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实验研究了方形通道这一重型燃气轮机中常用叶片强制对流冷却通道结构.分析了雷诺数、壁面热流密度以及水雾质量流量比等关键参数对汽雾冷却通道的传热特性的影响,并建立了考虑离散相水雾的流动工况和通道壁面加热条件的实验关联式.结果表明:相对于纯蒸汽,汽雾两相流的传热系数显著提高,且传热性能提高的幅度随热流密度的增大而减小,随雷诺数和水雾质量流量比的增大而增大;通道上壁面平均传热系数低于下壁面,在高热流密度和低水雾质量流量比下,两者相差约13%,而在低热流密度与高水雾质量流量比的情况下,该比值增加到约25%. 相似文献
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F. Marin F. Tamborra 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
Asymmetric, broad iron lines are a common feature in the X-ray spectra of both X-ray binaries (XRBs) and type-1 Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). It was suggested that the distortion of the Fe Kα emission results from Doppler and relativistic effects affecting the radiative transfer close to the strong gravitational well of the central compact object: a stellar mass black hole (BH) or neutron star (NS) in the case of XRBs, or a super massive black hole (SMBH) in the case of AGN. However, alternative approaches based on reprocessing and transmission of radiation through surrounding media also attempt to explain the line broadening. So far, spectroscopic and timing analyzes have not yet convinced the whole community to discriminate between the two scenarios. Here we study to which extent X-ray polarimetric measurements of black hole X-ray binaries (BHXRBs) and type-1 AGN could help to identify the possible origin of the line distortion. To do so, we report on recent simulations obtained for the two BH flavors and show that the proposed scenarios are found to behave differently in polarization degree and polarization angle. A relativistic origin for the distortion is found to be more probable in the context of BHXRBs, supporting the idea that the same mechanism should lead the way also for AGN. We show that the discriminating polarization signal could have been detectable by several X-ray polarimetry missions proposed in the past. 相似文献
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为了进一步减小磁悬浮飞轮的振动力和力矩,建立并分析了一种特殊结构的磁悬浮飞轮的微振动模型,并利用微振动测量平台、数据采集分析硬件和软件,通过试验测量了磁悬浮飞轮6个自由度的振动力和力矩.分析其时域特性和频域特性,其振动特性图(瀑布图)显示了径向两个平动方向X和Y的振动力主要是同频分量、倍频分量以及模态量,其中同频分量较为明显.利用开闭环自适应陷波,分别对X、Y两个方向的振动力进行主动振动控制,取得了较好的控制效果,使得两个方向的振动力的同频量显著下降. 相似文献
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Introduction
The current U.S. extravehicular activity (EVA) suit in space includes liquid cooling and ventilation garment (LCVG) to control thermal condition. Tubes knitted in LCVG for flowing water interrupt evaporation of perspiration, and astronauts feel discomfort. In the present study, we hypothesized that a self-perspiration garment would effectively lower the skin temperature without raising humidity in the garment. Thus, we developed and examined the effects of the garment.Methods
Eight healthy subjects were studied with a cyclic ergometer of 30, 60 90 and 120 W loading for 3 min each. Skin temperature and humidity on the back were measured continuously. Subjects wore and tested three types of garments i.e., a spandex wear without any cooling device (Normal), a simulated LCVG (s-LCVG) or the spandex wear knitted a vinyl tube for flowing water, and the spandex wear with a tube, which flows water and self-perspiration with oozing water for evaporative cooling (SPEC).Results
All measurements were reached to steady state 2–3 min after the setting. The s-LCVG decreased skin temperature 0.39±0.14 °C during 12 min of cooling. With SPEC, skin temperature did not decrease significantly until 6–9 min after starting the cooling. However, the temperature decreased rapidly and significantly after that, and finally decreased 1.59±0.32 °C. Humidity in the SPEC was significantly lower than that in s-LCVG.Discussion
SPEC was effective for lowering skin temperature without raising humidity in the garment. The concept is expected to use as a better cooling system during EVA. 相似文献68.
激光有源干扰是目前光电干扰领域发展的热点,如何对其实现成功防御是一个重要课题。主要讨论了激光有源干扰的各种防御措施,重点是激光测距机和半主动激光制导武器的抗干扰措施、激光防护器材的防护原理以及新体制导弹的强激光防护技术。 相似文献
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压电自适应桁架结构主动控制模型及实验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为提高结构对外部环境的抗干扰能力,构造了压电柔性自适应桁架结构,并对其主动控制进行了研究.由传感器、作动器与柔性梁组成压电自适应桁架结构.基于自适应结构的机电耦合理论,在测量位移的情况下,采用改进的二次积分力反馈控制方法研究了空间压电柔性自适应桁架结构的振动主动控制问题.建立了压电柔性自适应桁架结构主动控制实验系统,并对这类自适应结构进行了实时计算机振动主动控制实验研究.实验研究表明柔性自适应桁架结构能够改善结构的动力学特性,对外界的干扰具有良好的自适应性. 相似文献