飞机燃油箱惰化中氧体积分数控制指标分析

对油箱惰化的氧体积分数控制指标,即极限氧体积分数,测定标准、理论与实验研究成果进行了较为系统地梳理与总结,并基于前人研究成果提出:(1)采用N₂惰化时,对于RP-3燃油,其地面状态下,可采用12%作为油箱氧体积分数控制指标。(2)对于民机,飞行包线内燃油箱氧体积分数控制指标可为从海平面到3 048 m高度,油箱内气相空间极限氧体积分数不超过12%,3 048～12 192 m高度,不超过从12%线性增加到14.5%;对于军机,可以考虑在民机标准上增加20%安全裕度,即从地面的9%线性增加至12 192 m的12%。(3)目前国内军机惰化系统研制中,规定在整个飞行包线内控制燃油箱气相空间氧体积分数不超过9%的要求值得商榷,它将直接带来因过度防护而产生的代偿损失过大等问题。     

斜齿轮啮合刚度变化规律研究

利用基于线性规划法计算啮合刚度和载荷分布的改进方法,分别计算了一对内、外啮合斜齿轮在不同螺旋角时的啮合刚度,总结了啮合刚度在一个啮合周期内的变化规律.计算结果表明,所有参与啮合轮齿形成的啮合线总长度是决定啮合刚度大小的主要因素,在进入啮合和退出啮合的瞬时位置,啮合刚度会减小.通过与航空工业部标准(HB/Z 84.1-1984)算法的计算结果比较,浅析了轮缘厚度对啮合刚度的影响.      

超临界压力下正庚烷的湍流传热数值研究

 应用修正的对应态方法、基本的热力学关系式和Soave-Redlich-Kwong(SRK)状态方程计算了超临界压力下流体的传输物性和热力学性质,并将这些普适性的物性计算方法与计算流体力学（CFD）数值模型相结合,针对火箭推进系统、高超声速飞行器相关的超临界传热和发动机冷却现象,在准确考虑热力学性质和传输物性变化情况下,系统地研究了一种典型的碳氢燃料——正庚烷在超临界压力下的湍流传热现象,详细分析了超临界压力对流动和传热的影响,揭示了对流换热努塞尔数的变化规律,并将数值模拟计算结果与已有经验公式进行了比较。计算结果显示在超临界压力下,努塞尔数随着压力的降低而降低,并且在临界区域附近会出现湍流传热的恶化和波动现象。     

内圈带缺陷中介轴承的动力学建模与振动响应分析

针对外圈支承于低压转子轴颈,内圈支承于高压转子轴颈支承形式的中介轴承,在考虑轴承径向间隙变化和滚动体通过内圈缺陷时接触变形量发生变化的基础上,建立了内圈含单一故障缺陷的中介轴承动力学模型。数值仿真研究了轴承振动响应的有量纲参数和无量纲参数随缺陷大小,内、外圈转速和径向外载荷变化的规律,得出了若干有益结论,为中介轴承故障诊断提供了有益参考。     

涡轮叶片叶顶间隙变化减敏研究

采用数值方法联合标准k-ω两方程湍流模型求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程组,研究了平顶和分别采用被动、主动以及复合间隙控制方法的凹槽顶、平顶喷气、凹槽顶喷气4种不同叶顶结构下涡轮性能对叶顶间隙变化的敏感性,分析了间隙变化对间隙流场结构及损失的影响,研究了涡轮性能随叶顶间隙变化的规律,并对采用不同间隙控制方法的叶顶结构所带来的效率收益对攻角变化敏感性进行了评估.结果表明:在不同间隙控制方法下叶顶泄漏涡强度随间隙的增加速度变缓,尤其在复合间隙控制方法下更为明显,从而使得在复合间隙控制方法下涡轮性能对间隙变化的敏感度最低;仅仅涡轮叶片前缘区域泄漏流动对攻角变化比较敏感,使得凹槽顶结构具有最佳的攻角变化适应性.      

