分解算法,将优化问题分解为主问题和子问题进行迭代求解,得到有效的资源分配结果,最后通过仿真验证了资源分配对定位与通信性能的影响以及算法的有效性。     

舵模型风洞颤振试验中亚临界技术的应用研究

为降低模型和风洞设备的损坏率，用随机激励和频响函数分析法，测定进入颤振临界点之前舵面颤振试验模型在不同风洞气流动压下的模态频率和阻尼比，由阻尼外推法或稳定参数法确定颤振临界动压。数次进入颤振状态的试验结果证明，所获得的颤振临界参数有较高的精度。     

无压渗透制备（Al2O3）P／Al复合材料的结构及渗透机理

叙述了无压液态金属（含镁铝合金）渗透法制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒增强铝基复合材料（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ｐ／Ａｌ的工艺过程，对（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ｐ／Ａｌ的微观结构进行了分析，提出了无压渗透机理。分析结果表明，试样渗透完全，（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ｐ／Ａｌ显微结构致密；在Ａｌ２Ｏ３与Ａｌ的界面处，原位生成ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ３尖晶石晶体，它使界面结合牢固，对复合材料起到强化作用，镁除与Ａｌ２Ｏ３反应外，其余部分固溶于基体铝中，特定的合金成份及特殊的截留气氛下以及原位反应都有助于改善铝对（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ｐ的浸润性或产生选择渗透，这样，铝在自发状态下完全渗透入（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ｐ骨架之中。     

战术弹道导弹的防御及其关键技术

论述了以改进型防空导弹拦截战术弹道导弹以及建立未来战术弹道导弹防御(ATBM )系统必须解决的关键技术。介绍和分析了美国、俄罗斯战术弹道导弹防御体系的特点 ,认为战术弹道导弹的防御应该主要地依靠并发展地基拦截系统。     

International involvement in the US space station programme

This article considers the issues surrounding the nature and extent of involvement in the US space station initiative. The motives and objectives of US cooperation with its allies are analysed from the perspective of both the USA and its potential partners. Guidelines for the forthcoming negotiations between these parties are elaborated through a review of past experience in international space cooperation. Developing a framework for collaboration will require significant trade-offs and will have to accommodate a number of not always consistent interests.     

反辐射导弹技术发展评述

分析了国外几个主要反辐射导弹研制与生产国的典型反辐射导弹的技术战术性能和指标的两头对反辐射导弹技术，特别是被动寻的导引头技术的未来发展进行了评述。     

Power from space: the policy challenge

The scientific community has long embraced the concept of globalized collaboration, recognizing that scientific inquiry knows no borders and that scientific theory transcends nationality. With respect to translating scientific and technological innovation into practical application, however, national, political, and ideological barriers suddenly arise. At a time when the worlds of economics and finance are rapidly globalizing, the world of applied science lags behind — despite increasingly urgent need for global energy solutions. In the context of considering space solar power (SSP) systems, the author contends that these solutions require new ways of determining costs and benefits; that scientific experts should seek active engagement in the policy arena; and that SSP's scientific community has a critical role to play in advocating for consideration of space-based energy solutions.     

高温合金材料螺孔加工技术研究

高温合金GH4169属镍基高温合金,是航天发动机高温系统中应用广泛的高温结构材料,但它的切削加工性能极差。如以相对正火状态45钢的切削加工性Kv=1来衡量,高温合金的切削加工性Kv=0.2~0.5,而镍基高温合金的Kv=0.2。其切削加工特点主要表现为强度高,塑性大,切削抗力大,冷作硬化严重,切削温度高,刀具在加工过程中磨损剧烈,以攻丝为加工最难点,小直径的螺孔用普通攻丝方法几乎无法加工,已经严重影响了公司的生产进度和产品质量。我们经过自己研究、攻关和与国内几所大学联合开发,特别是利用北京师范大学的离子注入技术,开发出加工高温合金螺孔的新型丝锥,现已用于公司的发动机生产,基本能满足公司的需要,解决了存在多年的高温合金的螺孔加工的难题。     

European spaceflight at the crossroads

Plans for Europe's future participation in space development are still under active discussion. This article offers a contribution to the debate, considering how Europe can best fulfil its own objectives. Choice of launch vehicle and its payload, as well as of other tools such as space station, re-entry vehicle, and launch site equipment are analysed. The article also discusses the purposes of space research for Europe, and the costs of a useful programme. A far-reaching European space programme still needs to be drawn up if Europe is not to lose out.