尖头细长体中小迎角流动结构的数值模拟和实验研究

利用可压缩层流Navier-Stokes方程模拟了尖头细长体中小迎角的流动结构。给出了4个迎角状态的物面流谱,分析了极限流线随迎角的发展过程;给出了25°迎角的横截面流谱,分析了它们的拓扑特征。展示了由主涡涡对、二次涡对和Tertiary涡对等三重涡组成的完整的涡系结构,强调了Tertiary涡在涡系演化中的意义,及其沿轴向发展过程中迹线的合并与分叉现象。计算与实验结果定性一致。     

双功能陶瓷膜生物反应器处理污水的实验研究

针对目前膜生物反应器运行过程中膜易污染的问题，研制了一种新型的双功能陶瓷膜生物反应器．该生物反应器的主要特点是采用一种具有双重功能的陶瓷膜作为生物反应器的主要元件，陶瓷膜可以交替地进行曝气和过滤，将膜的在线反冲清洗和生物反应器的供氧曝气结合在一起．考察了不同运行条件下该反应器对COD、氨氮的去除效果．对陶瓷膜的充氧能力进行了实验，测得小孔陶瓷膜、大孔陶瓷膜、砂型曝气头的氧传递系数分别为：0．2315min-1，0．1587min-1，0．0991min-1．     

GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

临近空间高超声速飞行器鲁棒自适应控制方法

提出了一种新的将自适应滑模变结构控制与动态逆控制组合的鲁棒自适应的控制方法,用于临近空间高超声速飞行器的再入阶段飞行控制系统设计。用内外环动态逆控制将非线性飞行器对象近似解耦成不确定的3通道一阶线性系统,将所有不确定性转化为匹配的逆误差;由自适应滑模变结构控制给出动态逆的输入信号,消除逆误差的影响,保证对制导指令的鲁棒跟踪。某高超声速飞行器临近空间再入的六自由度仿真结果表明:控制器有较好的鲁棒性和跟踪性能。     

Time-dependent cosmic ray modulation

Time-dependent cosmic ray modulation is calculated over multiple solar cycles using our well established two-dimensional time-dependent modulation model. Results are compared to Voyager 1, Ulysses and IMP cosmic ray observations to establish compatibility. A time-dependence in the diffusion and drift coefficients, implicitly contained in recent expressions derived by , ,  and , is incorporated into the cosmic ray modulation model. This results in calculations which are compatible with spacecraft observations on a global scale over consecutive solar cycles. This approach compares well to the successful compound approach of Ferreira and Potgieter (2004). For both these approaches the magnetic field magnitude, variance of the field and current sheet tilt angle values observed at Earth are transported time-dependently into the outer heliosphere. However, when results are compared to observations for extreme solar maximum, the computed step-like modulation is not as pronounced as observed. This indicates that some additional merging of these structures into more pronounced modulation barriers along the way is needed.     

Numerical prediction and wind tunnel experiment for a pitching unmanned combat air vehicle

The low-speed flowfield for a generic unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) is investigated both experimentally and numerically. A wind tunnel experiment was conducted with the Boeing 1301 UCAV at a variety of angles of attack up to 70 degrees, both statically and with various frequencies of pitch oscillation (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 Hz). In addition, pitching was performed about three longitudinal locations on the configuration (the nose, 35% MAC, and the tail). Solutions to the unsteady, laminar, compressible Navier–Stokes equations were obtained on an unstructured mesh to match results from the static and dynamic experiments. The computational results are compared with experimental results for both static and pitching cases. Details about the flowfield, including vortex formation and interaction, are shown and discussed, including the non-linear aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle.     

空间群Pn3mPn3P23子群链耦合系数的计算

本文利用陈金全教授的本征函数法计算了Pn3m Pn3 P2 3空间群的母分系数。最后的计算结果表明 ,用陈金全教授的本征函数法所求得的母分系数确实满足幺正、归一性 ,同时也证明了本征函数法对于求母分系数同样适用     

LU—ADI方法在求解跨声速翼型绕流问题中的应用

本文利用LU-ADI方法求解了跨声速范围内的Euler、NS方程。研究了边界的处理和某些求解方法的改进。     

汽车空气动力学的特点与问题

本文简述了汽车空气动力学的基本特点,并部分结合作者的研究成果论述了汽车空气动力学的主要问题。     

Effects of yaw-roll coupling ratio on the lateral-directional departure prediction and restraint

The experimental data obtained from yaw-roll coupled wind tunnel tests are used for lateral-directional departure prediction, by linearizing the_b model to extract nominal dynamic derivatives at each coupling ratio.The prediction results are compared with those of the existing engineering methods which are based on the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.The comparison shows that the yaw-roll coupling ratio has a great influence on the departure susceptibility.The departure resistance will loss in partial region of the coupling ratio when the angle of attack is higher than a critical value.According to the stable and unstable regions of coupling ratio, a two-segment stability augmentation system with two different feedback gain matrices is obtained by pole-placement method.The two-segment stability augmentation system is used in the simulations of straight and level flight, steady turn, spin recovery and Herbst maneuver.The simulation results are also compared with the applications of a fixed-gain stability augmentation system designed by the conventional aerodynamic derivatives.When the yaw-roll coupling effects are fully considered, the two-segment stability augmentation system is more effective for departure restraint and can provide a better flying quality with less control energy.