Real-time trajectory planning for UCAV air-to-surface attack using inverse dynamics optimization method and receding horizon control

This paper presents a computationally efficient real-time trajectory planning framework for typical unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) performing autonomous air-to-surface (A/S) attack. It combines the benefits of inverse dynamics optimization method and receding horizon optimal control technique. Firstly, the ground attack trajectory planning problem is mathematically formulated as a receding horizon optimal control problem (RHC-OCP). In particular, an approximate elliptic launch acceptable region (LAR) model is proposed to model the critical weapon delivery constraints. Secondly, a planning algorithm based on inverse dynamics optimization, which has high computational efficiency and good convergence properties, is developed to solve the RHCOCP in real-time. Thirdly, in order to improve robustness and adaptivity in a dynamic and uncer- tain environment, a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) receding horizon control architecture is introduced and a regular real-time update strategy is proposed as well, and the real-time feedback can be achieved and the not-converged situations can be handled. Finally, numerical simulations demon- strate the efficiency of this framework, and the results also show that the presented technique is well suited for real-time implementation in dynamic and uncertain environment.     

A Problem of choosing an optimal number of information unmanned aerial vehicles

Using formalism of the queueing theory, we propose two-objective models for optimizing the number of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) designed for remote monitoring (reconnaissance) of certain regions. A model that takes into account the UAV failure in performing a flight mission is considered. The numerical method and examples of solving problems stated are presented.     

General optimal design of solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle for priority considering propulsion system

This paper describes the general optimization design method of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle which priority considering propulsion system planning. Based on the traditional solar powered aircraft design method, the propulsion system top-level target parameters which affect the path planning are integrated into the general optimization design. According to the typical mission requirements of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, considering the design variables such as wing area, aspect ratio, design mission date and so on, the general optimization is carried out with the minimum aircraft weight as the optimization objective. The influence of wing area and aspect ratio on the optimal design results is analyzed and compared with the traditional design method. The results show that the general design method of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for priority considering propulsion system can greatly reduce the electricity demand of energy storage battery, greatly reduce the aircraft weight of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle.     

微型飞行器飞行监测系统设计

根据微型飞行器(Micro Aerial Vehicle-MAV)飞行测试的需求,设计了一种飞行监测系统。系统主要由操纵输入数据记录、地面监测计算机和无线测控链路三大部分组成。详细介绍了各部分的功能和设计方法,最后探讨了一种基于nRF401的测控链路实现方案。     

无人机伞降回收运动分析

针对小型无人机伞降回收的特点,研究了在无人机回收过程中,飞机及降落伞系统的运动轨迹及姿态。通过分析机伞间的力学关系,建立了机伞系统运动模型,并进行了仿真分析,给出了无风情况下回收运动的仿真结果。结果表明,系统能够满足无人机回收要求,可以决定最佳的回收参数,从而得到最优回收轨迹和姿态。     

无人机攻击预警机飞行仿真模型初探

高空快速反辐射无人机是未来攻击预警机的重要武器之一。以某型无人机的技术参数为原型,将某型预警机作为假想目标,讨论了将高速反辐射导弹技术与无人机技术相结合的途径,并建立了无人机攻击预警机的飞行仿真模型。对数字仿真的实时结果所进行的分析同时也表明,无人机攻击预警机是可行的。     

基于反馈线性化的高速无人机自适应控制系统设计

高速无人机是典型的复杂非线性、参数不确定性系统,且各控制通道之间存在强耦合作用,这对飞行控制系统设计提出了严峻挑战。针对其非线性特性和耦合特性,采用精确反馈线性化理论将无人机动力学模型解耦为3个独立的子系统,即滚转、俯仰和偏航通道;应用模型参考自适应控制方法分别设计每个通道的姿态控制器。研究表明,上述线性化方法能够实现三通道解耦,所设计控制系统满足飞行控制性能要求,且对气动参数摄动和外部干扰具有较强的鲁棒性。     

复杂不确定性下多无人机的抗扰时变编队控制

针对存在不确定非线性动态和外部时变干扰的多无人机系统的时变编队问题,提出了基于扩张状态观测器(ESO)的抗扰编队控制方法。首先建立了分布式ESO来估计多无人机系统的不确定性,基于ESO的输出提出了抗扰编队控制律,并提出一套算法来对控制律进行参数选定。然后,通过分析得到基于该控制律下,多无人机系统实现抗扰时变编队所需要的充要条件,并最终严格证明了在满足编队充要条件和基于提出的控制律下,多无人机系统可以稳定实现抗扰时变编队。最后仿真结果表明理论方法的有效性。     

基于积分器初值的无人机飞行控制律平滑切换方法

针对无人机自主飞行过程中多组复杂控制律之间的切换问题,提出了基于积分器初值的控制律平滑切换方法。通过将复杂控制律的各个环节进行形式变换,拆分成由比例和积分组成的基本单元结构;然后以舵面平滑切换为目标,依次递推出复杂控制律中所有积分器的初值,实现不同控制律之间的平滑切换。仿真验证了复杂飞行控制律之间平滑切换方法的有效性。     

一种适合于大尺寸航拍图像的特征点提取方法简

 一些航拍图像的尺寸较大,现有的特征点提取算法在对其处理时均要耗费大量的时间,针对这一问题,提出一种快速有效的特征点提取算法。首先构造原始图像的拉普拉斯金字塔,以获得图像的尺度信息,同时保留图像的方向信息;再使用非均匀多方向滤波器组将金字塔图像分解在不同方向上,在分解后的图像中提取局部极值点作为候选特征点集;采用特定的合并策略合并候选特征点最终得到特征点集,并根据方向滤波器组为特征点分配方向向量。试验结果表明,本文算法在基本保证提取到的特征点匹配率及正确率的前提下,有较高的效率。