基于大规模定制的产品建模技术及配置过程研究

分析了三种主要的生产模式及其演变,在分析产品族结构形成过程的基础上提出基于配置单元的产品族结构模型,并对配置单元进行了论述。给出实现配置过程的算法并用实例进行验证。     

阻力伞附加质量与阻力系数修正方法

在阻力伞试验,特别是高速滑车试验过程中,由于阻力伞系统作非匀加速的非定常运动以及前置体尾流场的影响,现有的阻力伞试验数据计算方法已经难以准确计算其阻力系数.本文针对阻力伞试验过程中的这种非定常运动和尾流干扰特性,对阻力伞系统进行了动力学分析,并对阻力伞非定常运动过程中的附加质量和尾流场特性进行了理论研究,提出了阻力伞双...     

Space storm measurements of the July 2005 solar extreme events from the low corona to the Earth

The Athens Neutron Monitor Data Processing (ANMODAP) Center recorded an unusual Forbush decrease with a sharp enhancement of cosmic ray intensity right after the main phase of the Forbush decrease on 16 July 2005, followed by a second decrease within less than 12 h. This exceptional event is neither a ground level enhancement nor a geomagnetic effect in cosmic rays. It rather appears as the effect of a special structure of interplanetary disturbances originating from a group of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the 13–14 July 2005 period. The initiation of the CMEs was accompanied by type IV radio bursts and intense solar flares (SFs) on the west solar limb (AR 786); this group of energetic phenomena appears under the label of Solar Extreme Events of July 2005. We study the characteristics of these events using combined data from Earth (the ARTEMIS IV radioheliograph, the Athens Neutron Monitor (ANMODAP)), space (WIND/WAVES) and data archives. We propose an interpretation of the unusual Forbush profile in terms of a magnetic structure and a succession of interplanetary shocks interacting with the magnetosphere.     

Modelling and observations of photospheric magnetic helicity

Mounting observational evidence of the emergence of twisted magnetic flux tubes through the photosphere have now been published. Such flux tubes, formed by the solar dynamo and transported through the convection zone, eventually reach the solar atmosphere. Their accumulation in the solar corona leads to flares and coronal mass ejections. Since reconnections occur during the evolution of the flux tubes, the concepts of twist and magnetic stress become inappropriate. Magnetic helicity, as a well preserved quantity, in particular in plasma with high magnetic Reynolds number, is a more suitable physical quantity to use, even if reconnection is involved.     

过冷水滴凝固机理及凝固组织特征

针对飞机过冷水滴结冰的精细化预测需求,基于相变热力学与相变动力学相关理论,采用示差扫描量热法（DSC）、结冰风洞试验及微结构测试相结合的方法,研究了过冷水滴凝固过程的热力学机理及凝固组织特征。基于示差扫描量热法,研究了冷却速率及形核条件对结晶凝固特性的影响规律;基于结冰风洞试验开展了不同温度条件下冰相的宏观形貌及微结构特征研究。结果表明,过冷条件及冷却速率是影响过冷水滴结晶速率及结晶完善程度的重要因素。降温速率越大,结晶速率常数增大、结晶速率相应提高。同时,结晶峰变宽,结晶初始温度向低温方向移动,过冷效应相对显著;反之亦然。过冷度及冷却速率对冰相的宏观及微观形貌均有着重要影响。过冷度越大则相同时间内冷却速率越大,晶体生长过程越不充分,晶体不规则程度相对较高,同时晶粒密度变大、尺度变小,冰相表观透明度相对降低;反之,过冷度越小,则晶粒密度变小、尺度变大,冰相表观透明度相对较高。异相形核条件对加速结晶过程有重要促进作用,晶种的存在可有效加速二次结晶的触发,使过冷效应显著减弱。相关研究可为飞机结冰速率、冰相物理特征及冰形宏观形貌的精细化预测提供参考。     

小型磁偏转质谱计性能实验研究

自主研发了小型磁偏转质谱计,并对其质量范围、分辨本领、灵敏度和最小可检分压力四个主要性能指标进行了实验测试和比对。结果表明,该质谱计的质量范围为（1~143）amu,相对N₂的分辨本领为1400,灵敏度为4.2×10^-5 A/Pa,最小可检分压力为9.5×10^-7 Pa。该测试和比对结果为磁偏转质谱计进一步的优化设计和性能提高奠定了重要基础。     

高性能混凝土的外加剂优化研究(英文)

运用不同减水剂和早强剂配制高性能混凝土(High performance concrete,HPC),测定其工作性、标准养护强度和蒸汽养护强度,研究了HPC的外加剂选用原则。结果表明,掺加聚缩酸系高效减水剂有利于HPC获得高工作性和高强度。硫酸钠早强剂将导致工作性不好,强度降低。对于蒸汽养护的HPC制品,应该优先采用硫酸钠含量低的萘系高效减水剂。因此,HPC外加剂的选择应该考虑养护条件的差异。     

Geoeffectivity of Coronal Mass Ejections

Coronal mass ejections and post-shock streams driven by them are the most efficient drivers of strong magnetospheric activity, magnetic storms. For this reason there is considerable interest in trying to make reliable forecasts for the effects of CMEs as much in advance as possible. To succeed this requires understanding of all aspects related to CMEs, starting from their emergence on the Sun to their propagation to the vicinity of the Earth and to effects within the magnetosphere. In this article we discuss some recent results on the geoeffectivity of different types of CME/shock structures. A particularly intriguing observation is that smoothly rotating magnetic fields within CMEs are most efficient in driving storm activity seen in the inner magnetosphere due to enhanced ring current, whereas the sheath regions between the shock and the ejecta tend to favour high-latitude activity.     

星用非金属材料出气模型的应用

卫星上所用非金属材料，在空间真空环境下存在出气行为，产生污染效应。为了研究这种出气行为，本文以扩散理论为理论依据，推导材料出气模型。利用空间分子污染气体分析仪，测试了星用非金属材料的出气速率变化，对所测数据进行曲线拟合，通过试验和理论分析，证实了模型推导的正确性，结果表明：经过6h的真空加热预处理能够有效减少出气污染。     

原子氧对Kapton／Al薄膜性能影响研究

模拟空间环境下原子氧辐照条件,通过采用固定的原子氧束流密度进行不同时间辐照试验,研究了温控涂层材料Kapton/Al薄膜的质量损失、光学性能、表面形貌和表面粗糙度的演化规律.试验结果表明,原子氧对材料的剥蚀量与原子氧的作用时间成正比例关系.材料辐照后太阳吸收率发生明显变化,而辐射率几乎不发生变化.辐照后试样表面的粗糙度,是影响太阳吸收率变化主要因素.随着辐照时间的增长,材料表面粗糙度增加,导致太阳吸收率增大.