造型细节和离地间隙对轿车气动性能影响研究_修改稿

汽车造型的不同处理方法、发动机安放位置、离地间隙、发动机舱冷却风的排出模式对轿车气动性能产生影响。应用FLUENT软件，分别对汽车造型的不同处理方法、发动机安放位置、离地间隙、发动机舱冷却风的排出模式进行气动性能仿真。结果表明：汽车造型的处理方法中以加车轮和加发动机舱对气动性能影响最大，发动机存在最佳的安放位置，不同的离地间隙对仿真结果影响很大，选择发动机舱冷却风的排出模式要综合考虑阻力系数和升力系数。     

Optimization Based on Convergence Velocity and Reliability for Hydraulic Servo System

This article presents an optimal hybrid fuzzy proportion integral derivative (HFPID) controller based on combination of proportion integral derivative (PID) and fuzzy controllers, by which the parameters could be evaluated by global optimization either in convergence velocity or in convergence reliability. Focusing on the nonlinear factors of hydraulic servo system, this article takes advantage of PID and fuzzy logic controller integrated with scaling factors to acquire precise tracking performances. To further improve the performances, it provides new developed optimization with rapid convergence to attain reliable approach probability. Focusing on the performance indictors of evolutionary algorithm, this article presents a new technique to predict reliability of the optimization algorithm. Statistics authenticates the effectiveness and robustness of the optimization. Further, many simulation and experimental results indicate that the optimal HFPID could acquire perfect immunity against parametric uncertainties with external disturbance.     

Occurrence rate of SAR arcs during the 23rd solar activity cycle

The occurrence rate of SAR arcs during 1997–2007 has been analyzed based on the photometric observations at the Yakutsk meridian (Maimaga station, corrected geomagnetic coordinates: 57°N, 200°E). SAR arcs appeared in 114 cases (∼500 h) during ∼370 nights of observations (∼3170 h). The occurrence frequency of SAR arcs increases to 27% during the growth phase of solar activity and has a clearly defined maximum at a decline of cycle 23. The SAR arc registration probability corresponds to the variations in geomagnetic activity in this solar cycle. The dates, intervals of UT, and geomagnetic latitudes of SAR arc observations at the Yakutsk meridian are presented.     

滚控发动机燃气引流方案研究

依据某型滚控发动机实际结构,设计了3种燃气引流方案,方案1采用喷管与引射直筒留有间隙的布局形式,方案2采用喷管嵌入引射筒、引射筒后部接弯管的布局形式,方案3采用喷管直接排入引射筒的布局形式.采用商业软件对3种方案的引流效果进行了数值仿真,仿真结果表明方案1结构简单、易于实施,能够满足燃气顺利排放条件;方案2能够满足燃气引流,但会产生较大轴向力;方案3也可满足燃气引流,但引射筒与喷管间隙较难控制;综合分析得到方案1适合该滚控发动机燃气引流.     

叉流管－管型换热器二维温度场的数值分析

建立并导出叉流管－管型换热器传热过程的二维数学模型及相应的差分格式。对比实验数据和性能计算结果，表明数值方法是有效可行的，据此编制的计算机程序已成功地用于组合发动机空气预冷换热器工作过程的预测。     

发动机地面试验点火时序控制研究

分析了固体发动机试验点火控制电路及其三个主要环节：交流继电器，电磁继电器及引线，后者为长约300m的导线，模拟研究表明，在点火瞬间及点火前预调点火电流时，引线会产生自感电压对线路产生干扰，研究了提高时序控制精度，点火可靠性及电路安全性的途径。     

Probing solar and stellar interior dynamics and dynamo

Solar and stellar activity is a result of complex interaction between magnetic field, turbulent convection and differential rotation in a star’s interior. Magnetic field is believed to be generated by a dynamo process in the convection zone. It emerges on the surface forming sunspots and starspots. Localization of the magnetic spots and their evolution with the activity cycle is determined by large-scale interior flows. Thus, the internal dynamics of the Sun and other stars hold the key to understanding the dynamo mechanism and activity cycles. Recently, significant progress has been made for modeling magnetohydrodynamics of the stellar interiors and probing the internal rotation and large-scale dynamics of the Sun by helioseismology. Also, asteroseismology is beginning to probe interiors of distant stars. I review key achievements and challenges in our quest to understand the basic mechanisms of solar and stellar activity.     

波音737-700/800发动机引气系统故障诊断与分析

针对波音737-700/800发动机引气系统经常发生的引气跳开及管道压力低等故障,结合引气系统的工作原理、特性以及实践经验进行了全面分析,并提出了明确的排故思路。     

涡扇发动机性能退化缓解控制与推力设定

为了补偿性能退化发动机的推力损失,减轻飞行员工作负担,提高推进系统的自动化程度,开展了涡扇发动机性能退化缓解控制(EPDMC)研究。针对某型涡扇发动机部件级模型设计了具备稳态控制、加/减速过渡态控制和极限保护等功能的基准控制器;在此基础上设计了外环推力控制回路,给出1种在多参数约束下的推力设定方法,并设计了合理的切换逻辑确保内外环控制器能协调工作。MATLAB/Simulink下的仿真结果表明:该智能改进控制系统架构可以在保证发动机安全工作的前提下,通过合理地设定期望推力,最大程度地补偿推力损失,维持油门杆角度和推力的对应关系近似不变。     

基于自适应Kalman滤波的改进PSO算法

针对基于Kalman滤波的PSO算法在设计与应用过程中存在的不足,提出了基于自适应Kalman滤波的改进PSO算法。利用粒子群状态空间Markov链模型,建立粒子群系统状态方程;采用粒子的速度和位置作为观测量,构建观测方程;引入记忆衰减因子动态调整Kalman滤波模型参数及噪声方差阵,降低模型误差,提高粒子的位置估计精度。仿真实验表明:改进的PSO算法无论在优化精度、收敛速度,还是在稳定性方面都有很大的改进和提高,这就有效避免了粒子的"早熟"收敛问题;尤其在处理复杂多峰问题上,改进算法表现出很明显的优越性。