关于民航运输服务工作几个问题的思考

出于对民航运输服务工作的关心,结合自己的实践,对影响服务质量的几个问题陈述了想法。这几个问题是：运输服务人员素质要提高;宣传民航客货运输规则的力度要加强;执法观念要改变;内部协作精神要提倡。     

Estimating sea level rise around Australia using a new approach to account for low frequency climate signals

Regional sea level studies help to identify the vulnerable areas to the sea level rise. This study investigates the impact of climate modes on sea level variations and trends around Australia using altimetry data, climate indices, and sea level records from tide gauge stations. Here, we show that the sea level variations are negatively correlated with climate indices to the north and west of Australia. The spectral analyses of the climate indices and tide gauge data suggest that a low frequency signal with a period of 11 years emerges during the mid 1980s. Since the 25-year length of the satellite altimetry record is yet too short to detect low frequency signals, their effect on the estimation of regional sea level trend is unknown. Therefore, we estimate the sea level trend with consideration of this signal and using a two-step method. All signals with periods shorter than 7.5 years are first removed from sea level time series and then the trend is estimated using the parametric model that includes the 11-year signal. The skill of the parametric model in explaining the variations in sea level anomaly validates the presence of the 11-year signal detected in the spectrograms of the tide gauge data and climate indices. The average sea level trend for the study area is estimated as 3.85 ± 0.15 mm/year.     

基于二维表的频繁集组合方法

挖掘关联规则时,频度集的计算是一个关键问题。现有算法大多从apriori,fp-growth算法演化而来,这些方法都存在有组合爆炸问题:apriori算法是候选模式造成的,而fp-growth算法是条件模式基造成的。因此,对于具有稠密数据的事务数据库现有的方法无法完成频度集的计算,即使是现有最好的fp-growth算法。将给出一种基于迭代思想的频度集计算方法,既不用频繁扫描数据又不用组合计算,实验表明此方法是十分有效的频度集计算方法。     

橡皮液压成形工艺的可靠性稳健优化设计方法

针对当前橡皮液压成形工艺过程中材料特性、工艺参数和其他随机因素都存在的固有波动问题,面向飞机精准制造,提出了一种考虑不确定性的可靠性稳健优化设计方法.该方法基于稳健优化设计和合理的可靠性约束,对比了可靠性稳健优化解和传统优化解相关度量指标,并对2B06-O态铝合金板材橡皮成形典型的曲弯边零件进行了工艺试验验证.结果表明该方法可有效降低质量评价指标对不确定性因素的敏感度,提高了橡皮成形工艺的稳健性和可靠性.     

Dependence of the 27-day variation of cosmic rays on the global magnetic field of the Sun

We show that the higher range of the heliolongitudinal asymmetry of the solar wind speed in the positive polarity period (A > 0) than in the negative polarity period (A < 0) is one of the important reasons of the larger amplitudes of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity in the period of 1995–1997 (A > 0) than in 1985–1987 (A < 0). Subsequently, different ranges of the heliolongitudinal asymmetry of the solar wind speed jointly with equally important corresponding drift effect are general causes of the polarity dependence of the amplitudes of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity. At the same time, we show that the polarity dependence is feeble for the last unusual minimum epoch of solar activity 2007–2009 (A < 0); the amplitude of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity shows only a tendency of the polarity dependence. We present a three dimensional (3-D) model of the 27-day variation of GCR based on the Parker’s transport equation. In the 3-D model is implemented a longitudinal variation of the solar wind speed reproducing in situ measurements and corresponding divergence-free interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) derived from the Maxwell’s equations. We show that results of the proposed 3-D modeling of the 27-day variation of GCR intensity for different polarities of the solar magnetic cycle are in good agreement with the neutron monitors experimental data. To reach a compatibility of the theoretical modeling with observations for the last minimum epoch of solar activity 2007–2009 (A < 0) a parallel diffusion coefficient was increased by ∼40%.