Prediction of electric-powered fixed-wing UAV endurance

To overcome the problems encountered in predicting the endurance of electricpowered fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs),which were stemmed from the dynamic changes in electric power system efficiency and battery discharge characteristics under different operating conditions,the required battery power model and battery discharge model were studied.The required battery power model was determined using an approximate model of electric power system efficiency based on wind tunnel testing and the self-adaptive penalty function.Furthermore,current correction and ambient temperature correction terms were proposed for the trained Kriging model representing the discharge characteristics under standard operation,and then the discharged capacity-terminal voltage model was established.Through numerical integration of this model with the required battery power model,the electric-powered fixed-wing UAV endurance prediction model was obtained.Laboratory tests indicated that the proposed endurance model could precisely calculate the battery discharge time and accurately describe the battery discharge process.The similarity of the theoretical and flight test results reflected the accuracy of the proposed endurance model as well as the importance of considering dynamic changes in power system efficiency in endurance calculations.The proposed endurance model meeting precision requirements can be used in practical engineering applications.     

非死锁合同网协议驱动的多机分布式时序任务分配

针对多无人机协同任务分配的时序约束问题，提出了基于非死锁合同网协议(DF CNP)的分布式时序任务分配方法，从理论上避免任务死锁，提升分配结果最优性。定义了局部信息条件下时序任务死锁判据，通过检测时序任务图环路状态与顶点可达性，判定分配方案的全局死锁状态，保证分配结果的可行性。定制了最近邻-深度优先混合搜索算法，在合同网排序过程中优先选择最近邻任务，并结合死锁判据递归回溯，在分布式架构下并行生成满足死锁约束的任务排序方案，提升分配结果的最优性。仿真对比结果表明：相比于非死锁遗传算法(TB GA)，DF CNP在求解效率方面具有显著优势；与耦合约束一致性束算法(CBBA TCC)相比，DF CNP结果最优性明显提升。     

一种超视距组网无人机载通信系统设计

针对超视距集群作业需求，提出将Ka频段高通量卫星技术与TD-LTE协议区域组网技术相结合，构建一种“1+N”架构的无人机载测控通信系统。通过方案介绍，阐述了卫星、组网、载荷等模块的设计思路、方案选型及实物设计结果，明确核心单元特点。详细论述了异构网络通信、平滑低延时传输、信源加密等关键技术，并完成链路余量计算、带宽时延测试及飞行试验。试验结果表明：系统任意终端间双向通信稳定可靠，方案设计合理可行。相比于卫星、组网单模通信方式，系统在长航距集群测控、任务协同、临场机动及应用资费等方面具有明显优势，为后续构建空天一体化多平台支撑通信系统，提供工程实践参考。     

基于惯性/激光测距/视觉里程计组合的高空场景尺度误差估计方法

惯性/视觉感知信息融合导航定位技术是目前实现无人机不依赖卫星自主导航的最有效手段。但对于面向高空场景的大型无人机，惯性器件误差与视觉里程计尺度误差耦合且特征平面化导致可观测性下降。针对这一问题，提出了利用惯性/激光测距/视觉里程计组合实现尺度误差估计的方法。通过开展误差模型建立、激光测量点与图像中位置匹配、无人机平飞机动下系统可观测性分析等关键技术研究，实现了高空场景下尺度误差的精确估计。经过300m高度机载试验数据验证，算法精度优于1.5%D，对卫星拒止条件下高空无人机自主导航具有重要意义。